直流偏磁下叠片铁心磁致伸缩的实验测试与分析
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摘要
电工钢片磁致伸缩效应是引起变压器铁心振动,并产生噪声的主要原因之一,直流偏磁的存在加剧了铁心的磁致伸缩形变。基于爱泼斯坦方圈装置开发了电工钢片叠片结构磁致伸缩特性测量系统,测量并分析了取向电工钢片叠片结构在不同直流偏磁磁场、磁化角度及磁化强度下磁致伸缩主应变大小和方向的变化情况,对比分析了单片电工钢片与其叠片结构磁致伸缩特性的差异,讨论了直流偏磁磁场对叠片结构磁致伸缩特性的影响,并建立了材料磁致伸缩特性数据库。基于上述测量数据,计算了直流偏磁下单相变压器铁心模型的磁致伸缩应变,并与实测值进行了对比验证,为直流偏磁下变压器铁心振动噪声的研究奠定基础。
Magnetostrictive phenomenon in electrical steel sheets is one of main reasons bring about the vibration of transformer cores and corresponding noise, and the presence of DC bias makes the magnetostrictive deformation serious. In this paper, the magnetostrictive measurement system for laminated configuration of electrical steel was developed based on Epstein frame setup. The magnitude and direction of the principal strain of magnetostriction of laminated configurations of grain-oriented electrical steel was measured and analyzed when applying several DC bias values, magnetization magnitudes and magnetization angles. The difference of magnetostrictive strain between a single sheet and laminated configuration was compared, and the influences of DC bias magnetic field on the magnetostrictive properties in the laminated configuration were discussed. A magnetostrictive property database about the material was built. Based on the database, the magnetostrictive strain in a single-phase transformer core was computed and verified with the experimental data, which provides a basis for the further research on the vibration and noise of transformer cores under DC bias.
Magnetostrictive phenomenon in electrical steel sheets is one of main reasons bring about the vibration of transformer cores and corresponding noise, and the presence of DC bias makes the magnetostrictive deformation serious. In this paper, the magnetostrictive measurement system for laminated configuration of electrical steel was developed based on Epstein frame setup. The magnitude and direction of the principal strain of magnetostriction of laminated configurations of grain-oriented electrical steel was measured and analyzed when applying several DC bias values, magnetization magnitudes and magnetization angles. The difference of magnetostrictive strain between a single sheet and laminated configuration was compared, and the influences of DC bias magnetic field on the magnetostrictive properties in the laminated configuration were discussed. A magnetostrictive property database about the material was built. Based on the database, the magnetostrictive strain in a single-phase transformer core was computed and verified with the experimental data, which provides a basis for the further research on the vibration and noise of transformer cores under DC bias.
引文
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[13]Pawel W,Krzysztof M.The influence of magnetic anisotropy on magnetostriction forces and vibration in three-phase three-limb transformers[J].International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2016,51(4):419-429.
[14]Moses A J,Anderson P I,Phophongviwat T.Localized surface vibration and acoustic noise emitted from laboratory-scale transformer cores assembled from grain-oriented electrical steel[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2016,52(10):1-15.
[15]祝丽花,杨庆新,闫荣格,等.考虑磁致伸缩效应电力变压器振动噪声的研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(4):1-7.Zhu Lihua,Yang Qingxin,Yan Rongge,et al.Research on vibration and noise of power transformer cores including magnetostriction effects[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(4):1-7(in Chinese).
[16]Gong W,Zhang Z,Hou R,et al.Magnetostriction and the influence of harmonics in flux density in electrical steel[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1-4.
[17]张黎,王国政,董攀婷,等.基于磁致伸缩本征特性的晶粒取向性变压器铁心振动模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3990-4000.Zhang Li,Wang Guozheng,Dong Panting,et al.Study on the vibration of grain-oriented transformer core based on the magnetostrictive intrinsic characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3990-4000(in Chinese).
[18]张艳丽,王佳音,白保东,等.直流偏磁磁场对硅钢片磁致伸缩特性的影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4299-4306.Zhang Yanli,Wang Jiayin,Bai Baodong,et al.Influence analysis of DC biased magnetic field on magnetostrictive characteristics of silicon steel sheet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(15):4299-4306(in Chinese).
