铜元素对FeCr合金激光熔覆层性能影响及铣削加工减振机理研究
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摘要
针对大型离心式管线压缩机叶片激光熔覆修复层难加工问题,进行激光熔覆减振合金配方与修复层铣削加工一体化工艺理论研究。使用添加不同质量分数铜元素的Fe Cr合金粉料在KMN钢基体上制备激光熔覆修复层;通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪及能谱分析仪对修复层微观组织及物相组成进行观察分析;对修复层显微硬度进行测试;对修复层室温干摩擦情况下的耐磨性进行测试;采集修复层侧铣过程中的振动信号,分析铜元素质量分数对修复层铣削振动及表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明,铜元素的加入起到细化晶粒的作用,含铜修复层的硬度、耐磨性均优于不含铜元素的修复层;含铜修复层铣削振动有显著降低,有效避免了颤振出现。
Aiming at the processing difficulties of laser cladding remanufacturing layer of large centrifugal pipeline compressor blade, cladding damping alloy formula and repaired layer milling process theory are investigated. The laser cladding repaired layers are prepared by Fe Cr alloy and Cu mixed powder on KMN steel substrate. The microstructure, phase constitution, hardness and wear resistance of the repaired layer are investigated by scanning electron microscope, X- ray diffractometer, energy dispersive spectrometer, Vickers digital micro-hardness tester, sliding wear tester and optical profiler. Vibration signal is collected during side milling process of repaired layer. The impact of Cu on machining vibration and surface roughness is investigated. The results show that, the grain size decreases dramatically and the microstructure of repaired layer is refined with the Cu content increasing. The hardness and wear resistance of coatings with Cu are improved significantly. Machining vibrations of repaired layer with Cu are obviously reduced, and the chatter is effectively avoided occurring.
Aiming at the processing difficulties of laser cladding remanufacturing layer of large centrifugal pipeline compressor blade, cladding damping alloy formula and repaired layer milling process theory are investigated. The laser cladding repaired layers are prepared by Fe Cr alloy and Cu mixed powder on KMN steel substrate. The microstructure, phase constitution, hardness and wear resistance of the repaired layer are investigated by scanning electron microscope, X- ray diffractometer, energy dispersive spectrometer, Vickers digital micro-hardness tester, sliding wear tester and optical profiler. Vibration signal is collected during side milling process of repaired layer. The impact of Cu on machining vibration and surface roughness is investigated. The results show that, the grain size decreases dramatically and the microstructure of repaired layer is refined with the Cu content increasing. The hardness and wear resistance of coatings with Cu are improved significantly. Machining vibrations of repaired layer with Cu are obviously reduced, and the chatter is effectively avoided occurring.
引文
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19 Al-Regib E,Ni J,Lee S.Programming spindle speed variation for machine tool chatter suppression[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2003,43(12):1229-1240.
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24 Granato1 A,Lücke K.Application of dislocation theory to internal friction phenomena at high frequencies[J].Appl Phy,1956,27(7):789-805.
25 Liu Xianlan.Study on Mechanical Properties and Damping Capacities of Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr Alloy[D].Changsha:Central South University,2012.11-14.刘先兰.Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr合金的力学性能和阻尼性能研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.11-14.
2 Feng Hui,Li Jianfeng,Sun Jie.Study on remanufacturing repair of damaged crank shaft journal surface by laser cladding[J].Chinese J Lasers,2014,41(8):0803003.封慧,李剑峰,孙杰.曲轴轴颈损伤表面的激光熔覆再制造修复[J].中国激光,2014,41(8):0803003.
3 Li Jianing,Gong Shui Li,Wang Xichang,et al..Physical and surface performance of laser clad Ni based coating on a TA15-2 alloy[J].Chinese J Lasers,2013,40(11):1103008.李嘉宁,巩水利,王西昌,等.TA15-2合金表面激光熔覆Ni基涂层物理与表面性能[J].中国激光,2013,40(11):1103008.
4 Liu Haiqing,Liu Xiubo,Meng Xiangjun,et al..Study onγ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS high-temperature self-lubricating wear resistant composite coating on Ti-6Al-4V by laser cladding[J].Chinese J Lasers,2013,41(3):0303005.刘海青,刘秀波,孟祥军,等.Ti-6Al-4V合金激光熔覆γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS高温自润滑耐磨复合涂层研究[J].中国激光,2013,41(3):0303005.
