浙江省老年人机构养老意愿及影响因素研究
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摘要
目的了解浙江省老年人选择机构养老的意愿及影响因素。方法采用多阶段抽样和便利抽样方法,从浙江省杭州市、金华市和永康市各选择1个城市社区和1个农村为现场调查点,选取居住时间≥1年且年龄≥60岁的老年人进行问卷调查,了解老年人选择机构养老的意愿;采用Logistic回归模型分析老年人选择机构养老的影响因素。结果有效调查390人,问卷有效率为91.76%;其中男性219人,占56.15%;女性171人,占43.85%。选择机构养老155人,占39.74%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,子女人数≥3人(OR=0.072,95%CI:0.007～0.742)、与配偶居住(OR=0.395, 95%CI:0.188～0.833)、与子女居住(OR=0.323, 95%CI:0.132～0.791)、与配偶及子女居住(OR=0.305,95%CI:0.139～0.673)、在农村居住(OR=0.404,95%CI:0.224～0.730)、无慢性病(OR=0.485,95%CI:0.292～0.805)的老年人选择机构养老的意愿较低。结论影响老年人选择机构养老的因素包括子女人数、居住情况、居住地区和是否患有慢性病。
Objective To learn the preference and determinants for institute-based care of the elderly in Zhejiang Province.Methods By multi-stage sampling and convenient sampling methods, three communities and three villages from Hangzhou,Jinhua and Yongkang as investigation spots,respondents who aged 60 years or above and lived for one year or more were selected for a questionnaire survey to learn their preference for institute-based care. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors for preference of institute-based care among the elderly. Results A total of 390 valid questionnaires were collected,accounting for 91.76%. Among them,there were 219 men and 171 women, accounting for 56.15% and 43.85;155 old people chose institute-based care,accounting for 39.74%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis illustrated that the elderly who had three children or more had less preference for institute-based care(OR=0.072,95%CI:0.007-0.742);the elderly who lived with spouse(OR=0.395,95%CI:0.188-0.833),with children(OR=0.323,95%CI:0.132-0.791),with spouse and children(OR=0.305,95%CI:0.139-0.673),compared with the elderly who lived alone,had less preference for institute-based care;the elderly who lived in rural areas,compard with the elderly who lived in urban areas had less preference for institute-based care(OR=0.404, 95% CI: 0.224-0.730); the elderly without chronic diseases had less preference for institute-based care(OR=0.485,95%CI:0.292-0.805). Conclusion Having three or more children,living with spouse,living with children,living with spouse and children,living in rural areas and living without chronic diseases are determinants for choosing institute-based care among the elderly.
Objective To learn the preference and determinants for institute-based care of the elderly in Zhejiang Province.Methods By multi-stage sampling and convenient sampling methods, three communities and three villages from Hangzhou,Jinhua and Yongkang as investigation spots,respondents who aged 60 years or above and lived for one year or more were selected for a questionnaire survey to learn their preference for institute-based care. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors for preference of institute-based care among the elderly. Results A total of 390 valid questionnaires were collected,accounting for 91.76%. Among them,there were 219 men and 171 women, accounting for 56.15% and 43.85;155 old people chose institute-based care,accounting for 39.74%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis illustrated that the elderly who had three children or more had less preference for institute-based care(OR=0.072,95%CI:0.007-0.742);the elderly who lived with spouse(OR=0.395,95%CI:0.188-0.833),with children(OR=0.323,95%CI:0.132-0.791),with spouse and children(OR=0.305,95%CI:0.139-0.673),compared with the elderly who lived alone,had less preference for institute-based care;the elderly who lived in rural areas,compard with the elderly who lived in urban areas had less preference for institute-based care(OR=0.404, 95% CI: 0.224-0.730); the elderly without chronic diseases had less preference for institute-based care(OR=0.485,95%CI:0.292-0.805). Conclusion Having three or more children,living with spouse,living with children,living with spouse and children,living in rural areas and living without chronic diseases are determinants for choosing institute-based care among the elderly.
引文
[1]浙江省统计局,国家统计局浙江调查总队.浙江统计年鉴2018[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2018:21.
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[3]冯飞.关于《浙江省社会养老服务促进条例》执行情况的报告[J].浙江人大(公报版),2016(5):103-105.
[4]梁艳,谢恺霏.城乡老年居民对医养结合养老模式态度与意愿的调查分析[J].护理与康复,2018,17(11):79-81.
[5]王兆鑫,叶樊妮,王蓬.“医养结合”养老服务模式的发展对策[J].陕西行政学院学报,2018,32(3):34-41.
[6]韩晔,吕涌涛,苗红,等.济南市城区老年人养老服务需求及影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2019,39(1):224-227.
[7]木晶晶,徐唯超,姜立琼,等.温州地区不同居住区域老年人养老方式调查分析[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2011,17(11):38-39.
[8]龙兴霞,李鑫,宋芳玲,等.四川北部地区老年人群的养老方式需求及其影响因素[J].解放军护理杂志,2018,35(13):41-45.
[9]朱嫒嫒,刘庆敏,曹承建,等.杭州市空巢老人养老意愿及影响因素研究[J].预防医学,2017,29(7):665-669.
[10]周驰,翁嘉,章宝丹.日本医养结合养老模式及其对我国的启示[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(23):33-36.
[11]刘晓晨,王秀丽,郭明兴.山东省老年人养老模式选择及其影响因素分析[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2018,24(24):57-59.
[12]李长远,张会萍.民族地区老年人对社区居家医养结合养老服务模式选择意愿及影响因素分析———基于安德森行为模型的实证研究[J].云南民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,35(5):135-143.
[13]武忠华.农村机构养老问题研究———以魏县为例[D].石家庄:河北经贸大学,2018.
[14]季红莉,路孝琴.养老机构老年人健康状况与卫生服务需求调查[J].中华全科医学,2012,10(11):1763-1764.
[15]聂爱霞,曹峰,邵东珂.老年人口养老居住意愿影响因素研究———基于2011年中国社会状况调查数据分析[J].中国行政管理,2015(2):103-108.
[16]林桂红,石志敏.老年人养老方式选择的影响因素分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(6):755-757.
[17]康华,庄晓惠.我国养老机构的问题与对策研究[J].东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,18(S1):100-101.
[18]刘阳阳,黄颖烽,秦良玉.广州市机构养老供给能力的现状与问题[J].中国医学伦理学,2018,31(5):614-618.
[19]糜泽花,钱爱兵.智慧医疗发展现状及趋势研究文献综述[J].中国全科医学,2019,22(3):366-370.
[2]范书南,郭海岚,董雪.中国老年人养老模式的研究进展[J].中国老年学杂志,2019,4(39):996-999.
[3]冯飞.关于《浙江省社会养老服务促进条例》执行情况的报告[J].浙江人大(公报版),2016(5):103-105.
[4]梁艳,谢恺霏.城乡老年居民对医养结合养老模式态度与意愿的调查分析[J].护理与康复,2018,17(11):79-81.
[5]王兆鑫,叶樊妮,王蓬.“医养结合”养老服务模式的发展对策[J].陕西行政学院学报,2018,32(3):34-41.
[6]韩晔,吕涌涛,苗红,等.济南市城区老年人养老服务需求及影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2019,39(1):224-227.
[7]木晶晶,徐唯超,姜立琼,等.温州地区不同居住区域老年人养老方式调查分析[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2011,17(11):38-39.
[8]龙兴霞,李鑫,宋芳玲,等.四川北部地区老年人群的养老方式需求及其影响因素[J].解放军护理杂志,2018,35(13):41-45.
[9]朱嫒嫒,刘庆敏,曹承建,等.杭州市空巢老人养老意愿及影响因素研究[J].预防医学,2017,29(7):665-669.
[10]周驰,翁嘉,章宝丹.日本医养结合养老模式及其对我国的启示[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(23):33-36.
[11]刘晓晨,王秀丽,郭明兴.山东省老年人养老模式选择及其影响因素分析[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2018,24(24):57-59.
[12]李长远,张会萍.民族地区老年人对社区居家医养结合养老服务模式选择意愿及影响因素分析———基于安德森行为模型的实证研究[J].云南民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,35(5):135-143.
[13]武忠华.农村机构养老问题研究———以魏县为例[D].石家庄:河北经贸大学,2018.
[14]季红莉,路孝琴.养老机构老年人健康状况与卫生服务需求调查[J].中华全科医学,2012,10(11):1763-1764.
[15]聂爱霞,曹峰,邵东珂.老年人口养老居住意愿影响因素研究———基于2011年中国社会状况调查数据分析[J].中国行政管理,2015(2):103-108.
[16]林桂红,石志敏.老年人养老方式选择的影响因素分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(6):755-757.
[17]康华,庄晓惠.我国养老机构的问题与对策研究[J].东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,18(S1):100-101.
[18]刘阳阳,黄颖烽,秦良玉.广州市机构养老供给能力的现状与问题[J].中国医学伦理学,2018,31(5):614-618.
[19]糜泽花,钱爱兵.智慧医疗发展现状及趋势研究文献综述[J].中国全科医学,2019,22(3):366-370.