汽车油箱中油液晃动影响因素的数值分析
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摘要
汽车在变工况行驶时,油液在油箱中大幅度晃动会引发油液晃动噪声、油气挥发量增多和高变速时中断供给燃油等现象.为了研究变工况下油液在油箱中的晃动规律,建立了三维有限元充液油箱模型.利用VOF法,分别模拟了油箱布置方式、充液量、油箱形状、加速度、加速度持续时间和油箱内压力对油液晃动产生的影响,获得了油液晃动过程中的位置图、相同油液位置的平均动压力曲线和指定点的总压力历程曲线.结果表明:影响油液晃动较大的因素为充液量、油箱形状、加速度持续时间和加速度,分别为油液晃动动压力、压力波动、重力势能冲击力和最大压力值的主要因素.
When the automobile works under variable conditions,the large amplitude sloshing of oil liquid in fuel tank can lead to vibration noise,increasing evaporative emission and stopping supplying fuel at high speed. To investigate the law of oil liquid sloshing in fuel tank,the 3 D finite element model of tank filled with oil liquid was established. The effects of tank arrangement way,filling amount,tank shape,acceleration, keeping acceleration time and tank pressure on oil liquid sloshing were simulated respectively,and the position diagram,the dynamic pressure curve of designated oil liquid position and the total pressure curve of designated point were obtained by volume of fluid( VOF) method. The simulation results show that the major influencing factors on oil liquid sloshing are filling amount,fuel tank shape,keeping acceleration time and acceleration,which are the primary factors of dynamic pressure of oil liquid sloshing,pressure fluctuation,impact force of gravity potential energy and the maximum pressure value,respectively.
When the automobile works under variable conditions,the large amplitude sloshing of oil liquid in fuel tank can lead to vibration noise,increasing evaporative emission and stopping supplying fuel at high speed. To investigate the law of oil liquid sloshing in fuel tank,the 3 D finite element model of tank filled with oil liquid was established. The effects of tank arrangement way,filling amount,tank shape,acceleration, keeping acceleration time and tank pressure on oil liquid sloshing were simulated respectively,and the position diagram,the dynamic pressure curve of designated oil liquid position and the total pressure curve of designated point were obtained by volume of fluid( VOF) method. The simulation results show that the major influencing factors on oil liquid sloshing are filling amount,fuel tank shape,keeping acceleration time and acceleration,which are the primary factors of dynamic pressure of oil liquid sloshing,pressure fluctuation,impact force of gravity potential energy and the maximum pressure value,respectively.
引文
[1]岳宝增.液体大幅晃动动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[2]王照林,刘延柱.充液系统动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[3]杨瑞.基于ALE有限元法的飞机整体油箱燃油晃动特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
[4]李显生,孟祥雨,郑雪莲,等.非满载罐体内液体冲击动力学特性[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2017,47(3):737-743.LI X S,MENG X Y,ZHENG X L,et al. Dynamic characteristics of liquid sloshing in partially-filled tank[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2017,47(3):737-743.(in Chinese)
[5] SHEU T W H,LEE S M. Large-amplitude sloshing in an oil tanker with bame-plate/drilled holes[J]. International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics,1998(10):45-60.
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[8]陈冬娇.汽车振动对汽油箱内汽油挥发的影响研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2004.
[9] HASSANVAND S,HASHEMABADI S H,BAYAT M.Evaluation of gasoline evaporation during the tank splash loading by CFD techniques[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2010,37:907-913.
[10]田哲文,谢鑫,戚叶峰,等.基于VOF方法小型赛车燃油晃动数值仿真[J].汽车科技,2016(6):93-97.TIAN Z W,XIE X,QI Y F,et al. Numerical simulation of small racing car fuel sloshing based on VOF method[J]. Auto Mobile Science and Technology,2016(6):93-97.(in Chinese)
[2]王照林,刘延柱.充液系统动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[3]杨瑞.基于ALE有限元法的飞机整体油箱燃油晃动特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
[4]李显生,孟祥雨,郑雪莲,等.非满载罐体内液体冲击动力学特性[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2017,47(3):737-743.LI X S,MENG X Y,ZHENG X L,et al. Dynamic characteristics of liquid sloshing in partially-filled tank[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2017,47(3):737-743.(in Chinese)
[5] SHEU T W H,LEE S M. Large-amplitude sloshing in an oil tanker with bame-plate/drilled holes[J]. International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics,1998(10):45-60.
[6]费翔.汽车燃油箱油液晃动噪声分析技术研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2014.
[7] AUS DER WIESCHE S. Noise due to sloshing within automotive fuel tanks[J]. Forsch Ingenieurwes,2006,70:13-24.
[8]陈冬娇.汽车振动对汽油箱内汽油挥发的影响研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2004.
[9] HASSANVAND S,HASHEMABADI S H,BAYAT M.Evaluation of gasoline evaporation during the tank splash loading by CFD techniques[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2010,37:907-913.
[10]田哲文,谢鑫,戚叶峰,等.基于VOF方法小型赛车燃油晃动数值仿真[J].汽车科技,2016(6):93-97.TIAN Z W,XIE X,QI Y F,et al. Numerical simulation of small racing car fuel sloshing based on VOF method[J]. Auto Mobile Science and Technology,2016(6):93-97.(in Chinese)