特高压换流变故障性涌流产生机理及其对差动保护的影响
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摘要
从磁链变化角度分析特高压换流变压器(简称换流变)阀侧发生单相接地故障时由换流阀单向导通性引起的励磁涌流(定义为故障性涌流)的产生机理和变化特点。以特高压直流输电系统中某一换流变为例,分析故障性涌流对换流变差动保护动作特性的影响。研究结果表明,故障性涌流容易导致换流变区外故障转区内时差动保护误闭锁。针对该问题,进一步分析发现,由于换流阀的单向导通性使得转换性故障发生后差动电流的直流分量存在由负极性到正极性反转的特征,进而利用该特征提出换流变差动保护闭锁逻辑改进判据。仿真结果证明了所提判据的可靠性。
The inrush current caused by the unidirectional conductivity of the converter valve when the single-phase grounding fault occurs on the valve side of the UHV converter transformer is defined as fault inrush current,whose mechanism and variation characteristics are analyzed from the aspect of the flux variation. Taking a converter transformer in UHVDC transmission system as an example,the influence of fault inrush current on the operation characteristics of differential protection is analyzed. The results show that the fault inrush current easily causes differential protection of converter transformer to be locked improperly when external fault transfers to internal fault on valve side. Aiming at this problem,further analysis shows that the unidirectional conductivity of the converter valve causes the DC component of the differential current to be reversed from negative to positive polarity after the occurrence of the transferring fault,based on which,the improved logic criterion of lock logic is proposed for the differential protection of converter transformer. The simulative results verify the reliability of the proposed criterion.
The inrush current caused by the unidirectional conductivity of the converter valve when the single-phase grounding fault occurs on the valve side of the UHV converter transformer is defined as fault inrush current,whose mechanism and variation characteristics are analyzed from the aspect of the flux variation. Taking a converter transformer in UHVDC transmission system as an example,the influence of fault inrush current on the operation characteristics of differential protection is analyzed. The results show that the fault inrush current easily causes differential protection of converter transformer to be locked improperly when external fault transfers to internal fault on valve side. Aiming at this problem,further analysis shows that the unidirectional conductivity of the converter valve causes the DC component of the differential current to be reversed from negative to positive polarity after the occurrence of the transferring fault,based on which,the improved logic criterion of lock logic is proposed for the differential protection of converter transformer. The simulative results verify the reliability of the proposed criterion.
引文
[1] 郑晓冬,邰能灵,杨光亮,等.特高压直流输电系统的建模与仿真[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(7):10-14.ZHENG Xiaodong,TAI Nengling,YANG Guangliang,et al.Modeling and simulation of UHVDC system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(7):10-14.
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[3] 申洪明,宋璇坤,黄少锋,等.换相失败对TA 传变特性及换流变差动保护的影响分析[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(4):218-223.SHEN Hongming,SONG Xuankun,HUANG Shaofeng,et al.Effect of commutation failure on transfer characteristics of CT and differential protection of converter transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(4):218-223.
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[8] 李晓华,刘洋,蔡泽祥.直流输电换流变压器阀侧交流单相接地故障[J].电工技术学报,2012,26(6):38-45.LI Xiaohua,LIU Yang,CAI Zexiang.Analysis of grounding fault at HVDC converter transformer valve side[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,26(6):38-45.
[9] 韩昆仑,蔡泽祥,李佳曼,等.考虑直流控制的换流器交流侧故障及其保护动作行为分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2531-2540.HAN Kunlun,CAI Zexiang,LI Jiaman,et al.Analysis of fault on the AC side of converter and action of converter protection consi-dering DC control[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(8):2531-2540.
[10] 黄俊伸,张晓红,吕英飞,等.HVDC换流器故障分析与仿真研究[J].黑龙江电力,2013,35(5):412-416.HUANG Junshen,ZHANG Xiaohong,Lü Yingfei,et al.Fault analysis and simulation study of HVDC converter[J].Heilongjiang Electric Power,2013,35(5):412-416.
[11] 肖燕彩,文继锋,袁源,等.超高压直流系统中的换流变压器保护[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(9):91-94.XIAO Yancai,WEN Jifeng,YUAN Yuan,et al.Protection of converter transformer in HVDC[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(9):91-94.
