哥伦比亚Llanos盆地东部油田Carbonera组C_5段河道砂岩地震识别与预测
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摘要
哥伦比亚Llanos盆地东部的中新世Carbonera组属于三角洲前缘相沉积。Carbonera组内部的水下分流河道砂体是良好的储层,因此对河道的精细刻画有利于指导下一步的油气勘探和开发。研究通过波动方程波场正演模拟建立了河道砂岩储层的地震识别模式,并利用地震沉积学RGB混频体地层切片以及沿层地震振幅属性对河道的形态、发育期次、以及砂体的平面分布进行了详细的研究。在此基础上,利用约束稀疏脉冲反演和地质统计学反演研究定量描述了河道砂体的孔隙度和厚度。最终对五条有利的河道砂岩岩性圈闭进行了详细的描述,研究区河道的宽度为322~830 m、砂岩最厚可达到35.05 m,这些河道砂体可为有利勘探目标区。区内钻探的W2井证实了该技术方法的有效性和储层描述结果的可靠性,为研究区下步的油气勘探开发提供新方向。
The channels developed in the Micocene Carbonera formation in the eastern part of the Llanos basin,Columbia,are so favorable reservoir that the accurate descriptions for these channels are key issues in this area. Guided by the simulation of wave equation,the seismic identification mode for channel sand is established. The distribution of the channels is then predicted with RGB mixing frequencies data slices and sensitive attributes. Eventually,the thickness and porosity of sand body are quantitatively described,using constrained sparse impulse inversion and geostatistical inversion. In our study,five favorable lithologic traps of channel sandstone are described in detail. The width of channel is about 322 ~ 830 m,and the thickness for channel sand( with porosity larger than 18%) is 35. 05 m,which make this channel sand favorable prospecting areas. The result of the drilling W2 verifies the validity of the technique and the reliability of the reservoir description,which provides a new direction for exploration and development in the next step.
The channels developed in the Micocene Carbonera formation in the eastern part of the Llanos basin,Columbia,are so favorable reservoir that the accurate descriptions for these channels are key issues in this area. Guided by the simulation of wave equation,the seismic identification mode for channel sand is established. The distribution of the channels is then predicted with RGB mixing frequencies data slices and sensitive attributes. Eventually,the thickness and porosity of sand body are quantitatively described,using constrained sparse impulse inversion and geostatistical inversion. In our study,five favorable lithologic traps of channel sandstone are described in detail. The width of channel is about 322 ~ 830 m,and the thickness for channel sand( with porosity larger than 18%) is 35. 05 m,which make this channel sand favorable prospecting areas. The result of the drilling W2 verifies the validity of the technique and the reliability of the reservoir description,which provides a new direction for exploration and development in the next step.
引文
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[11]贺振华,黄德济,胡光岷.复杂油气藏地震波场特征方法理论及应用[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1999.HE Zhenghua,HUANG Deji,HU Guangmin.Theory and application of seismic wave field characteristics of complex oil and gas reservoir[M].Chengdu:Science and Technology Publishing House,1999.(in Chinese)
[12]李雪英,李东庆,王博运,等.基于波动方程的薄互层正演模拟方法[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(6):2697~2701.LI Xueying,LI Dongqing,WANG Boyun,et al.The forward modeling method of thin interbeding based on wave equation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(6):2697~2701.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]尚帅.地震信号高分辨率谱分解方法与应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.SHANG Shuai.High-resolution seismic spectral decomposition and its application[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2014.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]Puryear C I,Castagna J P.Layer-thickness determination and stratigraphic interpretation using spectral inversion:theory and application[J].Geophysics,2008,73(2):37~48.
[15]Castano K P,Ojeda G,Montes L.Thin-layer detection using spectral inversion and a genetic algorithm[J].Earth Sciences Research Journal,2011,15(2):121~128.
