路面层间应变信号的预处理方法
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摘要
为获得路面层间应变情况、实时监测道路状态,开发一套无人值守路面层间应变信号自动采集系统。选用四轴货车进行现场试验,对采集的应变信号进行特点分析,通过去除趋势项消除实测信号的零点漂移问题;采用S变换方法研究路面层间应变信号在时域和频域上的分布规律;为提高实测道路应变信号的信噪比,分别采用低通滤波和小波滤波方法对信号进行预处理。研究结果表明:所开发系统可以实现道路应变信号的自动采集;采集的路面层间应变信号的噪声成分频率不固定,而道路应变信号的有效成分主要为50 Hz以下的低频信号;低通滤波方法在处理应变信号时有局限性;小波滤波方法对不同类型的噪声信号都能取得良好的滤波效果,适合路面层间应变信号的预处理。
In order to obtain the interlayer strain condition of pavement and monitor the state of the road in real time, an automatic collection system of unattended interlayer strain signal was developed. A four-axle truck was selected for field test to analyze the characteristics of the collected strain signal, and the zero drift of the measured signal was eliminated by removing the trend term. The S variation method was used to study the distribution of interlayer strain signal in time and frequency domain. Finally, in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of measured road strain signals, low-pass filtering and wavelet filtering methods were used to preprocess the signals. The results showed that the developed system realized the automatic collection of road strain signal. The noise component frequency of the collected pavement interlayer strain signal was not fixed, and the effective component of the road strain signal was mainly the low-frequency signal below 50 Hz. The low-pass filtering method had limitations in processing strain signal, and wavelet filtering method was suitable for the pretreatment of strain signals between pavement layers for its great filtering effect on different types of noise signals.
In order to obtain the interlayer strain condition of pavement and monitor the state of the road in real time, an automatic collection system of unattended interlayer strain signal was developed. A four-axle truck was selected for field test to analyze the characteristics of the collected strain signal, and the zero drift of the measured signal was eliminated by removing the trend term. The S variation method was used to study the distribution of interlayer strain signal in time and frequency domain. Finally, in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of measured road strain signals, low-pass filtering and wavelet filtering methods were used to preprocess the signals. The results showed that the developed system realized the automatic collection of road strain signal. The noise component frequency of the collected pavement interlayer strain signal was not fixed, and the effective component of the road strain signal was mainly the low-frequency signal below 50 Hz. The low-pass filtering method had limitations in processing strain signal, and wavelet filtering method was suitable for the pretreatment of strain signals between pavement layers for its great filtering effect on different types of noise signals.
引文
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[12] STOCKWELL R G,MANSIHA L,LOWE R L.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S-transform[J].IEEE Transcations on Signal Processing,1996,44:998-1001.
[13] MALLAT S,SETPHANC G.A theory for multiresolution signal decompositions-the wavelet representation[J].IEEE Transom PAM I,1989,11(7):674-693.
[14] 余钰炜.小波变换及小波网络在化工控制中的应用[D].厦门:厦门大学,2009.YU Yuwei.Applications of wavelet transform and wavelet neural network in chemical process control[D].Xiamen:Xiamen University,2009.
[15] 肖川,邱延峻,艾长发,等.行车荷载作用下沥青路面动力特性试验[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2016,36(2):26-34.XIAO Chuan,QIU Yanjun,AI Changfa,et al.Experiment on dynamical characteristics of asphalt pavement under vehicle load[J].Journal of Chang′an University (Natural Science Edition),2016,36(2):26-34.
[2] 刘锋,李浩.沥青路面结构实测应变数据后处理[J].公路,2017,5(5):60-63.LIU Feng,LI Hao.Post-processing of measured strain data for asphalt pavement structure [J].Highway,2017,5(5):60-63.
[3] 杨永顺,王林,韦金城,等.重载作用下典型路面结构动力响应数据采集与分析[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(5):11-16.YANG Yongshun,WANG Lin,WEI Jincheng,et al.Typical pavement structure dynamic response data collection and analysis under heavy vehicle loading[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2010,27(5):11-16.
[4] 韦金城,王林,TIMM D.沥青层应变传感器数据采集及处理方法研究[J].公路工程,2009,34(2):45-47.WEI Jincheng,WANG Lin,TIMM D.Asphalt pavement strain gauge data collection and signals process[J].Highway Engineering,2009,34(2):45-47.
[5] 谭振宇,李浩,许新权,等.沥青路面力学响应监测系统布置方案研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2017,41(3):528-532.TAN Zhenyu,LI Hao,XU Xinquan,et al.Study on layout of monitoring system about mechanical response of asphalt pavement [J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2017,41(3):528-532.
[6] 王建坤.利用光纤光栅测量沥青路面结构应力-应变场[D].大连:大连理工大学,2013.WANG Jiankun.The measurement of asphalt pavement structure stress-strain field using FBG sensor [D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2013.
[7] GIORGIO N.Monitoring of mining induced subsidence through measurement of ground strain with fiber bragg grating sensors[C]//10th IEEE Conference on Sensors.Limerick,Ireland:IEEE Sensors,2011:1277-1280.
[8] 潘小康.沥青路面结构信息监测数据挖掘研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.PAN Xiaokang.Data mining of asphalt pavement structural information monitoring[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.
[9] 周兴林,李俊,郭永兴,等.基于光纤光栅的轮胎-路面三向力测量传感器设计[J].仪表技术与传感器,2018(10):9-13.ZHOU Xinglin,LI Jun,GUO Yongxing,et al.Design of type-road tri-axial contact force measurement sensor based on fiber bragg grating[J].Instrument Technique and Sensor,2018(10):9-13.
[10] 王占军,钟艳辉,张蓓.Matlab小波分析在路面雷达信号处理中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2007(9):191-193.WANG Zhanjun,ZHONG Yanhui,ZHANG Bei.The application of Matlab wavelet analysis in radar signal processing[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2007(9):191-193.
[11] 胡海军,龚华平,郑紫珊,等.光纤应变监测系统的数据处理方法研究[J].光学与光电技术,2013,11(5):25-28.HU Haijun,GONG Huaping,ZHENG Zishan,et al.Research on data processing method of optical fiber strain detection system[J].Optics & Opts Electronic Technology,2013,11(5):25-28.
[12] STOCKWELL R G,MANSIHA L,LOWE R L.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S-transform[J].IEEE Transcations on Signal Processing,1996,44:998-1001.
[13] MALLAT S,SETPHANC G.A theory for multiresolution signal decompositions-the wavelet representation[J].IEEE Transom PAM I,1989,11(7):674-693.
[14] 余钰炜.小波变换及小波网络在化工控制中的应用[D].厦门:厦门大学,2009.YU Yuwei.Applications of wavelet transform and wavelet neural network in chemical process control[D].Xiamen:Xiamen University,2009.
[15] 肖川,邱延峻,艾长发,等.行车荷载作用下沥青路面动力特性试验[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2016,36(2):26-34.XIAO Chuan,QIU Yanjun,AI Changfa,et al.Experiment on dynamical characteristics of asphalt pavement under vehicle load[J].Journal of Chang′an University (Natural Science Edition),2016,36(2):26-34.
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