磷钨酸催化蓖麻油制备生物柴油研究
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摘要
以蓖麻油为原料,采用酯交换法合成了生物柴油。采用单因素法优化实验条件,得出较优条件:反应温度为65℃,反应时间为3 h,催化剂用量为蓖麻油质量的8%,n (甲醇)∶n (蓖麻油)=6∶1,生物柴油通过减压蒸馏进行提纯,利用气相色谱测得生物柴油中棕榈酸甲酯的相对含量为2.93%,硬脂酸甲酯的相对含量为4.85%,并测定了生物柴油的密度和粘度。生物柴油的产率达到78.17%。
With astor oil as raw material, biodiesel was synthesized by transesterification. The experimental conditions were optimized by single factor method.The rapeseed have a good conversion at 68 ℃ for 3 h when the amount of catalyst was 8%of the weight of castor oil, and n(methanol)∶n(castor oil) = 6∶1. Moreover biodiesel was purified by vacuum distillation and measured by gas chromatography,the content of methyl palmitate and methyl stearate in biodiesel was 4.85% and2.93% respectively. Meanwhite the density and viscosity of biodiesel were measured. The yield of biodiesel was 78.1%.
With astor oil as raw material, biodiesel was synthesized by transesterification. The experimental conditions were optimized by single factor method.The rapeseed have a good conversion at 68 ℃ for 3 h when the amount of catalyst was 8%of the weight of castor oil, and n(methanol)∶n(castor oil) = 6∶1. Moreover biodiesel was purified by vacuum distillation and measured by gas chromatography,the content of methyl palmitate and methyl stearate in biodiesel was 4.85% and2.93% respectively. Meanwhite the density and viscosity of biodiesel were measured. The yield of biodiesel was 78.1%.
引文
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[4]魏红明,赵华.生物柴油制备方法及应用现状[J].当代化工,2006,30(4):246-249.
[5] Zhang Y, Dube M A, Mc Lean D D, et al. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil. Process design and technogical assesment[J].Bioresource Technology, 2003(89):1-16.
[6]冯桂荣,康江宏,杜洁,等.蓖麻油制备生物柴油的研究[J].煤炭与化工,2017,11(2):5-8.
[7] H Raheman, A G Phadatare. Diese engine eminssions and performance from Karanja methyl ester and diesel[J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2004, 27:393-397.
[8] Georgoginni K G, Kontominas MG Tegou E, et al. Biodiesel production:reaction and process of alkali-catalysed transesterification of waste frying-oils[J]. Energy and fuels, 2007(33):1 629-1 636.
[9]韩明汉,陈和,王金福.生物柴油制备技术的研究进展[J].石油化工,2006,35(12):1 119-1 124.
[10]孟令芝,龚淑玲,何永炳.有机波谱分析[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2009:287.
[11]韩德奇,徐国英,徐会林,等.生物柴油的现状与发展前景[J].国际石油经济,2002(5):32-35.
[12]苑丽,高文艺,张晓丽,等.固体酸催化酯交换制备生物柴油的研究进展[J].化学与生物工程,2008(3):16-18.
[13]郭志璜.生物柴油——绿色环保汽车燃料[J].精细石油化工进展,2002(11):15-18.
[14]刘伟伟,苏有勇,张无敌,等.生物柴油中甘油含量测定方法的研究[J].可再生能源,2005(3):25.
[15]郭峰.新型固体酸碱催化剂的制备及其在生物柴油合成中的应用[D].大连理工大学,2010.
[16]李念.固体磷钨酸铯盐催化光皮树油制备生物柴油[D].中南大学,2010.
[17]王坡,汪向阳.乙醇与餐饮废油制备生物柴油的工艺研究[J].安徽化工,2011(2):25-26.
[18]王赫麟,张无敌,尹芳.生物柴油中甘油含量测定及甘油分离提纯工艺研究[J].安徽农学通报,2007(12):33-35.
[19]方健,苏小建,李明月.八角籽仁油脂理化性质及微波催化制备生物柴油的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008(32):12-15.