正常蒙古族青年大学生耳郭解剖学参数的数字化测量
|
摘要
目的通过数字化三维重建与测量分析正常蒙古族青年大学生耳郭参数,为耳郭再造术、外伤性耳缺损和法医伤残鉴定提供参考依据。方法对32名蒙古族青年大学生采用三维扫描仪进行耳郭三维扫描。筛选出59例(左侧28例,右侧31例)正常耳郭,根据人体测量学利用软件测量耳郭形态耳长、宽,容貌耳长、宽,耳垂长、宽并对其进行相关性分析。结果 59例正常蒙古族青年大学生耳郭形态耳长(25. 72±2. 64) mm、形态耳宽(49. 73±5. 18) mm、容貌耳长(60. 06±4. 89) mm、容貌耳宽(28. 68±3. 25) mm、耳垂长(15. 71±2. 67) mm、耳垂宽(20. 45±2. 92) mm,计算出形态耳指数194. 98±26. 03、容貌耳指数47. 91±5. 36。结论耳郭对称性良好,耳郭容貌耳长在性别上存在差异(P<0. 05),蒙古族青年大学生男性容貌耳长大于女性。蒙古族与不同地区汉族存在差异(P<0. 05),蒙古族青年大学生容貌耳长大于中国西北汉族,蒙古族青年大学生容貌耳长与四川汉族相近。20～29岁河南汉族男性容貌耳长大于本文20～22岁男性容貌耳长。蒙古族青年大学生男性容貌耳长大于中国西北汉族男性的。蒙古族青年大学生容貌耳长与20岁南方汉族相近。贵州屯堡汉族男性容貌耳长大于本研究(20～22岁)蒙古族青年大学生容貌耳长。蒙古族青年大学生男女均大于印度西北部人群容貌耳长。高加索人男性容貌耳长大于蒙古族青年男性大学生容貌耳长。
Objective To proform the digital three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement analysis of the normal Mongolian young students' digital anatomical features so to provide anatomical parameters for auricle reconstruction surgery,data measurement for traumatic ear defects,and provide basic data for forensic disability identification. Methods A total of 32 Mongolian college students used the Artec Spider 3 D scanner to perform a three-dimensional scan of the auricle. The 59 sides(28 cases on the left side and 31 cases on the right side) were screened out. Using software measurement according to anthropometry,the ear length and width of the ear,the length and width of the ear,the length and width of the earlobe,and the correlation analysis were carried out. Results Fifty-nine cases of normal auricle were obtained. The results were as follows: morphological ear length was(25. 72± 2. 64) mm,morphological ear width(49. 73±5. 18) mm,physiognomic ear length(60. 06±4. 89) mm,physiognomic ear width(28. 68±3. 25) mm,earlobe length(15. 71±2. 67) mm,lobe width(20. 45 ± 2. 92) mm,the morphological ear index was 194. 98 ± 26. 03,and the physiognomic ear index was 47. 91±5. 36. The morphological ear index was calculated to be 194. 98±26. 03,and the physiognomic index was47. 91±5. 36. Conclusion The symmetry of the auricle is good,and there is a gender difference in the appearance and ear length of the auricle(P<0. 05). There is a difference between the Mongolian nationality and the Han nationality in different regions(P<0. 05). The feature ear length of the Mongolian young college students is similar to that of the Sichuan Han nationality in northwest China. Male physiognomic ear of Han nationality in Henan province between 20 and 29 years old is longer than male physiognomic ear length of 20 to 22 years old in this paper. Male physiognomic ear length of Mongolian young college students are as those of Han Chinese men in northwest China. The features and ear length of Mongolian young college students are similar to that of the southern Han nationality at the age of 20. Male physiognomic ear of Han nationality in Tunpu,Guizhou province is longer in this study(20-22 years old). Both male and female Mongolian college students have longer ears than those in Northwestern India. Caucasian male appearance ear is longer than those in Mongolian young male college students' appearance ear.
