“工匠精神”的不可灌输性与培养进路
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摘要
新时代人们对发展质量与生活水准的进一步要求使得"工匠精神"的培育成为不能绕开的话题。目前在讨论和使用这一概念时常将作为德性的"工匠精神"与某种能力或情绪相混淆,而按照麦金太尔的德性学说,真正的工匠精神是无论通过"解释式"还是"激励式"的教育都无法直接灌输给人的。欲培养公民的工匠精神,在能力学习阶段就应注重兴趣的内在推动作用,并在社会上创设公平正义的外部环境。在社会各部门的配合与改革下,唯有促使人们作为德性核心潜能的公共理性充分发展,才能使工匠精神蔚然成风。
In the new era,people have higher demand for development quality and living standard so how to cultivate "craftsmanship spirit" becomes a hot topic. The current conceptual confusion of craftmanship spirit is reflected that people blend the moral aspect and skill aspect together. According to Macintyre's doctrine of virtue,true craftsmanship spirit,whether "explanatory" or "descriptive",can be installed directly. To cultivate people's awareness of this spirit require cultivating the inner motivation at the stage of competence learning with a justice social environment. With the cooperation of social departments and reform and the public justice,craftsmanship spirit will develop and become popular naturally.
In the new era,people have higher demand for development quality and living standard so how to cultivate "craftsmanship spirit" becomes a hot topic. The current conceptual confusion of craftmanship spirit is reflected that people blend the moral aspect and skill aspect together. According to Macintyre's doctrine of virtue,true craftsmanship spirit,whether "explanatory" or "descriptive",can be installed directly. To cultivate people's awareness of this spirit require cultivating the inner motivation at the stage of competence learning with a justice social environment. With the cooperation of social departments and reform and the public justice,craftsmanship spirit will develop and become popular naturally.
引文
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[3]李宏伟,别应龙.工匠精神的历史传承与当代培育[J].自然辩证法研究,2015,(8).
[4]亚里士多德.尼各马科伦理学[M].苗立田,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,1990.
[5]阿奎那.神学大全:第5册[M].周克勤,等,译.台湾:中华道明会、碧岳学社,2008.
[6]杨国荣.道德系统中的德性[J].中国社会科学,2000,(3).
[7]麦金太尔.德性之后[M].龚群,等,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,1995.
[8]康德.实用人类学[M].邓晓芒,译.上海:上海世纪出版集团,2005.
[9]马斯洛.动机与人格[M].许金声,等,译.华夏出版社,1987.
[10]Krapp A,Fink B.The development and function of interests during the critical transition from home to preschool[M]//Renninger A,et al.The role of interest in learning and development.NJ:Erlbaum,1992.
[11]周礼·考工记[M].
[12]柏拉图.理想国[M].商务印书馆,1994.
[13]罗尔斯.正义论[M].何怀宏,等,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2009.