生物质基炭膜电吸附去除水中Pb(Ⅱ)的研究
|
摘要
利用二层牛皮为原料,经炭化、硝酸氧化和水蒸气活化制备改性生物质基炭膜。采用比表面积及孔径分析仪、傅里叶红外光谱技术(FT-IR)、Boehm滴定法对生物质基炭膜的物理化学特性进行表征。以生物质基炭膜为电极材料,采用电吸附去除废水中Pb(Ⅱ),分别研究电压、电极板间距、初始Pb(Ⅱ)浓度对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,经硝酸氧化和水蒸气活化后的炭膜,其比表面积、总孔体积及含氧官能团均明显增加。改性后生物质基炭膜电极对Pb(Ⅱ)的去除率是未改性生物质基炭膜电极的3.87倍,在电压3V,Pb(Ⅱ)初始浓度50mg/L,电极板间距25mm电吸附条件下,Pb(Ⅱ)去除率为46.53%,吸附容量为48.08mg/g。该炭膜能够再生和重复利用,但是炭膜稳定性还需进一步改进。电吸附过程符合准一级动力学模型。
The biomass-based modified carbon membranes were prepared from the split leather by carbonization, oxidation with nitric acid and activation with water vapor. The physical and chemical characteristics of biomass-based carbon membrane were characterized by specific surface area and pore size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and Boehm titration. Pb(Ⅱ) in wastewater was removed by electrosorption by using the biomass-based carbon membrane as electrode material, The effects of voltage, electrode spacing and initial Pb(Ⅱ) concentration on the adsorption efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the specific surface area, the total pore volume and the oxygen containing groups of the modified carbon membranes were all increased significantly after the oxidation with nitric acid and the activation with water vapor. The removal efficiency of Pb(Ⅱ) by modified carbon membrane electrode was 3.87 times that by unmodified carbon membrane electrode. The removal rate of Pb(Ⅱ) reached 46.53% and the adsorption capacity was 48.08 mg/g at the electrosorption conditions of voltage of 3 V, initial Pb(Ⅱ) concentration of 50 mg/L, and electrode plate spacing of 25 mm. The electrode can be regenerated and recycled while the stability of the carbon membrane is expected to be further improved. The Psdueo-first-order kinetics model could be applied to describe the electrosorption of Pb(Ⅱ) for the biomass-based carbon membrance.
The biomass-based modified carbon membranes were prepared from the split leather by carbonization, oxidation with nitric acid and activation with water vapor. The physical and chemical characteristics of biomass-based carbon membrane were characterized by specific surface area and pore size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and Boehm titration. Pb(Ⅱ) in wastewater was removed by electrosorption by using the biomass-based carbon membrane as electrode material, The effects of voltage, electrode spacing and initial Pb(Ⅱ) concentration on the adsorption efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the specific surface area, the total pore volume and the oxygen containing groups of the modified carbon membranes were all increased significantly after the oxidation with nitric acid and the activation with water vapor. The removal efficiency of Pb(Ⅱ) by modified carbon membrane electrode was 3.87 times that by unmodified carbon membrane electrode. The removal rate of Pb(Ⅱ) reached 46.53% and the adsorption capacity was 48.08 mg/g at the electrosorption conditions of voltage of 3 V, initial Pb(Ⅱ) concentration of 50 mg/L, and electrode plate spacing of 25 mm. The electrode can be regenerated and recycled while the stability of the carbon membrane is expected to be further improved. The Psdueo-first-order kinetics model could be applied to describe the electrosorption of Pb(Ⅱ) for the biomass-based carbon membrance.
引文
[1]Inyang M,Gao B,Yao Y,et al.Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by biochars derived from anaerobically digested biomass.Bioresource Technology[J].2012,110:50-56.
[2]Akbal F,Camci S.Copper,chromium and nickel removal from metal plating wastewater by electrocoagulation.Desalination[J].2011,269(1/2/3):214-222.
[3]Porada S,Zhao R,van der Wal A,et al.Review on the science and technology of water desalination by capacitive deionization.Progress in Materials Science[J].2013,58(8):1388-1442.
[4]Park k K,Lee J B,Park P Y,et al.Development of a carbon sheet electrode for electrosorption desalination.Desalination[J].2006,206(1):86-91.
[5]Li H,Pan L,Lu T,et al.A comparative study on electrosorptive behavior of carbon nanotubes and graphene for capacitive deionization.J Electroanal Chemistry[J].2011,653(1):40-44.
[6]Soldatov V S,Sokolova V I,Medyak G V,et al.Binary ion exchange equilibria in systems containing,Cl-and on fibrous anion exchangers with tetraalky lammomium groups.Reactive and Functional Polymers[J].2007,67(12):1530-1539.
[7]李琳.聚酰亚胺基炭膜的制备、热解机理及结构调控[D].大连:大连理工大学,2013.
[8]张越,林珈羽,刘沅,等.生物炭对铅离子的吸附性能.化工环保[J].2015,35(2):177-181.
[9]刘沅,夏靖靖,童仕唐,等.生物质基炭膜的制备及其对Pb(II)的吸附.环境工程学报[J].2016,10(11):6171-6178.
[10]程杰,张文峰,方敏,等.活性炭电极电容法脱盐性能的研究.精细化工[J].2008,25(6):521-528.
[11]毛磊,童仕唐,王宇.对用于活性炭表面含氧官能团分析的Boehm滴定法的几点讨论.炭素技术[J].2011,30(2):17-19.
[12]丁春生,贡飞,陈姗,等.硝酸改性活性炭的制备及其对Cr(VI)的吸附性能.化工环保[J].2013,33(4):344-348.