Objective To proform the digital three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement analysis of the normal Mongolian young students' digital anatomical features so to provide anatomical parameters for auricle reconstruction surgery,data measurement for traumatic ear defects,and provide basic data for forensic disability identification. Methods A total of 32 Mongolian college students used the Artec Spider 3 D scanner to perform a three-dimensional scan of the auricle. The 59 sides(28 cases on the left side and 31 cases on the right side) were screened out. Using software measurement according to anthropometry,the ear length and width of the ear,the length and width of the ear,the length and width of the earlobe,and the correlation analysis were carried out. Results Fifty-nine cases of normal auricle were obtained. The results were as follows: morphological ear length was(25. 72± 2. 64) mm,morphological ear width(49. 73±5. 18) mm,physiognomic ear length(60. 06±4. 89) mm,physiognomic ear width(28. 68±3. 25) mm,earlobe length(15. 71±2. 67) mm,lobe width(20. 45 ± 2. 92) mm,the morphological ear index was 194. 98 ± 26. 03,and the physiognomic ear index was 47. 91±5. 36. The morphological ear index was calculated to be 194. 98±26. 03,and the physiognomic index was47. 91±5. 36. Conclusion The symmetry of the auricle is good,and there is a gender difference in the appearance and ear length of the auricle(P<0. 05). There is a difference between the Mongolian nationality and the Han nationality in different regions(P<0. 05). The feature ear length of the Mongolian young college students is similar to that of the Sichuan Han nationality in northwest China. Male physiognomic ear of Han nationality in Henan province between 20 and 29 years old is longer than male physiognomic ear length of 20 to 22 years old in this paper. Male physiognomic ear length of Mongolian young college students are as those of Han Chinese men in northwest China. The features and ear length of Mongolian young college students are similar to that of the southern Han nationality at the age of 20. Male physiognomic ear of Han nationality in Tunpu,Guizhou province is longer in this study(20-22 years old). Both male and female Mongolian college students have longer ears than those in Northwestern India. Caucasian male appearance ear is longer than those in Mongolian young male college students' appearance ear.
引文
[1]Tang L,Tian GY,Hu LD,et al. Application of three-dimensional printing technology in individualized auricle reconstruction[J].Chinese Journal of Otology,2017,15(2):267-271.(in Chinese)唐玲,田广永,胡力达,等. 3-D打印技术在个体化耳廓重建中的应用[J].中华耳科学杂志,2017,15(2):267-271.
[2]KizhnerⅤ,Barak A. Framework changes using costal cartilage for microtia reconstruction[J]. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg,2008,134(7):768-770.
[3]Deng K,Dai L,Yi L,et al. Epidemiologic characteristics and time trend in the prevalence of anotia and microtia in China[J]. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol,2016,106(2).88-94.
[4]Chen ZhY,Luo ChC,Shang X,et al. Application progress of digital technology in auricle reconstruction[J]. Chinese Journal of Prosthetics and Reconstructive Surgery,2017,31(9):1135-1140.(in Chinese)陈召阳,罗春材,尚骁,等.数字化技术在耳廓再造中的应用进展[J].中国修复重建外科杂志,2017,31(9):1135-1140.
[5]Wang J,Chen JW,Ma LM,et al. Measurement of newborn auricle in Wenshan,Yunnan[J]. Chinese Journal of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery,2018,29(8):455-457.(in Chinese)王静,陈建武,马立敏,等.云南文山地区新生儿耳郭的测量研究[J].中国美容整形外科杂志,2018,29(8):455-457.
[6]Bos EJ, Doerga P, Breugem CC, et al. The burned ear;possibilities and challenges in framework reconstruction and coverage[J]. Burns,2016,42(7):1387-1395.
[7]Chen HY,Ng LS,Chang CS,et al. Pursuing mirror image reconstruction in unilateral microtia:customizing auricular framework by application of three-dimensional imaging and threedimensional printing[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg,2017,139(6):1433-1443.
[8]Sun ZhY. Discussion on the clinical application of threedimensional digital technology in auricle reconstruction[D].Peking Union Medical College Hospital,2017.(in Chinese)孙中泱.三维数字化技术在耳廓再造临床应用中的探讨[D].北京协和医院,2017.
[9]Xi HJ,Chen Zh. Anthropometric Method[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing:Science Press,2010:145-149.(in Chinese)席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,2010:145-149.
[10]Zhou BF. Study on the ear morphology of 865 Han ethnic Chinese in Northwest region of China[D]. Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital:Fourth Military Medical University,2016.(in Chinese)周毕峰.中国西北地区865名汉族人耳郭形态学研究[D].西京医院整形外科,第四军医大学,2016.
[11]Liu YY,Mu RL. The research of individual identify by comparison of auricle[J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine,2017,32(5):466-471.(in Chinese)刘玉勇,穆日磊.耳廓的同一认定研究[J].中国法医学杂志,2017,32(5):466-471.
[12]Wang B, Dong Y, Zhao Y, et al. Computed tomography measurement of the auricle in Han population of north China[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg,2011,64(1):30-40.
[13]Brucker MJ,Patel J,Sullivan PK. A morphometric study of the external ear:age-and sex-related differences[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg,2003,112(2):647-654.
