环氧树脂/氮化硼微纳米复合材料的导热与电气绝缘性能研究
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摘要
以环氧树脂(EP)为基体,采用行星共混法制备了不同质量分数的微米BN/EP复合材料(EPM)和纳米BN/EP复合材料(EPN),分析了BN微、纳米填料对复合材料导热性能和电气绝缘性能的影响及其机理。结果表明:相同的BN质量分数下,EPN比EPM具有更高的热导率。EPM和EPN的电气强度随BN质量分数的提高先增大后减小,在相同BN质量分数下,EPN比EPM具有更高的电气强度;EP、EPN以及EPM的介电常数(εr)和介质损耗因数(tanδ)均随温度的升高而增大;同一温度下,EPM和EPN的εr均大于EP,而tanδ均小于EP。在80℃以下,EPM和EPN与EP的电导率相差不大;而在80℃以上,EPM和EPN的电导率显著低于EP,并且相同BN质量分数的EPN电导率明显低于EPM。BN微纳米填料的填充可显著提高环氧树脂的导热性能和高温下的电气绝缘性能。
Using epoxy resin(EP) as the matrix, micro BN/EP composites(EPM) and nano BN/EP composites(EPN) with different mass fractions of BN were prepared by planetary blending method. The effects and its mechanism of micro and nano BN fillers on the thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties of composite were analyzed. The results show that under the same mass fraction of BN,the thermal conductivity of EPN is higher than that of EPM. With the increase of the mass fraction of BN, the electric strength of EPM and EPN increases firstly and then decreases, and the electric strength of EPN is higher than that of EPM with the same mass fraction of BN. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of EP, EPN, and EPM increase with temperature, under the same temperature, the dielectric constant of EPM and EPN is higher than that of EP, while the dielectric loss factor of EPM and EPN is less than that of EP. When the temperature is below 80 ℃, the electrical conductivity of EPM and EPN is close to that of EP; when the temperature is above 80 ℃, the electrical conductivity of EPM and EPN is significantly lower than that of EP, and the electrical conductivity of EPN is significantly lower than that of EPM with the same mass fraction of BN. It is proved that the filling of microand nano BN can improve the thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties at high temperature of EP.
Using epoxy resin(EP) as the matrix, micro BN/EP composites(EPM) and nano BN/EP composites(EPN) with different mass fractions of BN were prepared by planetary blending method. The effects and its mechanism of micro and nano BN fillers on the thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties of composite were analyzed. The results show that under the same mass fraction of BN,the thermal conductivity of EPN is higher than that of EPM. With the increase of the mass fraction of BN, the electric strength of EPM and EPN increases firstly and then decreases, and the electric strength of EPN is higher than that of EPM with the same mass fraction of BN. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of EP, EPN, and EPM increase with temperature, under the same temperature, the dielectric constant of EPM and EPN is higher than that of EP, while the dielectric loss factor of EPM and EPN is less than that of EP. When the temperature is below 80 ℃, the electrical conductivity of EPM and EPN is close to that of EP; when the temperature is above 80 ℃, the electrical conductivity of EPM and EPN is significantly lower than that of EP, and the electrical conductivity of EPN is significantly lower than that of EPM with the same mass fraction of BN. It is proved that the filling of microand nano BN can improve the thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties at high temperature of EP.
引文
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[18]朱兴松,刘立柱,张国伟,等.环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的介电性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2005,38(2):27-29.
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[20]张晓虹,高俊国,郭宁,等.纳米蒙脱土对聚乙烯击穿和电导特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2009,35(1):129-134.
[2] HUANG X Y, JIANG P K, TANAKA T. A review of dielectric polymer composites with high thermal conductivity[J]. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine,2011,27(4):8-16.
[3] GOHY J F, VANHOOME P, JEROME R. Synthesis and preliminary characterization of model liquid crystalline iono-mers[J]. Macromolecules,1996,29(10):3376-3383.
[4]王旗,李喆,尹毅.微、纳米无机颗粒/环氧树脂复合材料击穿强度性能[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(12):230-235.
[5] HONG J P, YOON S W, HWANG T, et al. High thermal conductivity epoxy composites with bimodal distribution of aluminum nitride and boron nitride fillers[J]. Thermochimica Acta,2012,537:70-75.
[6] WATTANAKUL K, MANUSPIYA H, YANUMET N. The adsorption of cationic surfactants on BN surface:Its effects on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of BN-epoxy composite[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2010,369(1):203-210.
[7]张秀菊,李波,林志丹,等.电子封装用复合导热绝缘环氧胶粘剂的研制[J].绝缘材料,2009,42(1):1-4.
[8] ZHU B L, MA J, WU J, et al. Study on the properties of the epoxy-matrix composites filled with thermally conductive AlN and BN ceramic particles[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2010,118(5):2754-2764.
[9] PARK J M, KIM H Y, SUNG B M, et al. Epoxy resin, epoxy resin compound comprising the same, and radiant heat circuit board using the compound:US9000071B2[P].2015-04-07.
[10]周文英,丁小卫.导热高分子材料[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014:256-260.
[11]王旗,李喆,尹毅,等.微/纳米氧化铝/环氧树脂复合材料热导率和击穿强度的研究[J].绝缘材料,2013,46(2):49-52.
[12]杜伯学,崔彬,徐航,等.聚乙烯/氮化硼高导热复合材料的耐电弧性和介电性能[J].高电压技术,2018,44(5):1412-1420.
[13]刘松,田付强,王毅,等.聚酰亚胺基BN微纳米复合材料的电气绝缘性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2017,50(2):24-29.
[14] TAKADA T, HAYASE Y, TANAKA Y. Space charge trapping in electrical potential well caused by permanent and induced dipoles for LDPE/MgO nanocomposite[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2008,15(1):152-160.
[15] LI Z, OKAMOTO K, OHKI Y, et al. Effects of nano-filler addition on partial discharge resistance and dielectric breakdown strength of micro-Al2O3epoxy composite[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2010,17(3):653-661.
[16]张明艳,孙婷婷,张晓虹,等.蒙脱土改性环氧树脂复合材料的制备及性能研究[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(4):29-34.
[17]吉雅坤,李卫国,张翀,等.低温环境下环氧树脂氧化铝复合材料的介电性能变化规律研究[J].绝缘材料,2018,51(2):35-38.
[18]朱兴松,刘立柱,张国伟,等.环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的介电性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2005,38(2):27-29.
[19]郭文敏.聚乙烯/无极填料复合材料非线性电导特性及机理研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2010.
[20]张晓虹,高俊国,郭宁,等.纳米蒙脱土对聚乙烯击穿和电导特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2009,35(1):129-134.
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