粮食产销平衡区耕地非粮化负外部效益空间分布特征
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摘要
科学地测算耕地非粮化负外部效益以及分析其空间分布特征,可以为耕地非粮化负外部性问题内部化提供科学依据。以粮食产销平衡区甘肃省14个地级市(含2个自治州)为研究区,将耕地非粮化负外部效益划分为粮食安全和生态环境两大类,综合运用负外部效益测算方法,测算研究区耕地非粮化负外部效益,运用GeoDa和ArcGIS 9.2软件的空间分析功能,分析研究区耕地非粮化负外部效益的空间分布特征。结果表明:(1)研究区耕地非粮化负外部效益为271.41亿元,其中耕地非粮化粮食安全负外部效益占79.25%,耕地非粮化生态环境负外部效益占20.75%。(2)研究区不同城市耕地非粮化负外部效益差异较大,酒泉市耕地非粮化负外部效益最高,为56.68亿元,嘉峪关市最低,为1.04亿元,两者相差56倍。(3)研究区单位面积耕地非粮化负外部效益较接近的城市呈集中分布态势,其中耕地非粮化负外部效益高的城市集中分布在河西走廊灌溉农业区。(4)研究区耕地非粮化粮食安全负外部效益和耕地非粮化生态环境负外部效益的空间分异规律基本一致,呈现出西高东低,北高南低的趋势。
We took Gansu Province,which is the grain between production and marketing balance area and is consisted of 14 cities(incluging 2 Autonomous prefectures),as the study area and divided non-food cultivated land negative external benefit into two major categories of food security and ecological environment.We used the integrated application of the negative external benefit calculation method to calculate the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land of study area.We used spatial analysis function of ArcGIS 9.2 and GeoDa to analyze the clustering characteristics and differentiation trend of the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in the study area.The results show that:(1)the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in the study area is 27 billion 141 million yuan,the negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land in food security accounted for 79.25% ,and the negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land in ecological environment accounted for 20.75% ;(2)the negative externalities of non-food cultivated land in different regions of the study area were different,and the negative external benefit of cultivated land in Jiuquan City was the highest,which was 5.668 billion yuan,the lowest was found in Jiayuguan City,104 million Yuan for this city,and the difference was 56 times;(3)in space,cities which the unit negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land were closer presented the concentrated distribution trend,cities with the higher negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land concentrated in the Hexi Corridor Area of irrigated agriculture;(4)the spatial variation of safety negative external benefit and the ecological environ-ment negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in study area were basically consistent,showing the high level in the west and the low level in the east,high level in the north and low level in the south.The scientific measure for the farmland non-staple negative external benefit and analysis on its spatial distribution characteristics of farmland are non-staple negative external benefit,and studies on the new exploration for ensuring the grain safety and the rational allocation of regional agricultural land use structure have important guiding significance.
We took Gansu Province,which is the grain between production and marketing balance area and is consisted of 14 cities(incluging 2 Autonomous prefectures),as the study area and divided non-food cultivated land negative external benefit into two major categories of food security and ecological environment.We used the integrated application of the negative external benefit calculation method to calculate the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land of study area.We used spatial analysis function of ArcGIS 9.2 and GeoDa to analyze the clustering characteristics and differentiation trend of the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in the study area.The results show that:(1)the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in the study area is 27 billion 141 million yuan,the negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land in food security accounted for 79.25% ,and the negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land in ecological environment accounted for 20.75% ;(2)the negative externalities of non-food cultivated land in different regions of the study area were different,and the negative external benefit of cultivated land in Jiuquan City was the highest,which was 5.668 billion yuan,the lowest was found in Jiayuguan City,104 million Yuan for this city,and the difference was 56 times;(3)in space,cities which the unit negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land were closer presented the concentrated distribution trend,cities with the higher negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land concentrated in the Hexi Corridor Area of irrigated agriculture;(4)the spatial variation of safety negative external benefit and the ecological environ-ment negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in study area were basically consistent,showing the high level in the west and the low level in the east,high level in the north and low level in the south.The scientific measure for the farmland non-staple negative external benefit and analysis on its spatial distribution characteristics of farmland are non-staple negative external benefit,and studies on the new exploration for ensuring the grain safety and the rational allocation of regional agricultural land use structure have important guiding significance.
引文
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[16]卢李朋,张杰,张胜武,等.甘肃省粮食生产的多尺度及关联分析[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(2):397-404.
[17]孙海兵.耕地外部效益评估研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(12):330-333.
[18]吴迪梅,张从,孟凡乔.河北省污水灌溉农业环境污染经济损失评估[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,2(12):176-178.
[19]孙成胜,蔡小冬,张仁陟.基于GIS的白银区耕地耕层土壤重金属空间分异及污染评价[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(4):750-758.
[20]陈印军,方琳娜,杨俊彦.我国农田土壤污染状况及防治对策[J].中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(4):1-3.
[21]杨爱民,庞有权,李铁挣,等.水土流失经济损失计量研究评述[J].中国水土保持科学,2003,1(1):108-110.
[22]肖士恩,雷家骕.中国环境污染损失测算及成因探析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011,12(21):70-74.
[23]胡庆年,陈海棠,王浩.化学需氧量、二氧化硫排污权价格测算[J].水资源保护,2011,27(4):79-82.
[2]王雨濛.耕地利用的外部性分析与效益补偿[J].农业经济问题,2007,10(3):53-54.
[3]何蒲明,全磊.对当前耕地“非粮化”现象的分析:基于粮食安全的视角[J].长江大学学报自然科学版:石油农学,2014,11(11):73-75.
[4]哈斯巴根,佟宝全.农业地区人地系统脆弱性及其发展模式研究[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(3):601-607.
[5]李玉平,蔡运龙.确保中国粮食安全的根本途径[J].干旱区地理,2008,31(6):95-99.
[6]黎东升,曾靖.经济新常态下我国粮食安全面临的挑战[J].农业经济问题,2015(5):45-46.
[7]王勇,陈印军,易小燕,等.耕地流转中的“非粮化”问题与对策建议[J].中国农业资源与区划,2011,32(4):14-15.
[8]钱昱如,邱道持,王玲燕.基于主成分分析的流转农地用途变化动力研究[J].中国土地科学,2009,23(9):49-50.
[9]张光前.粮食安全的警钟要始终长鸣[J].中国粮食经济,2008(2):24-26.
[10]苏纪涛.浅析土地流转对粮食安全的负面影响及解决措施[J].经济研究导刊,2011(6):41-42.
[11]Chiara M T,Peter N.Valuing Environmental and health risk in agriculture:A choice experiment approach to pesticides in Italy[J].Ecological Economics,2008,67(4):598-607.
[12]马爱慧,蔡银莺,张安录.基于土地优化配置模型的耕地生态补偿框架[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(10):96-101.
[13]牛海鹏,张安录.耕地利用效益体系重构及其外部性分析[J].中国土地科学,2009,23(9):26-29.
[14]Silvia T.External effects of agricultural production in italy and environmental accounting[J].Environmental and Resource Economics,1999(13):459-472.
[15]陈艳蕊,赵凯,王志晓,等.基于CVM耕地资源利用的外部性评估:以河南省内黄县为例[J].资源科学,2011,33(3):528-531.
[16]卢李朋,张杰,张胜武,等.甘肃省粮食生产的多尺度及关联分析[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(2):397-404.
[17]孙海兵.耕地外部效益评估研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(12):330-333.
[18]吴迪梅,张从,孟凡乔.河北省污水灌溉农业环境污染经济损失评估[J].中国生态农业学报,2004,2(12):176-178.
[19]孙成胜,蔡小冬,张仁陟.基于GIS的白银区耕地耕层土壤重金属空间分异及污染评价[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(4):750-758.
[20]陈印军,方琳娜,杨俊彦.我国农田土壤污染状况及防治对策[J].中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(4):1-3.
[21]杨爱民,庞有权,李铁挣,等.水土流失经济损失计量研究评述[J].中国水土保持科学,2003,1(1):108-110.
[22]肖士恩,雷家骕.中国环境污染损失测算及成因探析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011,12(21):70-74.
[23]胡庆年,陈海棠,王浩.化学需氧量、二氧化硫排污权价格测算[J].水资源保护,2011,27(4):79-82.
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