[14]Japatti SR, Engineer PJ, Reddy BM,et al. Anthropometric assessment of the normal adult human ear[J]. Ann Maxillofac Surg,2018,8(1):42-50.
[15]Jiang HY,Pan B,Lin L. Classification system of congenital microtia and therapeutic strategy[J]. Chinese Journal of Otology,2013,11(4):476-480.(in Chinese)蒋海越,潘博,林琳.先天性小耳畸形的分型及治疗策略[J].中华耳科学杂志,2013,11(4):476-480.
[16]Zhang TY. Early correction of auricle deformity and Medpor ear reconstruction technology[J]. China Medical Digest,2017,32(1):2-3.(in Chinese)张天宇.耳郭畸形早期矫治与Medpor耳再造技术[J].中国医学文摘,2017,32(1):2-3.
[17]Zhao H,Lin G,Seong YH,et al. Anthropometric research of congenital auricular deformities for newborns[J]. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2017,32(7):1176-1183.
[18]Yan JJ,Yang QH,Song YP,et al. The study of reconstruction auricle long-term changes by 3D laser scan technology[J].Chinese Journal of Otology,2013,11(4):524-528.(in Chinese)燕静杰,杨庆华,宋宇鹏,等.三维激光扫描技术应用于再造耳廓远期变化的研究[J].中华耳科学杂志,2013,11(4):524-528.
[19]Yang L,Zhang PH,Xu GCh,et al. Cross-sectional survey on biological morphology of ear in He’nan Han nationality adult[J].Journal of He’nan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2013,41(1):138-141(in Chinese)杨雷,张培华,徐国昌,等.河南汉族成人耳部生物学形态的横断面调查[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(1):138-141.
[20]Zheng LB,Li X,Zhang XH,et al. Variation of morphological traits in the head and face of Han in Sichuan province[J]. Chinese Journal of Anatomy,2011,34(5):699-705.(in Chinese)郑连斌,黎霞,张兴华,等.四川汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].解剖学杂志,2011,34(5):699-705.
[21]Li YL,Zheng LB,Yu KL,et al. Variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age of Han in Southern China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(4):336-343.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.南方汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].科学通报,2013,58(4):336-343.
[22]Ni XL,Li YL,Zheng LB,et al. Variation of morphological traits in the head and face of Tunpu in Guizhou[J]. Chinese Journal of Anatomy,2013,36(6):1116-1121.(in Chinese)倪晓璐,李咏兰,郑连斌,等.贵州屯堡人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].解剖学杂志2013,36(6):1116-1121.
[23]Purkait R,Singh P. Anthropometry of the normal human auricle:a study of adult Indian men[J]. Aesthetic Plast Surg,2007,31(4):372-379.
[24]Alexander KS,Stott DJ,Sivakumar B,et al. A morphometric study of the human ear[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg,2011,64(1):41-47.
[25]Adhikari K, Reales G, Smith AJ, et al. A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology[J]. Nat Commun,2015,6:7500.
[26]Barut C,Aktunc E. Anthropometric measurements of the external ear in a group of Turkish primary school students[J]. Aesthetic Plast Surg,2006,30(2):255-259.
[2]KizhnerⅤ,Barak A. Framework changes using costal cartilage for microtia reconstruction[J]. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg,2008,134(7):768-770.
[3]Deng K,Dai L,Yi L,et al. Epidemiologic characteristics and time trend in the prevalence of anotia and microtia in China[J]. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol,2016,106(2).88-94.
[4]Chen ZhY,Luo ChC,Shang X,et al. Application progress of digital technology in auricle reconstruction[J]. Chinese Journal of Prosthetics and Reconstructive Surgery,2017,31(9):1135-1140.(in Chinese)陈召阳,罗春材,尚骁,等.数字化技术在耳廓再造中的应用进展[J].中国修复重建外科杂志,2017,31(9):1135-1140.
[5]Wang J,Chen JW,Ma LM,et al. Measurement of newborn auricle in Wenshan,Yunnan[J]. Chinese Journal of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery,2018,29(8):455-457.(in Chinese)王静,陈建武,马立敏,等.云南文山地区新生儿耳郭的测量研究[J].中国美容整形外科杂志,2018,29(8):455-457.
[6]Bos EJ, Doerga P, Breugem CC, et al. The burned ear;possibilities and challenges in framework reconstruction and coverage[J]. Burns,2016,42(7):1387-1395.
[7]Chen HY,Ng LS,Chang CS,et al. Pursuing mirror image reconstruction in unilateral microtia:customizing auricular framework by application of three-dimensional imaging and threedimensional printing[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg,2017,139(6):1433-1443.