[16]唐湘蓉,彭真明,蔡涵鹏.基于Gabor变换的时频分析在气层识别中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(3):65~70.TANG Xiangrong,PENG Zhenming,CAI Hanpeng.Application of Time-frequency analysis based on Gabor transform in gas reservoir identification[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2012,34(3):65~70.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]靳涛.基于RGB原理的地震多属性显示技术研究与应用[D].济南:山东大学,2010.JIN Tao.Research and application on RGB theory based multiple seismic attributes display technique[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2010.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]曹鉴华.RGB混频显示技术及其在河道识别中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(5):355~358.CAO Jianhua.RGB color blending and its application in channel recognition[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2010,33(5):355~358.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]郑连弟,袁联生,杨强,等.Gabor变换与三原色融合技术在碳酸盐岩缝洞储层识别中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2016,38(5):631~636.ZHENG Liandi,YUAN Liansheng,YANG Qiang,et al.Application of Gabor transform and RGB tricolor in reservoir prediction of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,38(5):631~636.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]Guerrero J G,Vargas C A,Montes L A.Reservoir characterization by multiattribute analysis:the orito field case[J].Earth Sciences Research Journal,2010,14(2):173~180.
[21]史洪波.松辽盆地榆东地区河道砂体地震地质特征及预测技术[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2014,36(11):60~63.SHI Hongbo.Seismic geologic features and prediction technology of channel sand body in Yudong area of Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology(Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute),2014,36(11):60~63.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]姚逢昌,甘利灯.地震反演的应用与限制[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):53~56.YAO Fengchang,GAN Lideng.Application and restriction of seismic inversion[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(2):53~56.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]Nie R,Yue J H,Deng S Q,et al.Wave impedance inversion in coalfield based on immune genetic algorithm[J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2009,1(1):929~935.
[24]郭朝斌,杨小波,陈红岳,等.约束稀疏脉冲反演在储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):397~400.GUO Chaobin,YANG Xiaobo,CHEN Hongyue,et al.Constrained sparse pulse inversion research in north of Haitongji depression[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(4):397~400.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]杨培杰.地质统计学反演-从两点到多点[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2293~2300.Yang Peijie.Geostatistics inversion-from two-point to multiplepoint[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(5):2293~2300.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]Berge T B,Aminzadeh F,De Groot P,et al.Seismic inversion successfully predicts reservoir,porosity,and gas content in Ibhubesi Field,Orange Basin,South Africa[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(4):338~348.
[2]Cooper M A,Addison F T,Alvarez R,et al.Basin development and tectonic history of the Llanos Basin,Eastern Cordillera,and Middle Magdalena Valley,Colombia[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79(10):1421~1443.
[3]刘亚明,张春雷.哥伦比亚油气地质与勘探[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):226~232.LIU Yaming,ZHANG Chunlei.Petroleum geology and exploration in Colombia[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(3):226~232.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]张金伟.哥伦比亚D区块油藏类型及成藏控制因素[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2014,36(7):22~26.ZHANG Jinwei.The reservoir type and main control factors on Hydrocarbon accumulation in Block D of Columbia[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology(Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute),2014,36(7):22~26.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]胡俊峰,冯方,杨江峰,等.Llanos盆地W油田河道砂体识别与描述[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(6):55~63.HU Junfeng,FENG Fang,YANG Jiangfeng,et al.Identification of channel sand in W Oilfield of Llanos Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2015,37(6):55~63.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]Moncayo E,Tchegliakova N,Montes L.Pre-stack seismic inversion based on a genetic algorithm:A case from the Llanos Basin(Colombia)in the absence of well information[J].CT&F-Ciencia,Tecnologíay Futuro,2012,4(5):5~20.
[7]Bosch M,Morales D,Gomez Y,et al.Elastic seismic inversion and reservoir characterization in the Llanos Basin,Colombia[J].The Leading Edge,2014,33(7):734~744.
