首套全球30m分辨率土地覆被产品区域尺度精度评价——以河南省为例
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摘要
以河南省为研究区,对全球首套30 m分辨率土地覆盖产品Globle Land30进行区域尺度精度评价。首先,以中国1∶10万土地利用数据(CHINA-2010)为参考,分析两种产品的空间一致性;而后,通过Google Earth样本分析Globle Land30在空间不一致区域的制图精度;最后,利用野外实地考察样本对Globle Land30进行总体精度评价,并从土地覆被复杂度、高程等方面分析影响精度的原因,结果表明:1 Globle Land30与CHINA-2010空间一致性达80.20%。两种产品对耕地、林地、人工地面一致性高,对草地、水体、灌木、湿地、未利用土地的一致性低。2在空间不一致区域,Globle Land30的总体分类正确率略低于CHINA-2010,但两者对不同地类的优势不同。3经野外实地考察验证可知,Globle Land30的总体精度达83.33%。4GlobleLand30与CHINA-2010的空间一致性随土地覆被复杂度的增加而降低,并在高程过渡带较低。
Accurate global land cover datasets are key environmental information for research on global changes and regional sustainable development, such as global climate change,ecosystem assessment, biodiversity conservation. However, there are still some shortcomings in showing spatial and thematic details for the existing global land cover products at medium and low resolutions(300-1000 m). Recently, Globe Land30, a global land cover product based on Landsat images at a 30- m resolution, was produced and released by China. The product made a breakthrough in enhancing spatial resolution of global land cover products, and has a wide range of application prospects. As with any land cover products, it is necessary to carry out accuracy evaluation of Globe Land30 in global, regional or local scales before it is widely applied. This study aims at assessing the accuracy of Globle Land30 in Henan province with cross- comparison analyses and sampling methods respectively. Firstly, the national land use database of China at a 1∶100000 scale(CHINA-2010) was used as a reference data to analyze the spatial consistency between these two products. Secondly, validation samples collected from Google Earth were used to assess the producer's accuracy in spatially inconsistent areas.Finally, the overall accuracy of Globle Land30 was assessed by field survey. Moreover, several factors influencing the accuracy of Globle Land30 were also taken into consideration, such as land cover complexity and elevation. The following conclusions were drawn:(a) Spatial consistency between Globle Land30 and CHINA- 2010 reached up to 80.20%. There was high spatial consistency for croplands, forests and artificial surfaces, and low spatial consistency for grasslands, water bodies, shrubs, wetlands and unused lands.(b) The overall accuracy of Globle Land30 was slightly lower than that of CHINA- 2010 in spatially inconsistent areas. As for forests, producer's accuracy of Globle Land30 was relatively higher than that of CHINA-2010.(c) It was found by field survey that the overall accuracy of Globle Land30 was 83.33%.(d) On the one hand, with the increase of the complexity of land cover types, spatial consistency between Globle Land30 and CHINA- 2010 decreased; on the other hand, with the increase of elevation, spatial consistency between the two products decreased first and then rose, and became lower in the elevation transition zones.
