考虑热电联合调度的虚拟电厂交易策略研究
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摘要
为优化能源配置和用能效率,采用虚拟电厂模式聚合热电联产(Combined Heat and Power,CHP)机组等分布式能源作为整体参与市场交易,考虑CHP机组热电比可调运行模式突破传统以热定电的限制,实现CHP机组的热电解耦,提升机组调度的灵活性。此外针对虚拟电厂面临的风电不确定性,采用鲁棒优化进行处理,构建min-maxmin两阶段鲁棒优化模型,寻找不确定变量在不确定集合内朝着最恶劣场景变化时经济性最优的交易方案,并通过列约束生成算法对主子问题进行交替迭代求解。算例结果表明,采用CHP热电比可调运行模式并合理考虑风电出力不确定性能够提升系统调峰能力、降低出力偏差,对促进清洁能源消纳具有积极作用;也验证了通过虚拟电厂实现热电联合优化调度,作为整体参与市场运行具有较强的经济性优势。
In order to optimize the energy allocation and energy efficiency,this paper adopts virtual power plant model combined heat and power( CHP) units and other distributed energy as a whole to participate in market transactions. The CHP unit heat-to-electric ratio adjustable operation mode is introduced to break the traditional limit of ordering power by heat,which realizes the decouple of heat and power of CHP units,and improves the flexibility of unit scheduling. In addition,considering the renewable energy output uncertainty,a two stage robust optimization model with min-max-min structure is established to find the most economical trading strategy,the model is solved based on column constrained generation algorithm. Numerical cases show that by adjusting the CHP heat-to-electric ratio and reasonably considering the uncertainty of wind power output can improve power system peak-load regulation capacity and reduce the output deviation,which has a positive effect on the promotion of clean energy consumption. The advantages of VPP as an interest whole are also verified by the comparative study.
In order to optimize the energy allocation and energy efficiency,this paper adopts virtual power plant model combined heat and power( CHP) units and other distributed energy as a whole to participate in market transactions. The CHP unit heat-to-electric ratio adjustable operation mode is introduced to break the traditional limit of ordering power by heat,which realizes the decouple of heat and power of CHP units,and improves the flexibility of unit scheduling. In addition,considering the renewable energy output uncertainty,a two stage robust optimization model with min-max-min structure is established to find the most economical trading strategy,the model is solved based on column constrained generation algorithm. Numerical cases show that by adjusting the CHP heat-to-electric ratio and reasonably considering the uncertainty of wind power output can improve power system peak-load regulation capacity and reduce the output deviation,which has a positive effect on the promotion of clean energy consumption. The advantages of VPP as an interest whole are also verified by the comparative study.
引文
[1]顾泽鹏,康重庆,陈新宇,等.考虑热网约束的电热能源集成系统运行优化及其风电消纳效益分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3596-3604.Gu Zepeng,Kang Chongqing,Chen Xinyu,et al. Operation optimization of integrated power and heat energy systems and the benefit on wind power accommodation considering heating network constraints[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3596-3604.
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[8]陈春武,李娜,钟朋园,等.虚拟电厂发展的国际经验及启示[J].电网技术,2013,37(8):2258-2263.Chen Chunwu,Li Na,Zhong Pengyuan,et al. Review of virtual power plant technology abroad and enlightenment to China[J]. Power System Technology,2013,37(8):2258-2263.
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[10]袁桂丽,王琳博,王宝源.基于虚拟电厂“热电解耦”的负荷优化调度及经济效益分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(17):4974-4985.
[11]孙国强,周亦洲,卫志农,等.能量和旋转备用市场下虚拟电厂热电联合调度鲁棒优化模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(11):3118-3128.
[12]宋巍,王佳伟,赵海波,等.考虑需求响应交易市场的虚拟电厂多阶段竞价策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(19):35-45.
[13]夏榆杭,刘俊勇,冯超,等.计及需求响应的虚拟发电厂优化调度模型[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1666-1674.
[14]王海冰,王简,王承民,等.计及风险约束的虚拟电厂能量管理建模[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(20).
[15]高红均,刘俊勇,魏震波,等.主动配电网分层鲁棒规划模型及其求解方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1389-1400.