[8]Sun ZhY. Discussion on the clinical application of threedimensional digital technology in auricle reconstruction[D].Peking Union Medical College Hospital,2017.(in Chinese)孙中泱.三维数字化技术在耳廓再造临床应用中的探讨[D].北京协和医院,2017.
[9]Xi HJ,Chen Zh. Anthropometric Method[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing:Science Press,2010:145-149.(in Chinese)席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,2010:145-149.
[10]Zhou BF. Study on the ear morphology of 865 Han ethnic Chinese in Northwest region of China[D]. Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital:Fourth Military Medical University,2016.(in Chinese)周毕峰.中国西北地区865名汉族人耳郭形态学研究[D].西京医院整形外科,第四军医大学,2016.
[11]Liu YY,Mu RL. The research of individual identify by comparison of auricle[J]. Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine,2017,32(5):466-471.(in Chinese)刘玉勇,穆日磊.耳廓的同一认定研究[J].中国法医学杂志,2017,32(5):466-471.
[12]Wang B, Dong Y, Zhao Y, et al. Computed tomography measurement of the auricle in Han population of north China[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg,2011,64(1):30-40.
[13]Brucker MJ,Patel J,Sullivan PK. A morphometric study of the external ear:age-and sex-related differences[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg,2003,112(2):647-654.
[14]Japatti SR, Engineer PJ, Reddy BM,et al. Anthropometric assessment of the normal adult human ear[J]. Ann Maxillofac Surg,2018,8(1):42-50.
[15]Jiang HY,Pan B,Lin L. Classification system of congenital microtia and therapeutic strategy[J]. Chinese Journal of Otology,2013,11(4):476-480.(in Chinese)蒋海越,潘博,林琳.先天性小耳畸形的分型及治疗策略[J].中华耳科学杂志,2013,11(4):476-480.
[16]Zhang TY. Early correction of auricle deformity and Medpor ear reconstruction technology[J]. China Medical Digest,2017,32(1):2-3.(in Chinese)张天宇.耳郭畸形早期矫治与Medpor耳再造技术[J].中国医学文摘,2017,32(1):2-3.
[17]Zhao H,Lin G,Seong YH,et al. Anthropometric research of congenital auricular deformities for newborns[J]. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2017,32(7):1176-1183.
[18]Yan JJ,Yang QH,Song YP,et al. The study of reconstruction auricle long-term changes by 3D laser scan technology[J].Chinese Journal of Otology,2013,11(4):524-528.(in Chinese)燕静杰,杨庆华,宋宇鹏,等.三维激光扫描技术应用于再造耳廓远期变化的研究[J].中华耳科学杂志,2013,11(4):524-528.
[19]Yang L,Zhang PH,Xu GCh,et al. Cross-sectional survey on biological morphology of ear in He’nan Han nationality adult[J].Journal of He’nan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2013,41(1):138-141(in Chinese)杨雷,张培华,徐国昌,等.河南汉族成人耳部生物学形态的横断面调查[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(1):138-141.
[20]Zheng LB,Li X,Zhang XH,et al. Variation of morphological traits in the head and face of Han in Sichuan province[J]. Chinese Journal of Anatomy,2011,34(5):699-705.(in Chinese)郑连斌,黎霞,张兴华,等.四川汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].解剖学杂志,2011,34(5):699-705.
[21]Li YL,Zheng LB,Yu KL,et al. Variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age of Han in Southern China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(4):336-343.(in Chinese)李咏兰,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.南方汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].科学通报,2013,58(4):336-343.
[22]Ni XL,Li YL,Zheng LB,et al. Variation of morphological traits in the head and face of Tunpu in Guizhou[J]. Chinese Journal of Anatomy,2013,36(6):1116-1121.(in Chinese)倪晓璐,李咏兰,郑连斌,等.贵州屯堡人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].解剖学杂志2013,36(6):1116-1121.
[23]Purkait R,Singh P. Anthropometry of the normal human auricle:a study of adult Indian men[J]. Aesthetic Plast Surg,2007,31(4):372-379.
[24]Alexander KS,Stott DJ,Sivakumar B,et al. A morphometric study of the human ear[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg,2011,64(1):41-47.
[25]Adhikari K, Reales G, Smith AJ, et al. A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology[J]. Nat Commun,2015,6:7500.
[26]Barut C,Aktunc E. Anthropometric measurements of the external ear in a group of Turkish primary school students[J]. Aesthetic Plast Surg,2006,30(2):255-259.