Accurate global land cover datasets are key environmental information for research on global changes and regional sustainable development, such as global climate change,ecosystem assessment, biodiversity conservation. However, there are still some shortcomings in showing spatial and thematic details for the existing global land cover products at medium and low resolutions(300-1000 m). Recently, Globe Land30, a global land cover product based on Landsat images at a 30- m resolution, was produced and released by China. The product made a breakthrough in enhancing spatial resolution of global land cover products, and has a wide range of application prospects. As with any land cover products, it is necessary to carry out accuracy evaluation of Globe Land30 in global, regional or local scales before it is widely applied. This study aims at assessing the accuracy of Globle Land30 in Henan province with cross- comparison analyses and sampling methods respectively. Firstly, the national land use database of China at a 1∶100000 scale(CHINA-2010) was used as a reference data to analyze the spatial consistency between these two products. Secondly, validation samples collected from Google Earth were used to assess the producer's accuracy in spatially inconsistent areas.Finally, the overall accuracy of Globle Land30 was assessed by field survey. Moreover, several factors influencing the accuracy of Globle Land30 were also taken into consideration, such as land cover complexity and elevation. The following conclusions were drawn:(a) Spatial consistency between Globle Land30 and CHINA- 2010 reached up to 80.20%. There was high spatial consistency for croplands, forests and artificial surfaces, and low spatial consistency for grasslands, water bodies, shrubs, wetlands and unused lands.(b) The overall accuracy of Globle Land30 was slightly lower than that of CHINA- 2010 in spatially inconsistent areas. As for forests, producer's accuracy of Globle Land30 was relatively higher than that of CHINA-2010.(c) It was found by field survey that the overall accuracy of Globle Land30 was 83.33%.(d) On the one hand, with the increase of the complexity of land cover types, spatial consistency between Globle Land30 and CHINA- 2010 decreased; on the other hand, with the increase of elevation, spatial consistency between the two products decreased first and then rose, and became lower in the elevation transition zones.
引文
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[18]侯鹏敏,廖顺宝,姬广兴,等.中比例尺土地覆盖遥感制图质量的野外验证与评价:以河南省为例.河南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,46(2):139-148.[Hou Pengmin,Liao Shunbao,Ji Guangxing et al.Field validation and evaluation for accuracy of medium scale land cover remote sensing mapping in Henan province.Journal of Henan University:Natural Science,2016,46(2):139-148.]
[19]Zeng Tian,Zhang Zengxiang,Zhao Xiaoli,et al.Evaluation of the 2010 MODIS collection 5.1 land cover type product over China.Remote Sensing,2015,7(2):1981-2006.
[20]Perez-Hoyos A,Javier Garcia-Haro F,Valcarcel N.Incorporating sub-dominant classes in the accuracy assessment of large-area land cover products:Application to Glob Cover,MODISLC,GLC2000 and CORINE in Spain.IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2014,7(1):187-205.
[21]Herold M,Mayaux P,Woodcock C E,et al.Some challenges in global land cover mapping:An assessment of agreement and accuracy in existing 1 km datasets.Remote Sensing of Environment,2008,112(5):2538-2556.
[22]Foody G M.Assessing the accuracy of land cover change with imperfect ground reference data.Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(10):2271-2285.
[23]杨永可,肖鹏峰,冯学智,等.大尺度土地覆盖数据集在中国及周边区域的精度评价.遥感学报,2014,18(2):453-475.[Yang Yongke,Xiao Pengfeng,Feng Xuezhi,et al.Comparison and assessment of large-scale land cover datasets in China and adjacent regions.Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,18(2):453-475.]
[24]Fritz S,Mc Callum I,Schill C,et al.Geo-Wiki:An online platform for improving global land cover.Environmental Modelling&Software,2012,31(7):110-123.
[25]Olofsson P,Foody G M,Herold M,et al.Good practices for estimating area and assessing accuracy of land change.Remote Sensing of Environment,2014,148(5):42-57.
[26]哈凯,丁庆龙,门明新,等.山地丘陵区土地利用分布及其与地形因子关系:以河北省怀来县为例.地理研究,2015,34(5):909-921.[Ha Kai,Ding Qinglong,Men Mingxin,et al.Spatial distribution of land use and its relationship with terrain factors in hilly area.Geographical Research,2015,34(5):909-921.]
[27]李炳元,潘保田,韩嘉福.中国陆地基本地貌类型及其划分指标探讨.第四纪研究,2008,28(4):535-543.[Li Bingyuan,Pan Baotian,Han Jiafu.Basic terrestrial geomorphological types in China and their circumscriptions.Quaternary Sciences,2008,28(4):535-543.]
