成熟探区物探技术发展方向——以中石油成熟探区为例
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摘要
成熟探区是地质认识比较成型、规模储量几近找完、勘探主体技术比较成熟的地区,待发现的剩余油气资源主要分布在现有地质认识、勘探技术与资料三个盲区内,需要认识与技术的创新和精耕细作才能发现,一旦找到则多数为优质储量。以中石油成熟探区为例,渤海湾成熟探区辽河、冀东、大港、华北等油田每年探明石油储量多数是在三个盲区深入挖潜发现的。但成熟探区剩余油气勘探面临物探技术方法不适用、部分资料难以满足精细地质评价等问题及挑战。为此,分析了成熟探区油气勘探面临的挑战,讨论了精细挖潜面临的"三个盲区"以及物探技术面临的问题,剖析了成熟探区近期物探技术实践中提高分辨率目标处理、连片叠前深度偏移和油藏地球物理取得的良好效果。研究认为,最大限度挖掘现有资料潜力、以提高地震资料分辨率和成像精度为核心的老资料处理解释挖潜,以及加强以"井-震-藏"一体化为核心的油藏地球物理技术发展,是提高成熟探区油藏建模和剩余油预测精度、寻找漏失油气藏的重要技术发展方向。
A mature exploration area is a region where the geological knowledge is relatively well known,the scale reserves are almost discovered,and the exploration technology is relatively mature.Most of the remaining oil and gas resources not yet discovered are high quality reserves,they are mainly distributed in the blind zone of existing geological understanding,exploration technology and data.Therefore,technological innovation and fine exploration are required.The Bohai Bay basin is a typical mature exploration area.In the past three years,the oil reserves of four oilfields in Bohai Bay have been discovered in the "three blind zones".In this paper,challenges in the exploration of mature exploration areas represented by Bohai Bay are analyzed,"three blind zones" and required geophysical technology for fine exploration are discussed.Moreover,the effective geophysical exploration techniques in mature exploration areas are analyzed,including high-resolution target-oriented processing,merging processing of pre-stack depth migration,and reservoir geophysical techniques.To improve the accuracy of reservoir modeling and remaining oil prediction in mature exploration areas,exploiting the potential of old data is required.We suggest developing processing and interpretation of old data which focus on improving resolution and imaging accuracy,and reservoir geophysical technology which combines the well,seismic,and reservoir data.
A mature exploration area is a region where the geological knowledge is relatively well known,the scale reserves are almost discovered,and the exploration technology is relatively mature.Most of the remaining oil and gas resources not yet discovered are high quality reserves,they are mainly distributed in the blind zone of existing geological understanding,exploration technology and data.Therefore,technological innovation and fine exploration are required.The Bohai Bay basin is a typical mature exploration area.In the past three years,the oil reserves of four oilfields in Bohai Bay have been discovered in the "three blind zones".In this paper,challenges in the exploration of mature exploration areas represented by Bohai Bay are analyzed,"three blind zones" and required geophysical technology for fine exploration are discussed.Moreover,the effective geophysical exploration techniques in mature exploration areas are analyzed,including high-resolution target-oriented processing,merging processing of pre-stack depth migration,and reservoir geophysical techniques.To improve the accuracy of reservoir modeling and remaining oil prediction in mature exploration areas,exploiting the potential of old data is required.We suggest developing processing and interpretation of old data which focus on improving resolution and imaging accuracy,and reservoir geophysical technology which combines the well,seismic,and reservoir data.
引文
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[5] 张林晔,李政,孔样星,等.成熟探区油气资源评价方法研究——以渤海湾盆地牛庄洼陷为例[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(4):477-489ZHANG L Y,LI Z,KONG Y X,et al.Study on evaluation method of petroleum resources in mature exploration area:Taking Niuzhuang sag of Bohaiwan Basin as an example[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(4):477-489
[6] 解国军,金之钧,肖焕钦,等.成熟探区未发现油藏规模预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(3):16-18XIE G J,JIN Z J,XIAO H Q,et al.Undiscovered pool sizes prediction of higher exploration degree area[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,2003,30(3):16-18
[7] 赵邦六,王喜双,董世泰,等.渤海湾盆地物探技术需求及发展方向[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(2):396-409ZHAO B L,WANG X S,DONG S T,et al.Geophysical prospecting requirements and development direction in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(2):396-409
[8] 王喜双,赵邦六,董世泰,等.面向叠前成像与储层预测的地震采集关键参数综述[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(2):33-38WANG X S,ZHAO B L,DONG S T,et al.Key parameters of seismic acquisition for surface pre-stack imaging and reservoir prediction[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(2):33-38