交流单点电晕放电可听噪声纯音分量的产生机理
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摘要
交流电晕放电产生的可听噪声除了具有宽频噪声分量外,还具有明显的纯音分量。为了研究纯音分量的产生机理,在实验室搭建交流单点电晕放电可听噪声时域测试平台,获得交流电晕放电可听噪声的时域波形,采用相关系数法在时域上对背景噪声进行剔除。在此基础上,对可听噪声的频谱特性进行分析,揭示了交流电晕放电可听噪声纯音分量的产生机理。研究结果表明,交流电晕放电可听噪声的纯音分量主要是由于交流电压对可听噪声脉冲簇的周期性调制作用产生的,借助于周期性方波信号,对交流电压的调制作用进行了详细说明。此外,还结合交流电晕放电空间电荷的发展过程及电压的周期性变化对空间电荷的影响,对纯音分量的产生机理进行了定性解释。
The audible noise from alternate current(AC) corona discharge covers a wide frequency band and consists of pure tones with harmonics of the power frequency. In order to obtain the generation mechanism of the pure tones, the time-domain waveforms of audible noise from an AC single corona source are measured. After the background noise is removed on the basis of the correlation analysis method, the frequency-domain characteristics are obtained, and the generation mechanism of pure tone components is discussed and analyzed. The results show that the pure tones are mainly induced by the AC modulation effects on the repetition of audible noise pulse clusters. Based on the analytical expressions of period square wave signals and audible noise pulses, the modulation effects from AC voltages are analyzed in detail. Finally, the development of the space charges generated by AC corona discharge and the influence of the cyclical variation of voltages on the motion of space charges are presented to give qualitative explanations for the generation mechanism of pure tone components.
The audible noise from alternate current(AC) corona discharge covers a wide frequency band and consists of pure tones with harmonics of the power frequency. In order to obtain the generation mechanism of the pure tones, the time-domain waveforms of audible noise from an AC single corona source are measured. After the background noise is removed on the basis of the correlation analysis method, the frequency-domain characteristics are obtained, and the generation mechanism of pure tone components is discussed and analyzed. The results show that the pure tones are mainly induced by the AC modulation effects on the repetition of audible noise pulse clusters. Based on the analytical expressions of period square wave signals and audible noise pulses, the modulation effects from AC voltages are analyzed in detail. Finally, the development of the space charges generated by AC corona discharge and the influence of the cyclical variation of voltages on the motion of space charges are presented to give qualitative explanations for the generation mechanism of pure tone components.
引文
[1]Maruvada P S.Corona performance of high-voltage transmission lines[M].Taunton:Research Studies Press Ltd,2000:163-164.
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[4]张业茂,张广洲,万保权,等.1000kV交流单回紧凑型输电线路电磁环境研究[J].高电压技术,2011,37(8):1888-1894.Zhang Yemao,Zhang Guangzhou,Wan Baoquan,et al.Electromagnetic environment of 1000kV ACsingle-circuit compact transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(8):1888-1894(in Chinese).
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[10]Bharath K,Thomas J M.Computation of audible noise from a 1200 k V UHV power transmission line[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(2):974-978.
[11]Li Q,Shuttleworth R,Zhang G.Acoustic noise evaluation for overhead line conductors using an anechoic chamber[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,32(4):1835-1843.
[12]Heroux P,Maruvada P S,Trinh N G.High-voltage ACtransmission lines reduction of corona under foul weather[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1982,101(9):3009-3017.
[13]Sforzini M,Cortina R,Sacerdote G.Acoustic noise caused by ac corona on conductors:results of an experimental investigation in the anechoic chamber[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1975,92(2):591-601.
[14]Comber M G,Carberry R E,Davey J H.Measurement of audible noise from transmission lines[J].IEEETransactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1981,100(3):1440-1452.
[15]Teich T H,Weber H J.Origin and abatement of tonal emission from high voltage transmission lines[J].Elektrotechnik Und Information Stechnik,2002,119(1):103-133.
[16]Tanabe K.Second harmonics of audible noise from ACtransmission lines:random walk model on space distribution[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):216-222.
[17]Ueli Straumann.Simulation of the space charge near coronating conductors of ac overhead transmission lines[J].Journal of Physics:D Applied Physics,2011,44(7):075502.
[18]Ueil Straumann.Mechanism of the tonal emission from AC high voltage overhead transmission lines[J].Journal of Physics D Applied Physics,2011,44(7):075501.
[19]Ianna F,Wilson G L,Bosack D J.Spectral characteristics of acoustic noise from metallic protrusions and water droplets in high electric fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1974,93(6):1787-1796.
[20]Li X B,Cui X,Lu T B,et al.Comparison between the audible noises generated from single corona source under DC and AC corona discharge[J].CSEE Journal of Power and Energy System,2015,1(3):23-30.
[21]Wang Jing,Li Xuebao,Lu Tiebing,et al.Detail time-domain characteristics of audible noise from single corona source under AC voltage[C]//2016 IEEE PESAsia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC),Xi'an,China,2016.
