2种启动方式下CSTR厌氧甲烷发酵系统的运行特性比较
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摘要
厌氧产甲烷菌生长缓慢,对生境环境尤为敏感,其富集难且慢,所以厌氧反应器的快速启动一直是热点研究问题。为摸清连续流搅拌槽式反应器(CSTR)处理糖蜜废水的适宜启动条件和调控方法,比较了两种启动方式下CSTR厌氧甲烷发酵系统的运行特性。结果显示,以啤酒废水污水处理车间的剩余污泥为种泥,在HRT为18 h、温度35℃条件下,进水COD为4 000 mg·L~(-1)时直接启动CSTR厌氧反应器,系统因挥发酸积累,产甲烷菌群活性受限,难以富集培养,经过近103d的运行,系统未形成高效的厌氧甲烷发酵微生物菌群结构体系;而当采用保持HRT18 h不变,进水COD阶段性提升至4000 mg·L~(-1)的启动方式时,产甲烷菌群活性较高,能在较短时间内得到有效富集和培养,CSTR能成功培养具有完整甲烷发酵功能的微生物菌,COD去除率可在65 d内达到56%,反应器成功启动。
As anaerobic methanogenic bacteria are particularly sensitive to environmental habits and grow slowly,successfully devising a quick start-up for anaerobic digestion reactors has been a topic for research. In this study,we compared the operational characteristics of anaerobic methanogenic fermentation in a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor( CSTR) system,in two different starting conditions. The aim was to explore the suitable conditions and regulatory methods for treating molasses wastewater by a CSTR. After inoculating the excess sewage sludge from a brewery wastewater treatment plant,the CSTR process was started with an influent of 4 000 mg·L~(-1)COD,and with the HRT being 18 h at 35 ℃. After operating for 103 days,the VFAs had accumulated in the reactor and the anaerobic methanogenic bacteria were inactive,suggesting that an efficient anaerobic microbial community was not present. However,when the HRT was maintained at 18 h,and the CSTR process was started by a stepwise increase of the influent COD to 4 000 mg·L~(-1),the methanogenic bacteria in the CSTR were active and it could be enriched and cultured effectively. The COD removal efficiency reached 56% during an operational period of 65 days,which indicated that a highly efficient anaerobic microbial community had been constructed successfully.
As anaerobic methanogenic bacteria are particularly sensitive to environmental habits and grow slowly,successfully devising a quick start-up for anaerobic digestion reactors has been a topic for research. In this study,we compared the operational characteristics of anaerobic methanogenic fermentation in a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor( CSTR) system,in two different starting conditions. The aim was to explore the suitable conditions and regulatory methods for treating molasses wastewater by a CSTR. After inoculating the excess sewage sludge from a brewery wastewater treatment plant,the CSTR process was started with an influent of 4 000 mg·L~(-1)COD,and with the HRT being 18 h at 35 ℃. After operating for 103 days,the VFAs had accumulated in the reactor and the anaerobic methanogenic bacteria were inactive,suggesting that an efficient anaerobic microbial community was not present. However,when the HRT was maintained at 18 h,and the CSTR process was started by a stepwise increase of the influent COD to 4 000 mg·L~(-1),the methanogenic bacteria in the CSTR were active and it could be enriched and cultured effectively. The COD removal efficiency reached 56% during an operational period of 65 days,which indicated that a highly efficient anaerobic microbial community had been constructed successfully.
引文
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[20]昌盛.厌氧接触式发酵制氢反应器的运行调控与产氢效能[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012
[21]WANG Yuanyuan,ZHANG Yanlin,WANG Jianbo,et al.Effects of volatile fatty acid concentrations on methane yield and methanogenic bacteria[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2009,33(5):848-853(in Chinese)
[22]DUARTE A C,ANDERSON G K.Inhibition modeling in anaerobic digestion[J].Water Science and Technology,1982,14:749-763
[23]KROEKER E J,SCHULTE D D,SPARLING A B,et al.Anaerobic treatment process stability[J].Journal(Water Pollution Control Federation),1979,51(4):718-727
[24]任南琪,刘敏,王爱杰,等.两相厌氧系统中产甲烷相有机酸转化规律[J].环境科学,2003,24(4):89-93
[2]罗彬,李宁,吕育财,等.不同菌群对黄姜废渣厌氧消化产沼气的性质研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(4):33-39
[3]张晨光,祝金星,王小韦,等.餐厨垃圾、粪便和污泥联合厌氧发酵工艺优化研究[J].中国沼气,2015,33(1):13-16
[4]李建政,张立国,班巧英,等.OLR对UASB运行特性的影响及丙酸氧化菌群的演替[J].太阳能学报,2014,35(10):1857-1862
[5]邓良伟,陈子爱,李淑兰,等.缩短厌氧消化时间改善猪场废水厌氧消化液好氧后处理性能的可行性[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(3):502-509
[6]刘晓玲,李十中,刘建双,等.应用高固体浓度厌氧消化工艺转化污泥产沼气研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(5):955-963
[7]路青,张振贤,党酉胜.工业化EGSB处理阿维菌素废水启动运行研究[J].上海环境科学,2015,34(1):40-42
[8]CHEN Ye,CHENG J J,CREAMER K S.Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process:A review[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(10):4044-4064
[9]黄国玲,解庆林,杨永东,等.微氧厌氧处理糖蜜废水启动过程中颗粒污泥性质研究[J].环境科学与管理,2012,37(5):85-88
[10]殷鹏飞.BLR厌氧反应器处理有机废水工程应用研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2014
[11]余燚,郑平,汪彩华,等.厌氧消化中间产物毒性的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(8):1651-1654
[12]史宏伟,邹德勋,左剑恶,等.梯度负荷下果蔬垃圾厌氧消化性能及微生物群落结构的研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(1):232-240
[13]高磊,任南琪,陈兆波,等.新型组合工艺(CSTR-UASBAF-NMBR)处理有机废水实验及数学建模[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(1):233-239
[14]蔡文婷,朱保宁,李兵,等.果蔬废物CSTR-ASBR强化酸化分相厌氧消化产气性能研究[J].中国沼气,2012,30(6):23-27
[15]吴静,黄建东,陆正禹,等.内循环厌氧反应器的快速启动策略[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2010,50(3):400-402
[16]丁绍兰,贾文颖,董凌霄.复合式厌氧折流板反应器快速启动的影响因素探讨[J].工业水处理,2012,32(4):9-11
[17]韩洪军,王伟,敖凯,等.外循环厌氧反应器的快速启动[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2010,42(4):580-583
[18]叶菁菁.CSTR甲烷发酵系统的启动与运行控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008
[19]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法.4版[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:27-30
[20]昌盛.厌氧接触式发酵制氢反应器的运行调控与产氢效能[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012
[21]WANG Yuanyuan,ZHANG Yanlin,WANG Jianbo,et al.Effects of volatile fatty acid concentrations on methane yield and methanogenic bacteria[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2009,33(5):848-853(in Chinese)
[22]DUARTE A C,ANDERSON G K.Inhibition modeling in anaerobic digestion[J].Water Science and Technology,1982,14:749-763
[23]KROEKER E J,SCHULTE D D,SPARLING A B,et al.Anaerobic treatment process stability[J].Journal(Water Pollution Control Federation),1979,51(4):718-727
[24]任南琪,刘敏,王爱杰,等.两相厌氧系统中产甲烷相有机酸转化规律[J].环境科学,2003,24(4):89-93