从“实体”训练到“关系”训练——运动训练科学研究思维方式的新转向
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摘要
实体思维是运动训练科学研究的传统思维方式,它从本质和规律、原理和模式等视角科学地诠释运动训练的过程,探究运动训练的基本模式,构建运动训练理论体系,在很大程度上推动了运动训练科学研究的发展。但由于自身的局限和不足,面对运动训练中不断涌现的复杂性现象和问题,运动训练科学实体思维研究方式不断地陷入困境与迷惑之中。运动训练本质是一种关于身体关系的训练,同时运动训练复杂性也存在于其关系之中,由此,运动训练科学研究应回归到运动身体关系训练的本身。关系思维为运动训练科学研究提供了一种全新的视角和认识方式,以此关注运动训练科学理论研究和实践中的种种问题,这意味着运动训练科学研究活动已开始从"物的世界"向"人的世界"转变,运动训练科学研究的范式则从"简单性"向"复杂性"转变。
Entity thinking is the traditional way of thinking for scientific research in sports training, and it explored the process of sports training scientifically from the perspective of nature and law, principle and mode as well as the basic pattern of sports training, and constructed sports training theory system, promoting to a great extent the development of the scientific research in sports training. However, as its limitations and shortcomings, in the face of the emerging complex phenomenon and problems in sports training, entity thinking way research was constantly in trouble and confusion. The nature of sports training is a kind of training on the relationship between the body, while the complexity of sports training also exists in its relationship, Therefore, sports training scientific research should return to the movement of body relationship training itself. Thus, the relationship of thinking for sports training scientific research provides a new perspective and understanding of the way to sports training scientific theory research,which means that sports training scientific research activities have changed from the " material of the world" to the " human world",sports training scientific research paradigm from " simplicity" to " complexity".
Entity thinking is the traditional way of thinking for scientific research in sports training, and it explored the process of sports training scientifically from the perspective of nature and law, principle and mode as well as the basic pattern of sports training, and constructed sports training theory system, promoting to a great extent the development of the scientific research in sports training. However, as its limitations and shortcomings, in the face of the emerging complex phenomenon and problems in sports training, entity thinking way research was constantly in trouble and confusion. The nature of sports training is a kind of training on the relationship between the body, while the complexity of sports training also exists in its relationship, Therefore, sports training scientific research should return to the movement of body relationship training itself. Thus, the relationship of thinking for sports training scientific research provides a new perspective and understanding of the way to sports training scientific theory research,which means that sports training scientific research activities have changed from the " material of the world" to the " human world",sports training scientific research paradigm from " simplicity" to " complexity".
引文
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[2]孙美堂.从实体思维到实践思维——兼谈对存在的诠释[J].哲学动态,2003(9):5-10.
[3]李晶.博尔特为9秒40刻苦训练“不尊重”科学非人类?[N].成都商报,2010-08-01.
[4]袁越.自行车、汽车和飞机,哪个容易学?[J].三联生活周刊,2016(39).
[5]沃尔德罗普.复杂——诞生于秩序与混沌边缘的科学[M].陈玲,译.北京:三联书店,1997:324-325.
[6]韩民青.论实体与关系[J].山东社会科学,1987(1):72-79.
[7]马丁·布伯.我与你[M].北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,1986.
[8]马克思恩格斯选集[M].北京:人民出版社,1972.
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[11]茅鹏.一元训练理论[J].体育与科学,2003,24(4):5-10.
[12]谷明昌.现代足球理念[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2005.
[13]仇乃民.走向大数据时代的运动训练科学研究[J].山东体育学院学报,2015,27(6):541-545.
[14]仇乃民,李少丹.复杂性思维视域中的运动训练科学研究:反思与重构[J].天津体育学院学报,2013,28(6):513-518.