姚莹边疆史地著述的文献来源与特点
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摘要
姚莹是嘉道之际桐城经世派的代表,也是近代边疆史地研究的巨擘。《识小录》《东槎纪略》和《康輶纪行》堪称其边疆史地研究三部曲,分别代表了姚莹对中国西北与西南陆疆、东南海疆和世界地理的多角度关注。其史地著作注重对史料的遴选及史实的考证,在文献来源上表现出类型多样、不拘旧俗的特征。同时善用各种文献"详考博证"、力求"言皆征实"、提倡"以所亲历考证所闻"是姚莹史地著作编撰中处理史料的基本原则和特点。
Yao Ying was one of representative figures of the Tongcheng Statecraft School, and also was a great master on the research of history and geography of frontier. Shi Xiao Lu, Dong Cha Ji Lve and Kangyou Travel Notes could be called a trilogy of his related researches, and respectively represented Yao Ying's multi-angle attention on northwest and southwest land frontier of China, southeast sea frontier of China and world geography. Yao Ying's works of history and geography laid stress on the selection of historical materials and the textual research of historical facts, and were characterized by varied types and free from old customs. Meanwhile, he was good at using various literatures to make detailed research, strived to speak with evidence, and advocated"to witness and verify what one had heard", which also were the basic principles and characteristics of historical materials treatment in Yao Ying's compilation of historical works.
Yao Ying was one of representative figures of the Tongcheng Statecraft School, and also was a great master on the research of history and geography of frontier. Shi Xiao Lu, Dong Cha Ji Lve and Kangyou Travel Notes could be called a trilogy of his related researches, and respectively represented Yao Ying's multi-angle attention on northwest and southwest land frontier of China, southeast sea frontier of China and world geography. Yao Ying's works of history and geography laid stress on the selection of historical materials and the textual research of historical facts, and were characterized by varied types and free from old customs. Meanwhile, he was good at using various literatures to make detailed research, strived to speak with evidence, and advocated"to witness and verify what one had heard", which also were the basic principles and characteristics of historical materials treatment in Yao Ying's compilation of historical works.
引文
[1]施立业.姚莹与桐城经世派的兴起[J].清史研究,2004(2):27-33.
[2](清)姚莹.康輶纪行·东槎纪略[M].合肥:黄山书社,1990.
[3]陈进忠.姚莹和他的历史地理著作[J].文史杂志,1989(1):8-10.
[4]丁立中.八千卷楼书目:卷八[M].北京:北京图书馆出版社,2009.
[5]程仁桃.《东槎纪略》与姚莹[J].中国地方志,2013(6):56-59.
[6]来新夏.姚莹的边疆史地研究[J].津图学刊,1995(2):27-30.
[7](清)姚濬昌.姚莹年谱[M]//姚莹.中复堂全集(附录).同治六年安福县署刻本.
[8]施立业.姚莹年谱[M].合肥:黄山书社,2004:52.
[9](清)姚莹.识小录·寸阴丛录[M].合肥:黄山书社,1991.
[10](清)魏源.海国图志:卷二十一[M].光绪二年魏光焘平庆泾固道署刻本.
[11](清)马少云,盛梅溪.卫藏图识[M]//沈云龙.近代中国史料丛刊(561).台湾:文海出版社,1970.
[12](清)何秋涛.朔方备乘:卷四十[M].光绪七年畿辅通志局刊本.
[13](清)姚莹.东溟文后集:卷八[M].同治六年安福县署刻本.
[14]王俊义.顾炎武与清代考据学[J].贵州社会科学,1997(2):83-89.
[15]郭康松.论清代考据学的学术规范[J].清史研究,1999(3):65-69.
[16]张承宗.《康輶纪行》与姚莹的治学特点[J].苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1984(2):122-125.
(1)参见(清)朱书《游历记》、(清)姚鼐《新修江宁府志》、许结《〈桐旧集〉与桐城诗学》,程章灿《中国古代文学文献学国际学术研讨会论文集》,凤凰出版社2006年版、许结《从〈桐旧集〉到〈耆旧传〉》,《文献》2011年第3期.
(2)参见章永俊《鸦片战争前后中国边疆史地学思潮研究》,黄山书社2009年版.
[2](清)姚莹.康輶纪行·东槎纪略[M].合肥:黄山书社,1990.
[3]陈进忠.姚莹和他的历史地理著作[J].文史杂志,1989(1):8-10.
[4]丁立中.八千卷楼书目:卷八[M].北京:北京图书馆出版社,2009.
[5]程仁桃.《东槎纪略》与姚莹[J].中国地方志,2013(6):56-59.
[6]来新夏.姚莹的边疆史地研究[J].津图学刊,1995(2):27-30.
[7](清)姚濬昌.姚莹年谱[M]//姚莹.中复堂全集(附录).同治六年安福县署刻本.
[8]施立业.姚莹年谱[M].合肥:黄山书社,2004:52.
[9](清)姚莹.识小录·寸阴丛录[M].合肥:黄山书社,1991.
[10](清)魏源.海国图志:卷二十一[M].光绪二年魏光焘平庆泾固道署刻本.
[11](清)马少云,盛梅溪.卫藏图识[M]//沈云龙.近代中国史料丛刊(561).台湾:文海出版社,1970.
[12](清)何秋涛.朔方备乘:卷四十[M].光绪七年畿辅通志局刊本.
[13](清)姚莹.东溟文后集:卷八[M].同治六年安福县署刻本.
[14]王俊义.顾炎武与清代考据学[J].贵州社会科学,1997(2):83-89.
[15]郭康松.论清代考据学的学术规范[J].清史研究,1999(3):65-69.
[16]张承宗.《康輶纪行》与姚莹的治学特点[J].苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1984(2):122-125.
(1)参见(清)朱书《游历记》、(清)姚鼐《新修江宁府志》、许结《〈桐旧集〉与桐城诗学》,程章灿《中国古代文学文献学国际学术研讨会论文集》,凤凰出版社2006年版、许结《从〈桐旧集〉到〈耆旧传〉》,《文献》2011年第3期.
(2)参见章永俊《鸦片战争前后中国边疆史地学思潮研究》,黄山书社2009年版.