5 Golmakaniyoon S,Mahmudi R.Microstructure and creep behavior of the rare-earth doped Mg-6Zn-3Cu cast alloy[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2011,528(3):1668-1677.
6 Lu Xili,Chen Feng,Li Weishu,et al..Effect of Ce addition on the microstructure and damping properties of Cu-Al-Mn shape memory alloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2009,480(2):608-611.
7 Zhang Zhongming,Wang Jincheng,Xu Donghui,et al..Effect of Al,Cu,Mg content on microstructure and damping capacity of zinc based alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous metals,1999,9(S1):1-6.张忠明,王锦程,徐东辉,等.铝、铜、镁对铸态锌基合金组织和阻尼性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,1999,9(S1):1-6.
8 Li Jiqing.Study on Preparation and Ageing Precipitation Behavior of Superlight Mg-Li Alloy with Cu Addition[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011.26-36.李吉庆.含铜超轻镁锂合金制备及其时效析出行为研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.26-36.
9 Azcoitia C,Karimi A.Magnetomechanical damping in Fe-Cr alloys and effect of Al and Mo addition[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2000,310(1):160-164.
10 Baik S.High damping Fe-Mn martensitic alloys for engineering applications[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2000,198(3):241-252.
11 Zhao Rongda.Influence of Copper on Microstructure and Properties of Low Carbon Martensite Antibacterial Stainless Steel[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Technical University,2009.26-33.赵荣达.铜含量对低碳马氏体抗菌不锈钢组织和性能的影响[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2009.26-33.
12 Qin Bin,Ma Yongzhu,Jiang Laizhu.Study on the properties of Cu-containing martensitic stainless steel[J].Baosteel Technology,2013,2:43-46.秦斌,马永柱,江来珠.含铜马氏体不锈钢的性能研究[J].宝钢技术,2013,2:43-46.
13 Zeren M,Karakulak E,Gümü?S.Influence of Cu addition on microstructure and hardness of near-eutectic Al-Si-x Cu-alloys[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2011,21(8):1698-1702.
14 Li Jianchun.Effect of Mn and Cu content on microstructure and properties of Zn-Al alloy[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part A:Physical Testing,2009,45(6):331-334.李建春.锰、铜含量对锌铝合金组织与性能的影响[J].理化检验(物理分册),2009,45(6):331-334.
15 Choudhury S K,Sharath M S.On-line control of machine tool vibration during turning operation[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1995,47:251-259.
16 Huang Panling,Li Jianfeng,Sun Jie,et al..Study on performance in dry ailling aeronautical titanium alloy thin-wall components with two types of tools[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2013,67:258-264.
17 Yang Y,Mu?oa J,Altintas Y.Optimization of multiple tuned mass dampers to suppress machine tool chatter[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2010,50(9):834-842.
18 Siddhpura M,Paurobally R.A review of chatter vibration research in turning[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2012,61:27-47.
19 Al-Regib E,Ni J,Lee S.Programming spindle speed variation for machine tool chatter suppression[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2003,43(12):1229-1240.
20 Hu Wenquan,Hu Shiju,Zhang Weiqiang.Influence of copper on antibacterial property and mechanical property of low-carbon martensite stainless steel[J].Material&Heat Trement,2009,38(2):32-34.胡文全,胡世菊,张伟强.铜对低碳马氏体不锈钢抗菌性和力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺,2009,38(2):32-34.
21 Li Na.Study on effects of copper in steel[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Liaoning,2011,34(2):160-165.李娜.铜在钢中的作用综述[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2011,34(2):160-165.
22 Ouyang Huangsheng.Effects of Cu Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 9Ni Cold Steel[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2012.14-16.欧阳凰生.Cu含量对9Ni低温钢显微组织与力学性能的影响[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2012.14-16.
23 Zhang Lingfeng,Xiong Yi,Zhang Yi,et al..Microstructure of high manganese steel by laser shock processing[J].Chinese J Lasers,2011,38(6):226-229.张凌峰,熊毅,张毅,等.高锰钢在激光冲击作用下的微观特征[J].中国激光,2011,38(6):226-229.
24 Granato1 A,Lücke K.Application of dislocation theory to internal friction phenomena at high frequencies[J].Appl Phy,1956,27(7):789-805.
25 Liu Xianlan.Study on Mechanical Properties and Damping Capacities of Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr Alloy[D].Changsha:Central South University,2012.11-14.刘先兰.Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr合金的力学性能和阻尼性能研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.11-14.