[16]刘一欣,郭力,王成山.微电网两阶段鲁棒优化经济调度方法[J/OL].中国电机工程学报:1-10[2018-03-25].
[17]Zeng B,Zhao L. Solving two-stage robust optimization problems using a column-and-constraint generation method[J]. Operations Research Letters,2013,41(5):457-461.
[18]Giuntoli M,Poli D. Optimized Thermal and Electrical Scheduling of a Large Scale Virtual Power Plant in the Presence of Energy Storages[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(2):942-955.
[19]钱科军,袁越,石晓丹,等.分布式发电的环境效益分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(29):11-15.
[2]夏叶,康重庆,陈天恩,等.电力用户参与风电消纳的日前市场模式[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(17):120-126.Xia Ye,Kang Chongqing,Chen Tianen,et al. The day-to-day market model of electricity users participating in wind power consumption[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(17):120-126.
[3]王晓海,乔颖,鲁宗相,等.供暖季风电电量消纳能力的评估新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(9):2112-2119.Wang Xiaohai,Qiao Ying,Lu Zongxiang,et al. A new method for assessing the capacity of heating monsoon electricity consumption[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(9):2112-2119.
[4]龙虹毓,何国军,徐瑞林,等.计及分布式电源热泵的热电联产协调优化调度与能效分析[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(14):38-42.Long Hongyu,He Guojun,Xu Ruilin,et al. Coordinated Optimal Operation and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Heat and Power Generation Considering Distributed Power Heat Pumps[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(14):38-42.
[5] Chen X,Kang C,O'Malley M,et al. Increasing the Flexibility of Combined Heat and Power for Wind Power Integration in China:Modeling and Implications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(4):1848-1857.
[6] Lund H,Clark W W. Management of fluctuations in wind power and CHP comparing two possible Danish strategies[J]. Energy,2002,27(5):471-483.
[7]施锦月,许健,曾博,等.基于热电比可调模式的区域综合能源系统双层优化运行[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):2959-2966.Shi Jinyue,Xu Jian,Zeng Bo,et al. Double-layer optimized operation of regional integrated energy system based on adjustable thermoelectric ratio[J]. Power System Technology,2016,40(10):2959-2966.
[8]陈春武,李娜,钟朋园,等.虚拟电厂发展的国际经验及启示[J].电网技术,2013,37(8):2258-2263.Chen Chunwu,Li Na,Zhong Pengyuan,et al. Review of virtual power plant technology abroad and enlightenment to China[J]. Power System Technology,2013,37(8):2258-2263.
[9] Houwing M,Papaefthymiou G,Heijnen P W,et al. Balancing wind power with virtual power plants of micro-CHPs[C]//PowerTech,2009IEEE Bucharest. IEEE,2009:1-7.
[10]袁桂丽,王琳博,王宝源.基于虚拟电厂“热电解耦”的负荷优化调度及经济效益分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(17):4974-4985.
[11]孙国强,周亦洲,卫志农,等.能量和旋转备用市场下虚拟电厂热电联合调度鲁棒优化模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(11):3118-3128.
[12]宋巍,王佳伟,赵海波,等.考虑需求响应交易市场的虚拟电厂多阶段竞价策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(19):35-45.
[13]夏榆杭,刘俊勇,冯超,等.计及需求响应的虚拟发电厂优化调度模型[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1666-1674.
[14]王海冰,王简,王承民,等.计及风险约束的虚拟电厂能量管理建模[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(20).
[15]高红均,刘俊勇,魏震波,等.主动配电网分层鲁棒规划模型及其求解方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1389-1400.
[16]刘一欣,郭力,王成山.微电网两阶段鲁棒优化经济调度方法[J/OL].中国电机工程学报:1-10[2018-03-25].
[17]Zeng B,Zhao L. Solving two-stage robust optimization problems using a column-and-constraint generation method[J]. Operations Research Letters,2013,41(5):457-461.
[18]Giuntoli M,Poli D. Optimized Thermal and Electrical Scheduling of a Large Scale Virtual Power Plant in the Presence of Energy Storages[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(2):942-955.
[19]钱科军,袁越,石晓丹,等.分布式发电的环境效益分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(29):11-15.
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