[13]Egashira M,Taketsuji H,Okada S.Properties of containing Sn nanoparticles activated carbon fiber for a negative electrode in lithium batteries.Journal of Power Sources[J].2002,107(1):56-60.
[14]Chen B L,Chen Z M,Lv S F.A novel magnetic biochar efficiently sorbs organic pollutants and phosphate.Bioresource Technology[J].2011,102(2):716-723.
[15]施周,靳兆祺,邓林,等.CNT/PANI电极吸附去除水中Cu2+的研究.中国环境科学报[J].2016,36(12):3650-3656.
[16]郭雅妮,强雪妮,李海红,等.不同预处理方法对活性炭纤维结构和吸附性能的影响.环境工程学报[J].2016,10(5):2227-2232.
[17]Ahmed M Soliman,Hanan M Elwy,Thies Thiemann,et al.Removal of Pb(II)ions from aqueous solutions by sulphuric acid-treated palm tree leaves.Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers[J].2016,58:264-273.
[18]孟冠华,李爱民,张全兴.活性炭的表面含氧官能团及其对吸附影响的研究进展.离子交换与吸附[J].2007,23(1):88-94.
[19]杨灵芳.等离子强化碳纳米管及其复合物电极电容去除铅离子研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2015.
[20]Wang G,Qian B Q,Dong Q,et al.Highly mesoporous activated carbon electrode for capacitive deionization.Separation and Purification Technology[J].2013,103:216-221.
[21]Han M G,Cho S K,Oh S G,et al.Preparation and characterization of polyaniline nanoparticles synthesized from DBSA micellar solution.Synthetic Metals[J].2002,126(1):53-60.
[22]常立民,于燕燕,段小月.活性炭电极电吸附甲基橙废水研究.水处理技术[J].2012,38(6):40-43.
[2]Akbal F,Camci S.Copper,chromium and nickel removal from metal plating wastewater by electrocoagulation.Desalination[J].2011,269(1/2/3):214-222.
[3]Porada S,Zhao R,van der Wal A,et al.Review on the science and technology of water desalination by capacitive deionization.Progress in Materials Science[J].2013,58(8):1388-1442.
[4]Park k K,Lee J B,Park P Y,et al.Development of a carbon sheet electrode for electrosorption desalination.Desalination[J].2006,206(1):86-91.
[5]Li H,Pan L,Lu T,et al.A comparative study on electrosorptive behavior of carbon nanotubes and graphene for capacitive deionization.J Electroanal Chemistry[J].2011,653(1):40-44.
[6]Soldatov V S,Sokolova V I,Medyak G V,et al.Binary ion exchange equilibria in systems containing,Cl-and on fibrous anion exchangers with tetraalky lammomium groups.Reactive and Functional Polymers[J].2007,67(12):1530-1539.
[7]李琳.聚酰亚胺基炭膜的制备、热解机理及结构调控[D].大连:大连理工大学,2013.
[8]张越,林珈羽,刘沅,等.生物炭对铅离子的吸附性能.化工环保[J].2015,35(2):177-181.
[9]刘沅,夏靖靖,童仕唐,等.生物质基炭膜的制备及其对Pb(II)的吸附.环境工程学报[J].2016,10(11):6171-6178.
[10]程杰,张文峰,方敏,等.活性炭电极电容法脱盐性能的研究.精细化工[J].2008,25(6):521-528.
[11]毛磊,童仕唐,王宇.对用于活性炭表面含氧官能团分析的Boehm滴定法的几点讨论.炭素技术[J].2011,30(2):17-19.
[12]丁春生,贡飞,陈姗,等.硝酸改性活性炭的制备及其对Cr(VI)的吸附性能.化工环保[J].2013,33(4):344-348.
[13]Egashira M,Taketsuji H,Okada S.Properties of containing Sn nanoparticles activated carbon fiber for a negative electrode in lithium batteries.Journal of Power Sources[J].2002,107(1):56-60.
[14]Chen B L,Chen Z M,Lv S F.A novel magnetic biochar efficiently sorbs organic pollutants and phosphate.Bioresource Technology[J].2011,102(2):716-723.
[15]施周,靳兆祺,邓林,等.CNT/PANI电极吸附去除水中Cu2+的研究.中国环境科学报[J].2016,36(12):3650-3656.
[16]郭雅妮,强雪妮,李海红,等.不同预处理方法对活性炭纤维结构和吸附性能的影响.环境工程学报[J].2016,10(5):2227-2232.
[17]Ahmed M Soliman,Hanan M Elwy,Thies Thiemann,et al.Removal of Pb(II)ions from aqueous solutions by sulphuric acid-treated palm tree leaves.Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers[J].2016,58:264-273.
[18]孟冠华,李爱民,张全兴.活性炭的表面含氧官能团及其对吸附影响的研究进展.离子交换与吸附[J].2007,23(1):88-94.
[19]杨灵芳.等离子强化碳纳米管及其复合物电极电容去除铅离子研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2015.
[20]Wang G,Qian B Q,Dong Q,et al.Highly mesoporous activated carbon electrode for capacitive deionization.Separation and Purification Technology[J].2013,103:216-221.
[21]Han M G,Cho S K,Oh S G,et al.Preparation and characterization of polyaniline nanoparticles synthesized from DBSA micellar solution.Synthetic Metals[J].2002,126(1):53-60.
[22]常立民,于燕燕,段小月.活性炭电极电吸附甲基橙废水研究.水处理技术[J].2012,38(6):40-43.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |