海上特低渗碳酸盐岩油藏酸化效果分析
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摘要
针对海上某油田奥陶系潜山特低渗碳酸盐岩油藏,储层物性差,常规DST测试无产能,又难以实施人工压裂或酸压措施的问题,从油藏储集空间特点出发,提出利用酸化作业在储层中建立酸蚀人工裂缝、沟通天然微细裂缝和孔隙、改善储层渗流条件等措施,提高油井产能。经实施2口井酸化作业,酸化后日产油均达100 m3左右,且产油量稳定。分析酸化施工曲线以及试井曲线特征,选用"井筒储存+无限导流+均质油藏+无限大地层"的试井模型进行拟合,得到井筒及储层物性的各项参数,表明酸化作业能够有效沟通储层中的天然微细裂缝和孔隙,起到人工压裂或酸压措施同样的增产效果,是提高此类特低渗碳酸盐岩油藏产能的有效措施。
For the Ordovician buried-hill ultra-low permeability carbonate oil reservoir in an offshore oilfield,which is characterized by poor physical properties,the conventional DST reveals no production,and artificial fracturing or acid fracturing is infeasible. According to the characteristics of reservoir space,this paper put forward some measures such as acidizing the reservoir to create induced fractures,communicating natural micro-fractures and pores and improving reservoir seepage conditions,so as to improve the well productivity. The acidizing operation was carried out in 2 wells,revealing the stable daily oil production of 100 m3. By analyzing the characteristics of acidizing curve and well test curve,and matching with the well test model of " wellbore storage + infinite conductivity + homogeneous reservoir + infinite thick layer",the parameters of wellbore and reservoir physical property were obtained. The results show that acidizing operation can effectively communicate the natural micro-fractures and pores in the reservoir,with the same effect as artificial fracturing or acid fracturing. Therefore,acidification is an effective measure to improve the productivity of such ultra-low permeability carbonate reservoirs.
For the Ordovician buried-hill ultra-low permeability carbonate oil reservoir in an offshore oilfield,which is characterized by poor physical properties,the conventional DST reveals no production,and artificial fracturing or acid fracturing is infeasible. According to the characteristics of reservoir space,this paper put forward some measures such as acidizing the reservoir to create induced fractures,communicating natural micro-fractures and pores and improving reservoir seepage conditions,so as to improve the well productivity. The acidizing operation was carried out in 2 wells,revealing the stable daily oil production of 100 m3. By analyzing the characteristics of acidizing curve and well test curve,and matching with the well test model of " wellbore storage + infinite conductivity + homogeneous reservoir + infinite thick layer",the parameters of wellbore and reservoir physical property were obtained. The results show that acidizing operation can effectively communicate the natural micro-fractures and pores in the reservoir,with the same effect as artificial fracturing or acid fracturing. Therefore,acidification is an effective measure to improve the productivity of such ultra-low permeability carbonate reservoirs.
引文
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[13]王兴文,郭建春,赵金洲,等.碳酸盐岩储层酸化(酸压)技术与理论研究[J].特种油气藏,2004,11(4):68-73.WANG Xingwen,GUO Jianchun,ZHAO Jinzhou,et al.Acidizing(acid fracturing)technique and theoretical study for carbonate reservoir[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2004,11(4):68-73.
[14]柳明,张士诚,牟建业,等.碳酸盐岩油藏非均质性对蚓孔扩展的影响[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(5):146-150.LIU Ming,ZHANG Shicheng,MU Jianye,et al.Effect of heterogeneity in carbonate reservoirs on worm-hole propagation[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(5):146-150.
[15]王永恒.大牛地低渗透气藏压裂井试井曲线特征研究[J].油气井测试,2012,21(4):14-16.WANG Yongheng.Study on the well testing curves characteristics of fractured wells in the Daniudi low permeability gas reservoir[J].Well Testing,2012,21(4):14-16.
[16]张汝生,卢拥军,丁云宏.碳酸盐岩基质酸化/酸压裂中形成虫孔研究新进展[J].油田化学,2005,22(3):276-278.ZHANG Rusheng,LU Yongjun,DING Yunhong.New developments in understanding wormholing in carbonate formations during matrix acidizing/acid fracturing[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2005,22(3):276-278.
[17]刘能强.实用现代试井解释方法[M].第5版.北京:石油工业出版社,2008:202-223.
[18]庄惠农.气藏动态描述和试井[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:175-183.
[19]陈志海,张士诚.深层碳酸盐岩储层酸压改造后的地质效果评价---以塔河油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(6):686-690.CHEN Zhihai,ZHANG Shicheng.Evaluation of geological effects of acid-fracturing in deep carbonate reservoirs:taking the fractured:Vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield as an example[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(6):686-690.
[20]王葳,宋伟,李庆文.L2井测试资料的认识[J].油气井测试,2004,13(5):24-25.WANG Wei,SONG Wei,LI Qingwen.Acknowledge for well testing data of L2 Well[J].Well Testing,2004,13(5):24-25.
[21]魏聪,陈宝新,刘敏,等.基于反褶积技术的气井不稳定试井解释[J].油气井测试,2018,27(1):73-78.WEI Cong,CHEN Baoxin,LIU Min,et al.Interpretation of pressure transient well testing data of S Gas Well based on deconvolution technique[J].Well Testing,2018,27(1):73-78.
[2]敬路敏,夏辉,潘勇.塔河油田酸压工艺及酸压效果分析[J].油气井测试,2006,15(6):48-50.JING Lumin,XIA Hui,PAN Yong.Analysis for acidding and fracture tech in Tahe Oilfield and its effect[J].Well Testing,2006,15(6):48-50.
