寿县国家气候观象台的冬季大气光学特征
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摘要
利用中国气象局寿县国家气候观象台的太阳光度计、浊度仪和颗粒物监测仪,观测并分析了寿县冬季大气光学特性,得到了气溶胶光学厚度、散射系数、吸收系数和单次散射反照率的日变化规律。结果表明,随着气溶胶含量的增加,颗粒物含量增加,气溶胶光学厚度、散射系数和单次散射反照率增大,气溶胶波长指数和大气浑浊度系数也增大。不对称因子、后向散射比、散射系数、单次散射反照率和波长指数表征了气溶胶粒子大小变化规律。
By using the sun photometer,nephelometer and particle matter monitor of national climatology observatory in Shouxian,the atmospheric optical characteristics in Shouxian are observed and analyzed in winter.The daily variation rules of optical depth of aerosol,scattering and absorption coefficient,and single scattering albedo are obtained.Results show that,with the increasing of aerosol content,particle matter content also increases,the optical depth of aerosol,scattering coefficient and single scattering albedo increase,and the aerosol′s wavelength index and atmospheric turbidity coefficient also increase.The size changing of aerosol particles can be characterized by asymmetric factors,backscattering ratio,scattering coefficient,single scattering albedo and wavelength index together.
By using the sun photometer,nephelometer and particle matter monitor of national climatology observatory in Shouxian,the atmospheric optical characteristics in Shouxian are observed and analyzed in winter.The daily variation rules of optical depth of aerosol,scattering and absorption coefficient,and single scattering albedo are obtained.Results show that,with the increasing of aerosol content,particle matter content also increases,the optical depth of aerosol,scattering coefficient and single scattering albedo increase,and the aerosol′s wavelength index and atmospheric turbidity coefficient also increase.The size changing of aerosol particles can be characterized by asymmetric factors,backscattering ratio,scattering coefficient,single scattering albedo and wavelength index together.
引文
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[18]Shendrikar A D,Steinmetz W K.Integrating nephelometer measurements for the airborne fine particulate matter(PM2.5)mass concentrations[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37:1383-1392.
[19]Delene D J,Ogren J A.Variability of aerosol optical properties at four north American surface monitoring sites[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,2002,59(6):1135-1150.
[20]Cao X J,Zhang L,Li X,et al.Analyses on aerosol absorption and scattering properties in Zhangye region[J].Plateau Meteorology,2010,29(5):1246-1253.曹贤洁,张镭,李霞,等.张掖地区气溶胶吸收和散射特性分析[J].高原气象,2010,29(5):1246-1253.
[21]Wang Y F,Ma Y J,Lu Z Y,et al.Atmospheric particle concentration characteristics in Benxi,Liaoning[J].Environmental Chemistry,2012,31(2):235-242.王扬锋,马雁军,陆忠艳,等.辽宁本溪大气颗粒物浓度特征[J].环境化学,2012,31(2):235-242.
[22]Sun Z,Yang Y Q,Xu X L,et al.Analysis of aerosol concentration characteristics under continuous synoptic systems in Qingdao[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2010,31(4):871-876.孙贞,杨育强,徐晓亮,等.青岛市连续天气过程中不同气溶胶浓度特征对比分析[J].环境科学,2010,31(4):871-876.
[23]Yan W L,Zhou D P,Wang Y F,et al.Concentrations and size distributions of inhalable particles in summer and winter in Shenyang[J].Journal of Applied Meteorological Science,2008,19(4):435-443.严文莲,周德平,王扬峰,等.沈阳冬夏季可吸入颗粒物浓度及尺度谱分布特征[J].应用气象学报,2008,19(4):435-443.
[24]Bian L,Li B S,Li D H.Key Technologies and error analysis of sun photometer CE318[J].Modern Scientific Instruments,2013,6:156-160.卞良,李保生,李冬辉.CE318型太阳光度计关键技术及误差分析[J].现在仪器技术,2013,6:156-160.
[25]?ngstr?m A.On the atmospheric transmission of sun radiation and on dust in the air[J].Geografiska Annaler,1929,11:156-166.
[26]?ngstr?m A.On the atmospheric transmission of sun radiation.Ⅱ[J].Geografiska Annaler,1930,12(2/3):130-159.
[27]?ngstr?m A.Techniques of determinig the turbidity of the atmosphere[J].Tellus,1961,13(2):214-223.
[28]Song G N,Yang X Y,Fu P J.Aerosol optical parameter observations in Lanzhou City[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences),2013,49(4):470-473,482.宋广宁,杨小银,付培健.兰州市大气气溶胶的太阳光度计观测分析[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2013,49(4):470-473,482.
[29]Zhang L Y,Yan P,Mao J T,et al.Observatin study on aerosol scattering phase function at Raoyang of Hebei,China[J].Journal of Applied Meteorological Science,2017,28(4):436-446.张霖逸,颜鹏,毛节泰,等.气溶胶散射相函数的单站观测研究[J].应用气象学报,2017,28(4):436-446.
[30]H?nel G.Single scattering albedo,asymmetry parameter,apparent refractive index,and apparent soot content of dry atmospheric particles[J].Applied Optics,1988,27(11):2287-2295.
[31]Bahadur R,Praveen P S,Xu Y,et al.Solar absorption by elemental and brown carbon determined from spectral observations[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2012,109(43):17366-17371.
[32]Xie Y S,Li Z Q,Li L,et al.Study on influence of different mixing rules on the aerosol components retrieval from ground-based remote sensing measurements[J].Atmospheric Research,2014,145-146:267-278.
[33]Feng Y,Ramanathan V,Kotamarthi V R.Brown carbon:a significant atmospheric absorber of solar radiation?[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2013,13(17):8607-8621.
[34]Hu F C,Zhang B,Chen Z C,et al.Improved algorithm for the retrieval of aerosol optical depth using the sunpohometer CE 318[J].Optical Technique,2007,33(S1):38-41,43.胡方超,张兵,陈正超,等.利用太阳光度计CE318反演气溶胶光学厚度改进算法的研究[J].光学技术,2007,33(S1):38-41,43.
[35]Liao G N.An introduction to atmospheric radiation[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2004:106-108.廖国男.大气辐射导论(第二版)[M].2版.北京:气象出版社,2004:106-108.
[2]Hu B,Zhang J,Zhang W,et al.A study of the properties of atmospheric aerosol over Lanzhou in winter and applications by using integrating nephelometer[J].Journal of Lanzhou University,2005,41(3):19-25.胡波,张婕,张武,等.应用积分浑浊度仪研究兰州城市冬季大气气溶胶[J].兰州大学学报,2005,41(3):19-25.
[3]Wang X X,Wang J,Xiang X,et al.Particulate matter concentration change in the atmosphere in Anshan[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2009,22(6):656-662.王绪鑫,王冀,向旬,等.鞍山大气颗粒物浓度的变化特征[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(6):656-662.
[4]Salinas S V,ChewB N,Liew S C.Retrievals of aerosol optical depth andngstr9m exponent from ground-based Sun-photometer data of Singapore[J].Applied Optics,2009,48(8):1473-1484.
[5]Li Z Q,Li D H,Li K T,et al.Sun-sky radiometer observation network with the extension of multiwavelength polarization measurements[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2015,19(3):495-519.李正强,李东辉,李凯涛,等.扩展多波长偏振测量的太阳:天空辐射计观测网[J].遥感学报,2015,19(3):495-519.
[6]Xie Y S,Li Z Q,Li D H,et al.Aerosol optical and microphysical properties of four typical sites of SONET in China based on remote sensing measurements[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(8):9928-9953.
[7]Fan W,Han Y,Wang Y,et al.Analysis on aerosol scale height measured at inland and coastal zone[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2006,35(5):532-535.范伟,韩永,王毅,等.内陆和沿海地区大气气溶胶标高的测量分析[J].红外与激光工程,2006,35(5):532-535.
[8]Fan W,Wang Y,Rao R Z.Measurement of theatmospheric transmittance from visible to near infrared bands[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2006,35(3):402-407.范伟,王毅,饶瑞中.可见到近红外波段整层大气光谱透过率的测量研究[J].光子学报,2006,35(3):402-407.
[9]Che H Z,Zhao H J,Wu Y F,et al.Analyses of aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over urban and industrial regions in Northeast China[J].Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics,2015,127(3):345-354.
[10]Li Z Q,Li L,Zhang F X,et al.Comparison of aerosol properties over Beijing and Kanpur:optical,physical properties and aerosol component composition retrieved from 12 years ground-based sun-sky radiometer remote sensing data[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2015,120(4):1520-1535.
[11]Ma Y,Li Z Q,Li Z Z,et al.Validation of MODISaerosol optical depth retrieval over mountains in central China based on a sun-sky radiometer site of SONET[J].Remote Sensing,2016,8(2):111.
[12]Qiu G G,Li X,Wei W,et al.Experiment and analysis of on-orbit radiometric calibration for remote sensors based on in-site automated observation technology[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(7):0701001.邱刚刚,李新,韦玮,等.基于场地自动化观测技术的遥感器在轨辐射定标试验与分析[J].光学学报,2016,36(7):0701001.
[13]Huang H L,Yi W N,Qiao Y L.Validation of retrieving aerosol optical parameters over the sea using airborne directional polarized camera[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2014,34(6):0601004.黄红莲,易维宁,乔延利.基于航空偏振相机的海上气溶胶光学特性反演与验证[J].光学学报,2014,34(6):0601004.
[14]Zhai W C,Li J J,Zheng X B,et al.Research on method of calibrating sun channels of sun radiometers[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2012,32(4):0412004.翟文超,李健军,郑小兵,等.太阳辐射计直射通道实验室定标方法研究[J].光学学报,2012,32(4):0412004.
