四川盆地中江地区中侏罗统上沙溪庙组储层控制因素分析
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摘要
上沙溪庙组是四川盆地中江地区勘探潜力较大的含油气层位之一。通过14口井231个样品普通薄片鉴定,79块铸体薄片面孔率统计,33个样品扫描电镜观察,42个砂岩样品孔隙度和渗透率实验结果,对中江地区中侏罗统上沙溪庙组砂岩储层进行研究,结果表明:研究区储层孔隙以次生孔隙为主,原生孔隙发育情况较差,其平均孔隙度为6.1%,平均渗透率为0.105×10-3μm2,总体表现为低孔、低渗特征。储集层性能的主要控制因素为沉积微相和成岩作用,机械压实、硅质胶结、碳酸盐胶结等使储层物性变差,早期的绿泥石环边胶结和溶蚀作用等则改善储集性能,三角洲前缘河道砂体储集性能较好。根据储层物性、孔隙结构参数等特征,中江地区上沙溪庙组砂岩可以划分为4种类型储层,其中Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类储集层最具勘探价值,Ⅰ类储集层见于曲流河三角洲前缘河道砂体,Ⅱ类储集层主要发育于辫状河三角洲前缘河道。
Upper Shaoximiao Formation is one of the gas stratigraphic horizons with great exploration potentiality in Zhongjiang region of Sichuan basin.This reservoir is investigated by analysis of lithology,thin sections,SEM and core properties.It is showed that the types of pore are mainly secondary pore,minor physical pore,and the reservoir is characterized by low porosity and permeability with average porosity of 6.1%,average permeability of 0.105×10-3 μm2.Sedimentary microfacies and digenesis are the main factors which affect the quality of reservoir.Compaction,siliceous cementation,carbonate cementation are unfavorable to the porosity and permeability of the sandstone,while denudation and chlorite cementation are favorable to the porosity and permeability of the sandstone.Distributary channel sandstone of delta front and delta plain are better microfacies for the reservoir development.According to petrophysical properties of reservoir and pore structure parameters,Upper Shaximiao Formation sandstone reservoir in Zhongjiang region could be classified into four types of reservoirs.The typeⅠ and typeⅡ reservoirs can be taken as the major target zones for exploration.Distributary channel sandstone of meandering delta front and meandering delta plain was typeⅠ,distributary channel sandstone of braided delta front and braided delta plain was typeⅡ.
Upper Shaoximiao Formation is one of the gas stratigraphic horizons with great exploration potentiality in Zhongjiang region of Sichuan basin.This reservoir is investigated by analysis of lithology,thin sections,SEM and core properties.It is showed that the types of pore are mainly secondary pore,minor physical pore,and the reservoir is characterized by low porosity and permeability with average porosity of 6.1%,average permeability of 0.105×10-3 μm2.Sedimentary microfacies and digenesis are the main factors which affect the quality of reservoir.Compaction,siliceous cementation,carbonate cementation are unfavorable to the porosity and permeability of the sandstone,while denudation and chlorite cementation are favorable to the porosity and permeability of the sandstone.Distributary channel sandstone of delta front and delta plain are better microfacies for the reservoir development.According to petrophysical properties of reservoir and pore structure parameters,Upper Shaximiao Formation sandstone reservoir in Zhongjiang region could be classified into four types of reservoirs.The typeⅠ and typeⅡ reservoirs can be taken as the major target zones for exploration.Distributary channel sandstone of meandering delta front and meandering delta plain was typeⅠ,distributary channel sandstone of braided delta front and braided delta plain was typeⅡ.
引文
[1]李智武,刘树根,陈洪德,等.龙门山冲断带分段_分带性构造格局及其差异变形特征[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(4):440-454.
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[4]陈洪德,徐胜林,林良彪,等.龙门山造山带晚三叠世构造隆升的分段性及层序充填响应[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):622-630.
[5]徐胜林,侯明才,林良彪,等.川西前陆盆地侏罗纪造层序地层格架内沉积充填特征[J].岩石学报,2011,27(8):2327-2338.
[6]李国新,徐胜林,陈洪德,等.川西坳陷中段中侏罗统上沙溪庙组层序岩相古地理及砂体展布特征[J].中国地质,2012,39(1):96-105.