[12] 鲁俊生.交直流深度耦合下变压器差动类保护动作性能分析及新原理研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.LU Junsheng.Operation performance analysis and novel principles studies on differential-type protection of power transformer under AC-DC deeply coupling interactions[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2016.
[13] 宋秭霖,程玲.特高压直流一次设备运行可靠性分析[J].电气技术,2015(6):110-118.SONG Zilin,CHENG Ling.Operation reliability analysis of primary equipment in UHVDC[J].Electrical Engineering,2015(6):110-118.
[14] 韩昆仑.高压直流输电系统换流器与线路保护动态特性分析与整定研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.HAN Kunlun.Research on dynamic characteristic and protection setting of HVDC converter and line protection[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2013.
[15] 郑涛,王增平.超/特高压变压器差动保护关键技术与新原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:98-104.
[2] 翁汉琍,林湘宁.换流变压器差动保护异常动作行为分析及对策[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(31):87-94.WENG Hanli,LIN Xiangning.Analysis and countermeasure of abnormal operation behaviors of the differential protection of converter transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(31):87-94.
[3] 申洪明,宋璇坤,黄少锋,等.换相失败对TA 传变特性及换流变差动保护的影响分析[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(4):218-223.SHEN Hongming,SONG Xuankun,HUANG Shaofeng,et al.Effect of commutation failure on transfer characteristics of CT and differential protection of converter transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(4):218-223.
[4] 乔晓敏.直流系统换流变压器差动保护的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2009.QIAO Xiaomin.The research on differential protection of the converter transformer in DC system[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2009.
[5] 邹晓峰.变压器与换流变压器保护相关问题研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.ZOU Xiaofeng.Research on problems in protection of power transformer and converter transformer[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2010.
[6] 高爱云,聂娟红,李晓华,等.换流变压器阀侧单相接地故障保护动作分析[J].电工电能新技术,2010,29(4):71-75.GAO Aiyun,NIE Juanhong,LI Xiaohua,et al.Protection analysis of single-phase ground fault at converter transformer valve side[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2010,29(4):71-75.
[7] 罗海云,余江,欧开建.换流变压器阀侧接地故障特性分析[J].中国电力,2009,42(6):84-87.LUO Haiyun,YU Jiang,OU Kaijian.Grounding fault analysis at converter transformer valve side[J].Electric Power,2009,42(6):84-87.
[8] 李晓华,刘洋,蔡泽祥.直流输电换流变压器阀侧交流单相接地故障[J].电工技术学报,2012,26(6):38-45.LI Xiaohua,LIU Yang,CAI Zexiang.Analysis of grounding fault at HVDC converter transformer valve side[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,26(6):38-45.
[9] 韩昆仑,蔡泽祥,李佳曼,等.考虑直流控制的换流器交流侧故障及其保护动作行为分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2531-2540.HAN Kunlun,CAI Zexiang,LI Jiaman,et al.Analysis of fault on the AC side of converter and action of converter protection consi-dering DC control[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(8):2531-2540.
[10] 黄俊伸,张晓红,吕英飞,等.HVDC换流器故障分析与仿真研究[J].黑龙江电力,2013,35(5):412-416.HUANG Junshen,ZHANG Xiaohong,Lü Yingfei,et al.Fault analysis and simulation study of HVDC converter[J].Heilongjiang Electric Power,2013,35(5):412-416.
[11] 肖燕彩,文继锋,袁源,等.超高压直流系统中的换流变压器保护[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(9):91-94.XIAO Yancai,WEN Jifeng,YUAN Yuan,et al.Protection of converter transformer in HVDC[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(9):91-94.
[12] 鲁俊生.交直流深度耦合下变压器差动类保护动作性能分析及新原理研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.LU Junsheng.Operation performance analysis and novel principles studies on differential-type protection of power transformer under AC-DC deeply coupling interactions[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2016.
[13] 宋秭霖,程玲.特高压直流一次设备运行可靠性分析[J].电气技术,2015(6):110-118.SONG Zilin,CHENG Ling.Operation reliability analysis of primary equipment in UHVDC[J].Electrical Engineering,2015(6):110-118.
[14] 韩昆仑.高压直流输电系统换流器与线路保护动态特性分析与整定研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.HAN Kunlun.Research on dynamic characteristic and protection setting of HVDC converter and line protection[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2013.
[15] 郑涛,王增平.超/特高压变压器差动保护关键技术与新原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:98-104.
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