[8]冯方,傅恒,宋亮,等.南美Llanos盆地中生代-新生代构造沉积演化及石油地质特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(5):521~529.FENG Fang,FU Heng,SONG Liang,et al.Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic and sedimentary evolution and petroleum geological features in Llanos Basin,South America[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2015,42(5):521~529.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]冯方,王晓杰,胡俊峰,等.南美洲Llanos盆地Dorotea区块岩性-构造油藏勘探开发技术与实践[J].中国石油勘探,2015,20(3):79~88.FENG Fang,WANG Xiaojie,HU Junfeng,et al.Exploration and development technology for Lithologic-Structural reservoir in Dorotea Block of Llanos Basin in South America[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2015,20(3):79~88.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]张金伟,闫爱英,柳文秀,等.亚诺斯盆地Cabiona区块油气成藏规律[J].油气地质与采收率,2012,19(4):24~26,30.ZHANG Jinwei,YAN Aiying,LIU Wenxiu,et al.Study on reservoir occurrence rule in Cabiona block of Colombia[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2012,19(4):24~26,30.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]贺振华,黄德济,胡光岷.复杂油气藏地震波场特征方法理论及应用[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1999.HE Zhenghua,HUANG Deji,HU Guangmin.Theory and application of seismic wave field characteristics of complex oil and gas reservoir[M].Chengdu:Science and Technology Publishing House,1999.(in Chinese)
[12]李雪英,李东庆,王博运,等.基于波动方程的薄互层正演模拟方法[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(6):2697~2701.LI Xueying,LI Dongqing,WANG Boyun,et al.The forward modeling method of thin interbeding based on wave equation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(6):2697~2701.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]尚帅.地震信号高分辨率谱分解方法与应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.SHANG Shuai.High-resolution seismic spectral decomposition and its application[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2014.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]Puryear C I,Castagna J P.Layer-thickness determination and stratigraphic interpretation using spectral inversion:theory and application[J].Geophysics,2008,73(2):37~48.
[15]Castano K P,Ojeda G,Montes L.Thin-layer detection using spectral inversion and a genetic algorithm[J].Earth Sciences Research Journal,2011,15(2):121~128.
[16]唐湘蓉,彭真明,蔡涵鹏.基于Gabor变换的时频分析在气层识别中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(3):65~70.TANG Xiangrong,PENG Zhenming,CAI Hanpeng.Application of Time-frequency analysis based on Gabor transform in gas reservoir identification[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2012,34(3):65~70.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]靳涛.基于RGB原理的地震多属性显示技术研究与应用[D].济南:山东大学,2010.JIN Tao.Research and application on RGB theory based multiple seismic attributes display technique[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2010.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]曹鉴华.RGB混频显示技术及其在河道识别中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(5):355~358.CAO Jianhua.RGB color blending and its application in channel recognition[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2010,33(5):355~358.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]郑连弟,袁联生,杨强,等.Gabor变换与三原色融合技术在碳酸盐岩缝洞储层识别中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2016,38(5):631~636.ZHENG Liandi,YUAN Liansheng,YANG Qiang,et al.Application of Gabor transform and RGB tricolor in reservoir prediction of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2016,38(5):631~636.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]Guerrero J G,Vargas C A,Montes L A.Reservoir characterization by multiattribute analysis:the orito field case[J].Earth Sciences Research Journal,2010,14(2):173~180.
[21]史洪波.松辽盆地榆东地区河道砂体地震地质特征及预测技术[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2014,36(11):60~63.SHI Hongbo.Seismic geologic features and prediction technology of channel sand body in Yudong area of Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology(Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute),2014,36(11):60~63.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]姚逢昌,甘利灯.地震反演的应用与限制[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):53~56.YAO Fengchang,GAN Lideng.Application and restriction of seismic inversion[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(2):53~56.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]Nie R,Yue J H,Deng S Q,et al.Wave impedance inversion in coalfield based on immune genetic algorithm[J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2009,1(1):929~935.
[24]郭朝斌,杨小波,陈红岳,等.约束稀疏脉冲反演在储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):397~400.GUO Chaobin,YANG Xiaobo,CHEN Hongyue,et al.Constrained sparse pulse inversion research in north of Haitongji depression[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(4):397~400.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]杨培杰.地质统计学反演-从两点到多点[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2293~2300.Yang Peijie.Geostatistics inversion-from two-point to multiplepoint[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(5):2293~2300.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]Berge T B,Aminzadeh F,De Groot P,et al.Seismic inversion successfully predicts reservoir,porosity,and gas content in Ibhubesi Field,Orange Basin,South Africa[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(4):338~348.