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[9]张福顺,朱允辉,王芙蓉.准噶尔盆地腹部深埋储层次生孔隙成因机理研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(3):469-478.
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[11]王峰,田景春,陈蓉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界盒8储层特征及控制因素分析[J].沉积学报,2009,27(2):239-245.
[12]曾大乾,李淑贞.中国低渗透砂岩储层类型及地质特征[J].石油学报,1994,15(1):38-45.
[13]Ehrenberg S N.Preservation of anomalously high porosity in deeply buried sandstones by grain-coating chlorite:Examples from the Nor-wegian Continental Shelf[J].AAPG Bulletin,1993,77:1 260-1 286.
[14]Hillier S,Fallick A E,Matter A.Origin of pore-lining chlorite in the Aeolian Rotliegend of Northern Germanys[J].Clay Minerals,1996,31:153-171.
[15]Baker J C,Havord P J,Martin K R,et al.Diagenesis and petrophysics of the Early Permian Moogooloo Sandstone,southern CarnarvonBasin,Western Australia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(2):250-265.
[16]Billault V,Beaufort D,Baronnte A,et al.A nanopetrographic and textural study of grain coating chlorites in sandstone reservoirs[J].ClayMinerals,2003,38:315-328.
[17]黄思静,谢连文,张萌,等.中国三叠系陆相砂岩中自生绿泥石的形成机制及其与储层孔隙保存的关系[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(3):273-281.
[18]田建锋,陈振林,杨友运.自生绿泥石对砂岩储层孔隙的保护机理[J].地质科技情报,2008,27(4):49-54.
[2]李剑波,何金权,简万红.中江地区沙溪庙组层序地层特征初步研究[J].矿物岩石,1998,18(1):66-70.
[3]曾允孚,夏文杰.沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1986,112-114.
[4]陈洪德,徐胜林,林良彪,等.龙门山造山带晚三叠世构造隆升的分段性及层序充填响应[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):622-630.
[5]徐胜林,侯明才,林良彪,等.川西前陆盆地侏罗纪造层序地层格架内沉积充填特征[J].岩石学报,2011,27(8):2327-2338.
[6]李国新,徐胜林,陈洪德,等.川西坳陷中段中侏罗统上沙溪庙组层序岩相古地理及砂体展布特征[J].中国地质,2012,39(1):96-105.
[7]叶素娟,吕正祥.川西新场气田下沙溪庙组致密储层特征及储集性影响因素[J].矿物岩石,2010,30(3):96-104.
[8]朱剑兵,陈丽华,纪友亮,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘逆冲带上古生界孔隙发育影响因素[J].石油学报,2006,27(3):37-41.
[9]张福顺,朱允辉,王芙蓉.准噶尔盆地腹部深埋储层次生孔隙成因机理研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(3):469-478.
[10]高辉,孙卫.鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层成岩作用与有利成岩相带[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2010,40(3):542-548.
[11]王峰,田景春,陈蓉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界盒8储层特征及控制因素分析[J].沉积学报,2009,27(2):239-245.
[12]曾大乾,李淑贞.中国低渗透砂岩储层类型及地质特征[J].石油学报,1994,15(1):38-45.
[13]Ehrenberg S N.Preservation of anomalously high porosity in deeply buried sandstones by grain-coating chlorite:Examples from the Nor-wegian Continental Shelf[J].AAPG Bulletin,1993,77:1 260-1 286.
[14]Hillier S,Fallick A E,Matter A.Origin of pore-lining chlorite in the Aeolian Rotliegend of Northern Germanys[J].Clay Minerals,1996,31:153-171.
[15]Baker J C,Havord P J,Martin K R,et al.Diagenesis and petrophysics of the Early Permian Moogooloo Sandstone,southern CarnarvonBasin,Western Australia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(2):250-265.
[16]Billault V,Beaufort D,Baronnte A,et al.A nanopetrographic and textural study of grain coating chlorites in sandstone reservoirs[J].ClayMinerals,2003,38:315-328.
[17]黄思静,谢连文,张萌,等.中国三叠系陆相砂岩中自生绿泥石的形成机制及其与储层孔隙保存的关系[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2004,31(3):273-281.
[18]田建锋,陈振林,杨友运.自生绿泥石对砂岩储层孔隙的保护机理[J].地质科技情报,2008,27(4):49-54.