[28]张光业.河南省地貌区划.河南大学学报:社会科学版,1964,9(1):124-137.[Zhang Guangye.Geomorphologic zonalization of Henan.Journal of Henan University:Social Science,1964,9(1):124-137.]
[29]廖安平,陈利军,陈军,等.全球陆表水体高辨率遥感制图.中国科学:地球科学,2014,40(8):1634-1645.[Liao Anping,Chen Lijun,Chen Jun,et al.High-resolution remote sensing mapping of global land water.Scientia Sinica Terrae,2014,40(8):1634-645.]
[2]Giri C,Pengra B,Long J,et al.Next generation of global land cover characterization,mapping,and monitoring.International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2013,25(4):30-37.
[3]Fritz S,See L,You L,et al.The need for improved maps of global cropland.Eos Transactions,2013,94(3):31-32.
[4]王慧敏,曾永年.青海高原东部土地利用的低碳优化模拟:以海东市为例.地理研究,2015,34(7):1270-1284.[Wan Huimin,Zeng Yongnian.Land use optimization simulation based on low-carbon emissionsin eastern part of Qinghai Plateau.Geographical Research,2015,34(7):1270-1284.]
[5]廖顺宝,秦耀辰.草地理论载畜量调查数据空间化方法及应用.地理研究,2014,33(1):179-190.[Liao Shunbao,Qin Yaochen.A spatialization method for survey data of theoretical stock-carrying capacity of grassland in China and its application.Geographical Research,2014,33(1):179-190.]
[6]冉有华,李新,卢玲.四种常用的全球1 km土地覆盖数据中国区域的精度评价.冰川冻土,2009,31(3):490-500.[Ran Youhua,Li Xin,Lu Ling.Accuracy evaluation of the four remote sensing based land cover products over China.Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2009,31(3):490-500.]
[7]Chen Jun,Ban Yifang,Li Songnian.Open access to earth land-cover map.Nature,2014,514(7523):434-434.
[8]Han Gang,Chen Jun,He Chaoying,et al.A web-based system for supporting global land cover data production.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2015,103(5):66-80.
[9]陈军,陈晋,廖安平,等.全球30 m地表覆盖遥感制图的总体技术.测绘学报,2014,43(6):551-557.[Chen Jun,Chen Jin,Liao Anping,et al.Concepts and key techniques for 30 m global land cover mapping.Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2014,43(6):551-557.]
[10]冉有华,李新.全球第一个综合高分辨率土地覆盖图:中国30 m分辨率全球土地覆盖图评述.中国科学:地球科学,2015,45(8):1243-1244.[Ran Youhua,Li Xin.The world's first comprehensive high resolution land cover map:A survey of china 30 m resolution global land cover map.Scientia Sinica Terrae,2015,45(8):1243-1244.]
[11]廖安平,彭舒,武昊,等.30m全球地表覆盖遥感制图生产体系与实践.测绘通报,2015,(10):4-8.[Liao Anping,Peng Shu,Wu Hao,et al.The production system of 30 m global land cover mapping and its application.Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2015,(10):4-8.]
[12]Chen Jun,Chen Jin,Liao Anping,et al.Global land cover mapping at 30 m resolution:A POK-based operational approach.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,2015,103(5):7-27.
[13]Brovelli M,Molinari M,Hussein E,et al.The First comprehensive accuracy assessment of Globe Land30 at a national level:Methodology and results.Remote Sensing,2015,7(4):4191-4212.
[14]孟雯,童小华,谢欢,等.基于空间抽样的区域地表覆盖遥感制图产品精度评估:以中国陕西省为例.地球信息科学学报,2015,17(6):742-749.[Meng Wen,Tong Xiaohua,Xie Huan,et al.Accuracy assessment for regional land cover remote sensing mapping product based on spatial sampling:A case study of Shanxi province.Journal of Geoinformation Science,2015,17(6):742-749.]
[15]Zhao Yuanyuan,Gong Peng,Yu Le,et al.Towards a common validation sample set for global land-cover mapping.International Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,35(13):4795-4814.