[3]黄建宁.长庆靖边气田碳酸盐岩储层加砂压裂工艺技术应用效果分析[J].油气井测试,2007,16(1):46-48.HUANG Jianning.Analysis for effect of adding sand fracture in carbonate rock reservoir in Changqing Jingbian Gas Field[J].Well Testing,2007,16(1):46-48.
[4]丁云宏,程兴生,王永辉,等.深井超深井碳酸盐岩储层深度改造技术---以塔里木油田为例[J].天然气工业,2009,29(9):81-84.DING Yunhong,CHENG Xingsheng,WANG Yonghui,et al.The intensive stimulation technologies of carbonate reservoirs in deep and ultra-deep wells:A case study of the Tarim Oilfield[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(9):81-84.
[5]陈志海,戴勇.深层碳酸盐岩储层酸压工艺技术现状与展望[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(1):58-61.CHEN Zhihai,DAI Yong.Actuality and outlook of acidfracturing technique in deep carbonate formation[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2005,33(1):58-61.
[6]郜国喜,田东江,牛新年,等.碳酸盐岩储层酸压停泵压降特征与缝洞规模关系[J].断块油气田,2013,20(5):652-655.GAO Guoxi,TIAN Dongjiang,NIU Xinnian,et al.Relationship of pump-stopping pressure drop characteristics of acid fracturing and hole size for carbonate reservoirs[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2013,20(5):652-655.
[7]刘辉,袁学芳,周理志,等.缝洞性碳酸盐岩储层酸压效果影响因素研究[J].钻采工艺,2013,36(1):53-55.LIU Hui,YUAN Xuefang,ZHOU Lizhi,et al.Factors of affecting the acid fracturing effect in fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2013,36(1):53-55.
[8]龚蔚.复杂岩性油气藏特殊酸压(酸化)技术[J].特种油气藏,2009,16(6):1-4.GONG Wei.Special acid fracturing(acidizing)techniques for complex lithology reservoirs[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(6):1-4.
[9]田东江,牛新年,郜国玺,等.哈拉哈塘区块碳酸盐岩储集层酸压改造评价方法[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(2):236-238.TIAN Dongjiang,NIU Xinnian,GAO Guoxi,et al.Evaluation method for acid fracturing in carbonate reservoirs of Halahatang Block in Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2012,33(2):236-238.
[10]王永辉,李永平,程兴生,等.高温深层碳酸盐岩储层酸化压裂改造技术[J].石油学报,2012,33(S2):166-173.WANG Yonghui,LI Yongping,CHENG Xingsheng,et al.A new acid fracturing technique for carbonate reservoirs with high-temperature and deep layer[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(S2):166-173.
[11]宋刚.酸压对塔河油田碳酸盐岩储集层的影响因素[J].新疆石油地质,2013,20(1):101-103.SONG Gang.Factors affecting the acid fracturing effect on carbonate reservoir in Tahe Oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2013,20(1):101-103.
[12]耿宇迪,张烨,韩忠艳,等.塔河油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏水平井酸压技术[J].新疆石油地,2011,32(1):89-91.GENG Yudi,ZHANG Ye,HAN Zhongyan,et al.Acid fracturing technique for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir by horizontal well process in Tahe Oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2011,32(1):89-91.
[13]王兴文,郭建春,赵金洲,等.碳酸盐岩储层酸化(酸压)技术与理论研究[J].特种油气藏,2004,11(4):68-73.WANG Xingwen,GUO Jianchun,ZHAO Jinzhou,et al.Acidizing(acid fracturing)technique and theoretical study for carbonate reservoir[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2004,11(4):68-73.
[14]柳明,张士诚,牟建业,等.碳酸盐岩油藏非均质性对蚓孔扩展的影响[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(5):146-150.LIU Ming,ZHANG Shicheng,MU Jianye,et al.Effect of heterogeneity in carbonate reservoirs on worm-hole propagation[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(5):146-150.
[15]王永恒.大牛地低渗透气藏压裂井试井曲线特征研究[J].油气井测试,2012,21(4):14-16.WANG Yongheng.Study on the well testing curves characteristics of fractured wells in the Daniudi low permeability gas reservoir[J].Well Testing,2012,21(4):14-16.
[16]张汝生,卢拥军,丁云宏.碳酸盐岩基质酸化/酸压裂中形成虫孔研究新进展[J].油田化学,2005,22(3):276-278.ZHANG Rusheng,LU Yongjun,DING Yunhong.New developments in understanding wormholing in carbonate formations during matrix acidizing/acid fracturing[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2005,22(3):276-278.
[17]刘能强.实用现代试井解释方法[M].第5版.北京:石油工业出版社,2008:202-223.
[18]庄惠农.气藏动态描述和试井[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:175-183.
[19]陈志海,张士诚.深层碳酸盐岩储层酸压改造后的地质效果评价---以塔河油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(6):686-690.CHEN Zhihai,ZHANG Shicheng.Evaluation of geological effects of acid-fracturing in deep carbonate reservoirs:taking the fractured:Vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield as an example[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(6):686-690.
[20]王葳,宋伟,李庆文.L2井测试资料的认识[J].油气井测试,2004,13(5):24-25.WANG Wei,SONG Wei,LI Qingwen.Acknowledge for well testing data of L2 Well[J].Well Testing,2004,13(5):24-25.
[21]魏聪,陈宝新,刘敏,等.基于反褶积技术的气井不稳定试井解释[J].油气井测试,2018,27(1):73-78.WEI Cong,CHEN Baoxin,LIU Min,et al.Interpretation of pressure transient well testing data of S Gas Well based on deconvolution technique[J].Well Testing,2018,27(1):73-78.