[19]李强.基于三轴应变片测量的电工钢片矢量磁致伸缩特性研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2016.Li Qiang.Study on vector magnetostrictive properties of electrical steel sheet based on three-axial strain gauge measurement[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2016(in Chinese).
[2]李晓萍,文习山,蓝磊,等.单相变压器直流偏磁试验与仿真[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(9):33-40.Li Xiaoping,Wen Xishan,Lan Lei,et al.Test and simulation of single phase transformer under DC bias[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(9):33-40(in Chinese).
[3]李泓志,崔翔,卢铁兵,等.变压器直流偏磁的电路-磁路模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(27):119-125.Li Hongzhi,Cui Xiang,Lu Tiebing,et al.Circuitmagnetic circuit model of transformer under DC bias[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(27):119-125(in Chinese).
[4]Ghalamestani S G,Vandevelde L,Dirckx J J J,et al.Magnetostriction and the influence of higher harmonics in the magnetic field[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2012,48(11):3981-3984.
[5]郭贻诚.铁磁学(重排本)[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2014:439-450.Guo Yicheng.Ferromagnetism(rearranged edition)[M].Beijing:Peking University Press,2014:439-450(in Chinese).
[6]Shahaj A,Garver S D.A possible method of magnetostriction reduction in vibration in large electrical machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(2):374-385.
[7]Bartoletti C,Desiderio M,Carlo D D,et al.Vibro-acoustic techniques to diagnose power transformers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(1):221-229.
[8]Kitagawa W,Ishihara Y,Todaka T,et al.Analysis of structural deformation and vibration of a transformer core by using magnetic property of magnetostriction[J].Electrical Engineering in Japan,2010,172(1):19-26.
[9]Zhu L,Yoon H S,Um D J,et al.Finite-Element analysis of magnetostriction force in power transformer based on the measurement of anisotropic magnetostriction of highly grain-oriented electrical steel sheet[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,52(3):1-4.
[10]Somkun S,Moses A J,Anderson P I.Magnetostriction in grain-oriented electrical steels under AC magnetisation at angles to the rolling direction[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2016,10(9):932-938.
[11]Weiser B,Pfützner H,Anger J.Relevance of magnetostriction and forces for the generation of audible noise of transformer cores[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2000,36(5):3759-3777.
[12]Mizokami M,Kurosaki Y.Variation of noise and magnetostriction associated with joint types of transformer core[J].IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals&Materials,2016,134(5):334-339.
[13]Pawel W,Krzysztof M.The influence of magnetic anisotropy on magnetostriction forces and vibration in three-phase three-limb transformers[J].International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics,2016,51(4):419-429.
[14]Moses A J,Anderson P I,Phophongviwat T.Localized surface vibration and acoustic noise emitted from laboratory-scale transformer cores assembled from grain-oriented electrical steel[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2016,52(10):1-15.
[15]祝丽花,杨庆新,闫荣格,等.考虑磁致伸缩效应电力变压器振动噪声的研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(4):1-7.Zhu Lihua,Yang Qingxin,Yan Rongge,et al.Research on vibration and noise of power transformer cores including magnetostriction effects[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(4):1-7(in Chinese).
[16]Gong W,Zhang Z,Hou R,et al.Magnetostriction and the influence of harmonics in flux density in electrical steel[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1-4.
[17]张黎,王国政,董攀婷,等.基于磁致伸缩本征特性的晶粒取向性变压器铁心振动模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3990-4000.Zhang Li,Wang Guozheng,Dong Panting,et al.Study on the vibration of grain-oriented transformer core based on the magnetostrictive intrinsic characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3990-4000(in Chinese).
[18]张艳丽,王佳音,白保东,等.直流偏磁磁场对硅钢片磁致伸缩特性的影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4299-4306.Zhang Yanli,Wang Jiayin,Bai Baodong,et al.Influence analysis of DC biased magnetic field on magnetostrictive characteristics of silicon steel sheet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(15):4299-4306(in Chinese).
[19]李强.基于三轴应变片测量的电工钢片矢量磁致伸缩特性研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2016.Li Qiang.Study on vector magnetostrictive properties of electrical steel sheet based on three-axial strain gauge measurement[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2016(in Chinese).
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