我国安全情报类法律法规政策扩散分析
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摘要
[目的/意义]探究总结国家安全情报类法律法规的主题扩散趋势,为今后中央层级和地方层级制定类似法规提供借鉴和参考。[方法/过程]在获取符合要求的材料的基础上,基于政策扩散理论,采取量化的方式,通过横向扩散和纵向扩散两个视角进行分析,以关键词的权重作为分析指标,计算承继比、扩散比和创新比。[结果/结论]同一年度地方层级颁布的法律法规文本和中央层级颁布的法律法规文本在主题承继上保持了一致性,很好地落实了中央的精神,但是也结合了各个地方的实际情况作出了一定的深化;同一层级中,中央层级更好的从宏观角度进行法律法规方向的把握,同时合理进行政策的评估与调整,地方层级在很大程度上对前一年的政策主题进行承继,但是创新程度有待加强。
[Purpose/Significance]In the paper, we aim to explore and summarize the thematic diffusion trend of national security and intelligence laws and regulations, and to provide reference for formulating similar laws and regulations at the central and local levels in the future.[Method/Process]Based on the theory of policy diffusion, we adopt quantitative method to analyze the data from the perspectives of horizontal diffusion and vertical diffusion, and calculate the inheritance ratio, diffusion ratio and innovation ratio with the weight of key words as the analysis index.[Results/Conclusion]In the same year, the texts of laws and regulations promulgated at the local level and those promulgated at the central level have maintained consistency in theme inheritance, and have well implemented the spirit of the central government, but they have also made certain deepening in the light of the actual situation of various places. At the same level, the central level has better grasp of the direction of laws and regulations from a macro perspective. The local level inherits the policy theme of the previous year to a great extent, but the degree of innovation needs to be strengthened.
[Purpose/Significance]In the paper, we aim to explore and summarize the thematic diffusion trend of national security and intelligence laws and regulations, and to provide reference for formulating similar laws and regulations at the central and local levels in the future.[Method/Process]Based on the theory of policy diffusion, we adopt quantitative method to analyze the data from the perspectives of horizontal diffusion and vertical diffusion, and calculate the inheritance ratio, diffusion ratio and innovation ratio with the weight of key words as the analysis index.[Results/Conclusion]In the same year, the texts of laws and regulations promulgated at the local level and those promulgated at the central level have maintained consistency in theme inheritance, and have well implemented the spirit of the central government, but they have also made certain deepening in the light of the actual situation of various places. At the same level, the central level has better grasp of the direction of laws and regulations from a macro perspective. The local level inherits the policy theme of the previous year to a great extent, but the degree of innovation needs to be strengthened.
引文
[1] 李志鹏.总体国家安全观法治化刍议[J].江南社会学院学报,2016,18(1):6-11.
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[13] 裴雷,张奇萍,李向举,等.中国信息化政策扩散中的政策主题跟踪研究[J].图书与情报,2016(6):63-71.
[14] Walker J L.The diffusion of innovations among the american states[J].American Political Science Review,1969,63(3):881-893.
[15] 埃弗雷特·罗杰斯.创新的扩散[M].北京:中央编译出版社,2002.
[16] Brownl A,Coxk R.Empirical regularities in the diffusion of innovation[J].Annals of the Association of American Geographers,1971,61(3):551-559.
[17] Lucas A.Public policy diffusion research:Integrating analytic paradigms[J].Science Communication,1983(4):379-408.
[18] Grav Y.Innovation in the states:A diffusion study[J].American Political Science Review,1973,67(4):1174-1185.
[19] Mintrom M.Policy entrepreneurs and the diffusion of innovation[J].Ame-rican Journal of Political Science,1997,41(3):738-770.
[20] 国家安全[EB/OL].[2019-03-27].https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8/1333 fr=aladdin.
[21] 刘跃进.国家安全学[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004.
[22] 全国人大法工委刑法室.中华人民共和国刑法(2015年编审版)[M].北京:中国民主法制出版社有限公司,2015.
[23] 王浦劬,赖先进.中国公共政策扩散的模式与机制分析[J].北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(6):14-23.
[2] 中华人民共和国国家情报法(2018)[EB/OL].[2019-03-27].http://law.npc.gov.cn/FLFG/flfgByID.action?flfgID=37532088&keyword=国家情报法&zlsxid=01
[3] 中华人民共和国反间谍法(2014)[EB/OL].[2019-03-27].http://law.npc.gov.cn/FLFG/flfgByID.action?flfgID=34496504&keyword=中华人民共和国反间谍法&zlsxid=01.
[4] 张剑,黄萃,叶选挺,等.中国公共政策扩散的文献量化研究——以科技成果转化政策为例[J].中国软科学,2016(2):145-155.
[5] 贺延辉.俄罗斯国家情报工作制度研究[J].图书与情报,2018(6):16-24.
[6] 彭亚平,王亮.俄罗斯联邦情报法制建设及其特点[J].情报杂志,2017,36(1):14-17.
[7] 毛楚众.俄罗斯反恐情报体系的历史演进[J].黑河学刊,2017(5):84-86.
[8] 王腾飞,张学建.俄罗斯情报法规概念试析[J].法制博览,2016(24):199-200.
[9] 启光.全球化进程中的国际教育政策转移[J].比较教育研究,2009(12):80-85.
[10] 赵慧.中国社会政策创新及扩散:以养老保险政策为例[J].国家行政学院学报,2013(6):44-48.
[11] 郭璇.试析全球化语境下创意产业政策的移植和扩散机制[J].浙江社会科学,2015(6):82-86,158.
[12] 邢尊明.我国地方政府体育产业政策行为研究———基于政策扩散理论的省(级)际政策实践调查与实证分析[J].体育科学,2016(36):27-37.
[13] 裴雷,张奇萍,李向举,等.中国信息化政策扩散中的政策主题跟踪研究[J].图书与情报,2016(6):63-71.
[14] Walker J L.The diffusion of innovations among the american states[J].American Political Science Review,1969,63(3):881-893.
[15] 埃弗雷特·罗杰斯.创新的扩散[M].北京:中央编译出版社,2002.
[16] Brownl A,Coxk R.Empirical regularities in the diffusion of innovation[J].Annals of the Association of American Geographers,1971,61(3):551-559.
[17] Lucas A.Public policy diffusion research:Integrating analytic paradigms[J].Science Communication,1983(4):379-408.
[18] Grav Y.Innovation in the states:A diffusion study[J].American Political Science Review,1973,67(4):1174-1185.
[19] Mintrom M.Policy entrepreneurs and the diffusion of innovation[J].Ame-rican Journal of Political Science,1997,41(3):738-770.
[20] 国家安全[EB/OL].[2019-03-27].https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8/1333 fr=aladdin.
[21] 刘跃进.国家安全学[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004.
[22] 全国人大法工委刑法室.中华人民共和国刑法(2015年编审版)[M].北京:中国民主法制出版社有限公司,2015.
[23] 王浦劬,赖先进.中国公共政策扩散的模式与机制分析[J].北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(6):14-23.