微咸水灌溉对冬小麦光合及荧光动力学参数的影响
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摘要
以冬小麦为研究对象,通过设计不同微咸水浓度和不同灌水量的灌溉方案,采用桶栽试验,通过叶绿素含量、光响应曲线及荧光动力学参数的变化规律,探究微咸水灌溉下水盐胁迫对冬小麦的影响。结果表明:3 g/L的微咸水对叶绿素含量的影响较小,5 g/L的微咸水则会使得叶片叶绿素含量降低。在拔节期采用3 g/L的微咸水进行灌溉,可以促进冬小麦的生理生长,适当的盐分胁迫会促进作物的光合作用;盐分胁迫会改变作物对有效光辐射的利用方式,采用3 g/L的微咸水灌溉会促进冬小麦对低有效光辐射的利用效率。采用5 g/L的微咸水进行灌溉会影响冬小麦的叶片结构,降低叶片对高有效光辐射的响应,最终导致光合作用下降。另外,盐分胁迫会增加作物的初始荧光,使叶片的最大荧光产量降低,还会降低内禀光能转换效率。3 g/L的微咸水在可以一定程度上缓解作物的水分胁迫,并能增加作物在盐分胁迫下的生理生长。
In this paper,winter wheat was studied by designing irrigation schemes with different brackish water concentration and irrigation amount. The effects of water and salt stress on winter wheat under brackish water irrigation were studied by barrel cultivation experiment. The result show that: 3 g/L brackish water has less influence on chlorophyll content,while 5 g/L brackish water can decrease chlorophyll content in leaves; the physiological growth of winter wheat can be promoted by irrigation with 3 gL brackish water at jointing stage,and photosynthesis can be promoted by appropriate salt stress; salt stress can change the way crops use available light radiation; 3 g/L brackish water irrigation can promote the utilization efficiency of low effective lightradiation in winter wheat; using 5 g/L brackish water for irrigation will affect the structure of the leaves of winter wheat,reduce the responses of the blades to high Efficient Optical radiation and lead to the decline of photosynthesis. In addition,salt stress can increase the initial fluorescence of crops,reduce the maximum fluorescence yield of leaves,and also reduce the intrinsic light energy conversion efficiency. The brackish water of 3 g/L can alleviate the water stress of crops to a certain extent and increase the physiological growth of crops under salt stress.
In this paper,winter wheat was studied by designing irrigation schemes with different brackish water concentration and irrigation amount. The effects of water and salt stress on winter wheat under brackish water irrigation were studied by barrel cultivation experiment. The result show that: 3 g/L brackish water has less influence on chlorophyll content,while 5 g/L brackish water can decrease chlorophyll content in leaves; the physiological growth of winter wheat can be promoted by irrigation with 3 gL brackish water at jointing stage,and photosynthesis can be promoted by appropriate salt stress; salt stress can change the way crops use available light radiation; 3 g/L brackish water irrigation can promote the utilization efficiency of low effective lightradiation in winter wheat; using 5 g/L brackish water for irrigation will affect the structure of the leaves of winter wheat,reduce the responses of the blades to high Efficient Optical radiation and lead to the decline of photosynthesis. In addition,salt stress can increase the initial fluorescence of crops,reduce the maximum fluorescence yield of leaves,and also reduce the intrinsic light energy conversion efficiency. The brackish water of 3 g/L can alleviate the water stress of crops to a certain extent and increase the physiological growth of crops under salt stress.
引文
[1]庞桂斌,徐征和,王海霞,等.微咸水灌溉对冬小麦光合特征及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(1):35-41.
[2]龚雨田,孙书洪,闫宏伟.微咸水灌溉对冬小麦产量及农艺性状的影响[J].节水灌溉,2017,(9):33-37,42.
[3]冀天会,张灿军,杨子光,等.冬小麦叶绿素荧光参数与品种抗旱性的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2005,25(4):64-66.
[4]张秋英,李发东,刘孟雨,等.不同水分条件下小麦旗叶叶绿素a荧光参数与籽粒灌浆速率[J].华北农学报,2003,18(1):26-28.
[5]王可玢,许春辉,赵福洪,等.水分胁迫对小麦旗叶某些体内叶绿素a荧光参数的影响[J].生物物理学报,1997,13(2):273-278.
[6]梁新华,许兴,徐兆桢,等.干旱对春小麦旗叶叶绿素a荧光动力学特征及产量间关系的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2001,19(3):72-77.
[7]罗青红,李志军,伍维模,等.胡杨、灰叶胡杨光合及叶绿素荧光特性的比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(5):983-988.
[8]周朝彬,宋于洋,王炳举,等.干旱胁迫对胡杨光合和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(4):5-9.
[9]王海珍,韩路,徐雅丽,等.胡杨异形叶叶绿素荧光特性对高温的响应[J].生态学报,2011,31(9):2 444-2 453.
[10]周洪华,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.塔里木河下游胡杨气体交换特性及其环境解释[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(4):665-672.
[11]蒲光兰,周兰英,胡学华,等.干旱胁迫对金太阳杏叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(3):44-48.
[12]张秋英,李发东,高克昌,等.水分胁迫对冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(6):1 184-1 190.
[13]王建程,严昌荣.卜玉山.不同水分与养分水平对玉米叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国农业气象,2005,26(2):95-98.
[14]杨晓青,张岁歧,梁宗锁,等.水分胁迫对不同抗旱类冬小麦幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(5):812-816.
[15]俞世雄,李芬,李绍林,等.水分胁迫对小麦新品系叶绿素含量的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2014,29(3):353-358.
[2]龚雨田,孙书洪,闫宏伟.微咸水灌溉对冬小麦产量及农艺性状的影响[J].节水灌溉,2017,(9):33-37,42.
[3]冀天会,张灿军,杨子光,等.冬小麦叶绿素荧光参数与品种抗旱性的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2005,25(4):64-66.
[4]张秋英,李发东,刘孟雨,等.不同水分条件下小麦旗叶叶绿素a荧光参数与籽粒灌浆速率[J].华北农学报,2003,18(1):26-28.
[5]王可玢,许春辉,赵福洪,等.水分胁迫对小麦旗叶某些体内叶绿素a荧光参数的影响[J].生物物理学报,1997,13(2):273-278.
[6]梁新华,许兴,徐兆桢,等.干旱对春小麦旗叶叶绿素a荧光动力学特征及产量间关系的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2001,19(3):72-77.
[7]罗青红,李志军,伍维模,等.胡杨、灰叶胡杨光合及叶绿素荧光特性的比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(5):983-988.
[8]周朝彬,宋于洋,王炳举,等.干旱胁迫对胡杨光合和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(4):5-9.
[9]王海珍,韩路,徐雅丽,等.胡杨异形叶叶绿素荧光特性对高温的响应[J].生态学报,2011,31(9):2 444-2 453.
[10]周洪华,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.塔里木河下游胡杨气体交换特性及其环境解释[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(4):665-672.
[11]蒲光兰,周兰英,胡学华,等.干旱胁迫对金太阳杏叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(3):44-48.
[12]张秋英,李发东,高克昌,等.水分胁迫对冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(6):1 184-1 190.
[13]王建程,严昌荣.卜玉山.不同水分与养分水平对玉米叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国农业气象,2005,26(2):95-98.
[14]杨晓青,张岁歧,梁宗锁,等.水分胁迫对不同抗旱类冬小麦幼苗叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(5):812-816.
[15]俞世雄,李芬,李绍林,等.水分胁迫对小麦新品系叶绿素含量的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2014,29(3):353-358.
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