地肤子中地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量变异规律与优良种质筛选
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摘要
目的:为地肤子质量控制与资源利用提供依据。方法:收集陕西、吉林、浙江、山东等8省23份地肤子种质资源,用HPLC-ELSD测定地肤子中地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量,并分析其与产地、生长性状、生境因子间的相关性,用SPSS 23. 0进行主成分分析与聚类分析,筛选优良种质。结果:HPLC-ELSD检测地肤子皂苷Ⅰc在29. 8～178. 8 mg·L~(-1)与峰面积线性关系良好,线性方程为Y=3. 864 8X+43. 40(R2=0. 999 8),定量限为5. 79 mg·L~(-1),检测限为2. 36 mg·L~(-1);不同产地间地肤子中地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量存在极显著差异(P <0. 01),供试样品地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量均满足2015年版《中国药典》规定的不低于1. 80%的标准;产地、生长性状、生境因子影响地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量积累,地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量与株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽、果实直径、经度呈负相关关系,与叶长宽比、海拔、纬度呈正相关关系,陕西、吉林、山东种质含量较高,湖南种质含量次之;供试性状可简化为4个主成分,累计贡献率达95. 831%;聚类分析可将23个地肤子种质划分为4个类群,其中类群Ⅰ地肤子生长性状优良,类群Ⅲ地肤子中地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量较高。结论:该试验建立的HPLC-ELSD可快速检测地肤子中地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量,操作简便,准确度高,重复性好,可用于地肤子药材质量评价;低经度、高纬度、高海拔地区栽培地肤子有利于地肤子皂苷Ⅰc含量积累;地肤子良种选育可优先在陕西、浙江种质中选择。
Objective: To provide evidence and lay a foundation for quality control and resources utilization of Kochiae Fructus. Method: A total of 23 samples of Kochiae Fructus were collected from the main distribution areas in China. Momordin Ⅰ c content was determined via HPLC-ELSD method,and its correlation with growth traits and habitat factors was analyzed using SPSS 23. 0 software,as well as the principle component and clustering analysis. Result: Momordin Ⅰ c content had a benign linear relationship with HPLC-ELSD peak area within the range between 29. 8 mg·L~(-1) and 178. 8 mg·L~(-1)( R2= 0. 999 8),with the quantitation limit at5. 79 mg·L~(-1) and the detection limit at 2. 36 mg·L~(-1). Significant differences( P < 0. 01) were found in momordinⅠc contents among 23 Kochiae Fructus germplasms. According to momordin Ⅰc content,all samples tested met the requirements in the Chinese Pharmacopeia published in 2015. Origin,growth traits,and habitat factors could impact momordin Ⅰc content accumulation in Kochiae Fructus. Moreover,the content had a negative correlation with plant height,stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,fruit diameter and longitude,and a positive correlation with ratio of length to width of leaves,altitude and latitude. Those from Shanxi,Jilin,and Shandong provinces had a higher momordin Ⅰc content. The characters tested could be simplified to four principle components,and their cumulative contribution rate was 95. 831%. Kochiae Fructus samples tested could be divided into four groups,and those from group Ⅰ had superior growth traits,and those from group Ⅲ had higher momordin Ⅰc content.Conclusion: The optimized HPLC-ELSD method for determining momordin Ⅰ c content of Kochiae Fructus is convenient,accurate and reproducible,and could be used to control the herbs quality. Those cultivated in a lower longitude,higher altitude, and higher latitude region could accumulate more momordin Ⅰ c content. More attention shall be paid to germplasm in Shanxi and Zhejiang with superior resources screening of Kochiae Fructus.
Objective: To provide evidence and lay a foundation for quality control and resources utilization of Kochiae Fructus. Method: A total of 23 samples of Kochiae Fructus were collected from the main distribution areas in China. Momordin Ⅰ c content was determined via HPLC-ELSD method,and its correlation with growth traits and habitat factors was analyzed using SPSS 23. 0 software,as well as the principle component and clustering analysis. Result: Momordin Ⅰ c content had a benign linear relationship with HPLC-ELSD peak area within the range between 29. 8 mg·L~(-1) and 178. 8 mg·L~(-1)( R2= 0. 999 8),with the quantitation limit at5. 79 mg·L~(-1) and the detection limit at 2. 36 mg·L~(-1). Significant differences( P < 0. 01) were found in momordinⅠc contents among 23 Kochiae Fructus germplasms. According to momordin Ⅰc content,all samples tested met the requirements in the Chinese Pharmacopeia published in 2015. Origin,growth traits,and habitat factors could impact momordin Ⅰc content accumulation in Kochiae Fructus. Moreover,the content had a negative correlation with plant height,stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,fruit diameter and longitude,and a positive correlation with ratio of length to width of leaves,altitude and latitude. Those from Shanxi,Jilin,and Shandong provinces had a higher momordin Ⅰc content. The characters tested could be simplified to four principle components,and their cumulative contribution rate was 95. 831%. Kochiae Fructus samples tested could be divided into four groups,and those from group Ⅰ had superior growth traits,and those from group Ⅲ had higher momordin Ⅰc content.Conclusion: The optimized HPLC-ELSD method for determining momordin Ⅰ c content of Kochiae Fructus is convenient,accurate and reproducible,and could be used to control the herbs quality. Those cultivated in a lower longitude,higher altitude, and higher latitude region could accumulate more momordin Ⅰ c content. More attention shall be paid to germplasm in Shanxi and Zhejiang with superior resources screening of Kochiae Fructus.