[15]Xu Q Y,Zheng X B,Zhang W,et al.Advanced calibration method for sun radiometers[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2010,30(5):1337-1342.徐秋云,郑小兵,张伟,等.太阳辐射计先进定标方法研究[J].光学学报,2010,30(5):1337-1342.
[16]Charlson R J.The integrating nepholometer[J].Atmospheric Technology,1980,12:10-14.
[17]Chan Y C,Simpson R W,McTainsh G H,et al.Source apportionment of visibility degradation problems in Brisbane(Australia)using the multiple linear regression techniques[J].Atmospheric Environment,1999,33(19):3237-3250.
[18]Shendrikar A D,Steinmetz W K.Integrating nephelometer measurements for the airborne fine particulate matter(PM2.5)mass concentrations[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37:1383-1392.
[19]Delene D J,Ogren J A.Variability of aerosol optical properties at four north American surface monitoring sites[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,2002,59(6):1135-1150.
[20]Cao X J,Zhang L,Li X,et al.Analyses on aerosol absorption and scattering properties in Zhangye region[J].Plateau Meteorology,2010,29(5):1246-1253.曹贤洁,张镭,李霞,等.张掖地区气溶胶吸收和散射特性分析[J].高原气象,2010,29(5):1246-1253.
[21]Wang Y F,Ma Y J,Lu Z Y,et al.Atmospheric particle concentration characteristics in Benxi,Liaoning[J].Environmental Chemistry,2012,31(2):235-242.王扬锋,马雁军,陆忠艳,等.辽宁本溪大气颗粒物浓度特征[J].环境化学,2012,31(2):235-242.
[22]Sun Z,Yang Y Q,Xu X L,et al.Analysis of aerosol concentration characteristics under continuous synoptic systems in Qingdao[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2010,31(4):871-876.孙贞,杨育强,徐晓亮,等.青岛市连续天气过程中不同气溶胶浓度特征对比分析[J].环境科学,2010,31(4):871-876.
[23]Yan W L,Zhou D P,Wang Y F,et al.Concentrations and size distributions of inhalable particles in summer and winter in Shenyang[J].Journal of Applied Meteorological Science,2008,19(4):435-443.严文莲,周德平,王扬峰,等.沈阳冬夏季可吸入颗粒物浓度及尺度谱分布特征[J].应用气象学报,2008,19(4):435-443.
[24]Bian L,Li B S,Li D H.Key Technologies and error analysis of sun photometer CE318[J].Modern Scientific Instruments,2013,6:156-160.卞良,李保生,李冬辉.CE318型太阳光度计关键技术及误差分析[J].现在仪器技术,2013,6:156-160.
[25]?ngstr?m A.On the atmospheric transmission of sun radiation and on dust in the air[J].Geografiska Annaler,1929,11:156-166.
[26]?ngstr?m A.On the atmospheric transmission of sun radiation.Ⅱ[J].Geografiska Annaler,1930,12(2/3):130-159.
[27]?ngstr?m A.Techniques of determinig the turbidity of the atmosphere[J].Tellus,1961,13(2):214-223.
[28]Song G N,Yang X Y,Fu P J.Aerosol optical parameter observations in Lanzhou City[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences),2013,49(4):470-473,482.宋广宁,杨小银,付培健.兰州市大气气溶胶的太阳光度计观测分析[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2013,49(4):470-473,482.
[29]Zhang L Y,Yan P,Mao J T,et al.Observatin study on aerosol scattering phase function at Raoyang of Hebei,China[J].Journal of Applied Meteorological Science,2017,28(4):436-446.张霖逸,颜鹏,毛节泰,等.气溶胶散射相函数的单站观测研究[J].应用气象学报,2017,28(4):436-446.
[30]H?nel G.Single scattering albedo,asymmetry parameter,apparent refractive index,and apparent soot content of dry atmospheric particles[J].Applied Optics,1988,27(11):2287-2295.
[31]Bahadur R,Praveen P S,Xu Y,et al.Solar absorption by elemental and brown carbon determined from spectral observations[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2012,109(43):17366-17371.
[32]Xie Y S,Li Z Q,Li L,et al.Study on influence of different mixing rules on the aerosol components retrieval from ground-based remote sensing measurements[J].Atmospheric Research,2014,145-146:267-278.
[33]Feng Y,Ramanathan V,Kotamarthi V R.Brown carbon:a significant atmospheric absorber of solar radiation?[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2013,13(17):8607-8621.
[34]Hu F C,Zhang B,Chen Z C,et al.Improved algorithm for the retrieval of aerosol optical depth using the sunpohometer CE 318[J].Optical Technique,2007,33(S1):38-41,43.胡方超,张兵,陈正超,等.利用太阳光度计CE318反演气溶胶光学厚度改进算法的研究[J].光学技术,2007,33(S1):38-41,43.
[35]Liao G N.An introduction to atmospheric radiation[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2004:106-108.廖国男.大气辐射导论(第二版)[M].2版.北京:气象出版社,2004:106-108.
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