[22]张娣.高压直流导线电晕放电可听噪声的近距离测量及时域特性分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.Zhang Di.Close measurement and analysis of the time domain characteristics audible noise from corona of HVDC lines[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2015(in Chinese).
[23]李学宝,崔翔,卢铁兵,等.正极性单点电晕放电可听噪声时域波形拟合及分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(6):1542-1548.Li Xuebao,Cui Xiang,Lu Tiebing,et al.Analysis and fitting of the time-domain waveform of the audible noise caused by single positive corona source on the conductor[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(6):1542-1548(in Chinese).
[24]Li X B,Cui X,Lu T B,et al.Statistical characteristics in time-domain of direct current corona-generated audible noise from conductor in corona cage[J].Physics of Plasmas,2016,23(3):033503.
[2]舒印彪,胡毅,交流特高压输电线路关键技术的研究及应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(36):1-7.Shu Yinbiao,Hu Yi.Research and application of key technologies for UHV AC transmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(36):1-7(in Chinese).
[3]Maruvada P S.Corona in transmission systems theory,design and performance[M].Kensington:Crown publications cc.,2011:262-270.
[4]张业茂,张广洲,万保权,等.1000kV交流单回紧凑型输电线路电磁环境研究[J].高电压技术,2011,37(8):1888-1894.Zhang Yemao,Zhang Guangzhou,Wan Baoquan,et al.Electromagnetic environment of 1000kV ACsingle-circuit compact transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(8):1888-1894(in Chinese).
[5]Taylor E R,Chartier V L,Rice D N.Audible noise and visual corona from HV and EHV transmission lines and substation conductors-laboratory tests[J].IEEETransactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1969,88(5):666-679.
[6]Perry D E.An analysis of transmission line audible noise levels based upon field and three-phase test line measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1972,91(3):857-865.
[7]Engel Z,Wszo?ek T.Audible noise of transmission lines caused by the corona effect:Analysis,modelling,prediction[J].Applied Acoustics,1996,47(47):149-163.
[8]Sforzini M,Cortina R,Sacerdote G,et al.Acoustic noise caused by a.c.corona on conductors:Results of an experimental investigation in the anechoic chamber[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1975,94(2):591-601.
[9]Teich T H,Weber H J.Origin and abatement of tonal emission from high voltage transmission lines[J].E&IElektrotechnik Und Informationstechnik,2002,119(1):22-27.
[10]Bharath K,Thomas J M.Computation of audible noise from a 1200 k V UHV power transmission line[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(2):974-978.
[11]Li Q,Shuttleworth R,Zhang G.Acoustic noise evaluation for overhead line conductors using an anechoic chamber[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,32(4):1835-1843.
[12]Heroux P,Maruvada P S,Trinh N G.High-voltage ACtransmission lines reduction of corona under foul weather[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1982,101(9):3009-3017.
[13]Sforzini M,Cortina R,Sacerdote G.Acoustic noise caused by ac corona on conductors:results of an experimental investigation in the anechoic chamber[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1975,92(2):591-601.
[14]Comber M G,Carberry R E,Davey J H.Measurement of audible noise from transmission lines[J].IEEETransactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1981,100(3):1440-1452.
[15]Teich T H,Weber H J.Origin and abatement of tonal emission from high voltage transmission lines[J].Elektrotechnik Und Information Stechnik,2002,119(1):103-133.
[16]Tanabe K.Second harmonics of audible noise from ACtransmission lines:random walk model on space distribution[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(1):216-222.
[17]Ueli Straumann.Simulation of the space charge near coronating conductors of ac overhead transmission lines[J].Journal of Physics:D Applied Physics,2011,44(7):075502.
[18]Ueil Straumann.Mechanism of the tonal emission from AC high voltage overhead transmission lines[J].Journal of Physics D Applied Physics,2011,44(7):075501.
[19]Ianna F,Wilson G L,Bosack D J.Spectral characteristics of acoustic noise from metallic protrusions and water droplets in high electric fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1974,93(6):1787-1796.
[20]Li X B,Cui X,Lu T B,et al.Comparison between the audible noises generated from single corona source under DC and AC corona discharge[J].CSEE Journal of Power and Energy System,2015,1(3):23-30.
[21]Wang Jing,Li Xuebao,Lu Tiebing,et al.Detail time-domain characteristics of audible noise from single corona source under AC voltage[C]//2016 IEEE PESAsia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC),Xi'an,China,2016.
[22]张娣.高压直流导线电晕放电可听噪声的近距离测量及时域特性分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.Zhang Di.Close measurement and analysis of the time domain characteristics audible noise from corona of HVDC lines[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2015(in Chinese).
[23]李学宝,崔翔,卢铁兵,等.正极性单点电晕放电可听噪声时域波形拟合及分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(6):1542-1548.Li Xuebao,Cui Xiang,Lu Tiebing,et al.Analysis and fitting of the time-domain waveform of the audible noise caused by single positive corona source on the conductor[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(6):1542-1548(in Chinese).
[24]Li X B,Cui X,Lu T B,et al.Statistical characteristics in time-domain of direct current corona-generated audible noise from conductor in corona cage[J].Physics of Plasmas,2016,23(3):033503.
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