[16]Clark M L,Aide T M,Grau H R,et al.A scalable approach to mapping annual land cover at 250 m using MODIS time series data:A case study in the dry Chaco ecoregion of south America.Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(11):2816-2832.
[17]刘纪远,匡文慧,张增祥,等.20世纪80年代以来中国土地利用变化的基本特征与空间格局.地理学报,2014,24(2):3-14.[Liu Jiyuan,Kuang Wenhui,Zhang Zengxiang,et al.Spatiotemporal characteristics,patterns and causes of land use changes in China since the late 1980s.Acta Geographica Sinca,2014,24(2):3-14.]
[18]侯鹏敏,廖顺宝,姬广兴,等.中比例尺土地覆盖遥感制图质量的野外验证与评价:以河南省为例.河南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,46(2):139-148.[Hou Pengmin,Liao Shunbao,Ji Guangxing et al.Field validation and evaluation for accuracy of medium scale land cover remote sensing mapping in Henan province.Journal of Henan University:Natural Science,2016,46(2):139-148.]
[19]Zeng Tian,Zhang Zengxiang,Zhao Xiaoli,et al.Evaluation of the 2010 MODIS collection 5.1 land cover type product over China.Remote Sensing,2015,7(2):1981-2006.
[20]Perez-Hoyos A,Javier Garcia-Haro F,Valcarcel N.Incorporating sub-dominant classes in the accuracy assessment of large-area land cover products:Application to Glob Cover,MODISLC,GLC2000 and CORINE in Spain.IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2014,7(1):187-205.
[21]Herold M,Mayaux P,Woodcock C E,et al.Some challenges in global land cover mapping:An assessment of agreement and accuracy in existing 1 km datasets.Remote Sensing of Environment,2008,112(5):2538-2556.
[22]Foody G M.Assessing the accuracy of land cover change with imperfect ground reference data.Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(10):2271-2285.
[23]杨永可,肖鹏峰,冯学智,等.大尺度土地覆盖数据集在中国及周边区域的精度评价.遥感学报,2014,18(2):453-475.[Yang Yongke,Xiao Pengfeng,Feng Xuezhi,et al.Comparison and assessment of large-scale land cover datasets in China and adjacent regions.Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,18(2):453-475.]
[24]Fritz S,Mc Callum I,Schill C,et al.Geo-Wiki:An online platform for improving global land cover.Environmental Modelling&Software,2012,31(7):110-123.
[25]Olofsson P,Foody G M,Herold M,et al.Good practices for estimating area and assessing accuracy of land change.Remote Sensing of Environment,2014,148(5):42-57.
[26]哈凯,丁庆龙,门明新,等.山地丘陵区土地利用分布及其与地形因子关系:以河北省怀来县为例.地理研究,2015,34(5):909-921.[Ha Kai,Ding Qinglong,Men Mingxin,et al.Spatial distribution of land use and its relationship with terrain factors in hilly area.Geographical Research,2015,34(5):909-921.]
[27]李炳元,潘保田,韩嘉福.中国陆地基本地貌类型及其划分指标探讨.第四纪研究,2008,28(4):535-543.[Li Bingyuan,Pan Baotian,Han Jiafu.Basic terrestrial geomorphological types in China and their circumscriptions.Quaternary Sciences,2008,28(4):535-543.]
[28]张光业.河南省地貌区划.河南大学学报:社会科学版,1964,9(1):124-137.[Zhang Guangye.Geomorphologic zonalization of Henan.Journal of Henan University:Social Science,1964,9(1):124-137.]
[29]廖安平,陈利军,陈军,等.全球陆表水体高辨率遥感制图.中国科学:地球科学,2014,40(8):1634-1645.[Liao Anping,Chen Lijun,Chen Jun,et al.High-resolution remote sensing mapping of global land water.Scientia Sinica Terrae,2014,40(8):1634-645.]