引文
[1]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.一部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:123-124.
[2]邵荣杰,邵世宏.地肤的各药用部位药用价值研究进展[J].中草药,2015,46(23):3605-3610.
[3]卢向红,徐向东,付红伟,等.地肤子化学成分的研究[J].中国药学杂志,2012,47(5):338-342.
[4]蒋剑平,沈小青,范海珠.地肤子化学成分及药理活性研究进展[J].中华中医药学刊,2011,29(12):2704-2706.
[5]徐云辉,黄浩,郭兆霞,等.地肤子抗真菌化学成分研究[J].中成药,2012,34(9):1726-1729.
[6]林秀仙,李菁,张淑华,等.地肤子超临界CO2萃取物抗阴道滴虫药效学研究[J].中药材,2005,28(1):44-45.
[7]戴岳,黄罗生,冯国雄,等.地肤子对单核巨噬系统及迟发型超敏反应的抑制作用[J].中国药科大学学报,1994,25(1):44-48.
[8] Matsuda H,DAI Y,Ido Y,et al. Studies on kochiae fructus.Ⅳ. Anti-allergic effects of 70%ethanol extract and its component,momordin Ic from dried fruits of Kochia scoparia L.[J]. Biol Pharm Bull,1997,20(11):1165-1170.
[9]戴岳,刘学英.地肤子总甙降糖作用的研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2002,21(5):36-38.
[10]韩璐.地肤子抑菌成分的提取分离及抑菌作用研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2015.
[11]路洪顺,王曼.地肤的利用价值和栽培技术[J].中国林副特产,2001,59(4):39.
[12]戴岳,夏玉凤,杨丽.地肤子正丁醇部分对小鼠小肠运动的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2004,20(5):18-20.
[13]张竞怡,王文杰,史欢,等.地肤子中总黄酮提取工艺及其抗氧化性研究[J].浙江农业科学,2011,1(6):1340-1342,1344.
[14]夏玉凤,王强,徐德然,等.高效液相色谱法测定地肤子中地肤子皂苷Ⅰc的含量[J].中国药科大学学报,2002,33(3):216-218.
[15]夏玉凤,王强,戴岳,等.不同产地地肤子中皂苷的含量分析[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(12):890-893.
[16]刘威,龚伟,张嵩,等.基于多元统计分析的鹿茸品质评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2018,24(14):57-62.
[17]裴莉昕,纪宝玉,陈随清,等.河南不同产地商陆药材质量分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(2):48-52.
[18]肖作奇,文晓柯,欧阳波,等. HPLC法测定地肤子中芦丁和槲皮素的含量[J].中国医药导报,2016,13(21):146-148,152.
[19]李培源,卢汝梅,苏炜,等.地肤子总黄酮含量测定及其抗氧化活性[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(7):1802-1804.
[2]邵荣杰,邵世宏.地肤的各药用部位药用价值研究进展[J].中草药,2015,46(23):3605-3610.
[3]卢向红,徐向东,付红伟,等.地肤子化学成分的研究[J].中国药学杂志,2012,47(5):338-342.
[4]蒋剑平,沈小青,范海珠.地肤子化学成分及药理活性研究进展[J].中华中医药学刊,2011,29(12):2704-2706.
[5]徐云辉,黄浩,郭兆霞,等.地肤子抗真菌化学成分研究[J].中成药,2012,34(9):1726-1729.
[6]林秀仙,李菁,张淑华,等.地肤子超临界CO2萃取物抗阴道滴虫药效学研究[J].中药材,2005,28(1):44-45.
[7]戴岳,黄罗生,冯国雄,等.地肤子对单核巨噬系统及迟发型超敏反应的抑制作用[J].中国药科大学学报,1994,25(1):44-48.
[8] Matsuda H,DAI Y,Ido Y,et al. Studies on kochiae fructus.Ⅳ. Anti-allergic effects of 70%ethanol extract and its component,momordin Ic from dried fruits of Kochia scoparia L.[J]. Biol Pharm Bull,1997,20(11):1165-1170.
[9]戴岳,刘学英.地肤子总甙降糖作用的研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2002,21(5):36-38.
[10]韩璐.地肤子抑菌成分的提取分离及抑菌作用研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2015.
[11]路洪顺,王曼.地肤的利用价值和栽培技术[J].中国林副特产,2001,59(4):39.
[12]戴岳,夏玉凤,杨丽.地肤子正丁醇部分对小鼠小肠运动的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2004,20(5):18-20.
[13]张竞怡,王文杰,史欢,等.地肤子中总黄酮提取工艺及其抗氧化性研究[J].浙江农业科学,2011,1(6):1340-1342,1344.
[14]夏玉凤,王强,徐德然,等.高效液相色谱法测定地肤子中地肤子皂苷Ⅰc的含量[J].中国药科大学学报,2002,33(3):216-218.
[15]夏玉凤,王强,戴岳,等.不同产地地肤子中皂苷的含量分析[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(12):890-893.
[16]刘威,龚伟,张嵩,等.基于多元统计分析的鹿茸品质评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2018,24(14):57-62.
[17]裴莉昕,纪宝玉,陈随清,等.河南不同产地商陆药材质量分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(2):48-52.
[18]肖作奇,文晓柯,欧阳波,等. HPLC法测定地肤子中芦丁和槲皮素的含量[J].中国医药导报,2016,13(21):146-148,152.
[19]李培源,卢汝梅,苏炜,等.地肤子总黄酮含量测定及其抗氧化活性[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(7):1802-1804.