2017年深圳市某社区五金加工企业噪声作业人员纯音测听结果
|
摘要
目的了解2017年深圳市某社区五金加工企业噪声对作业人员的影响。方法通过现场卫生学调查、检测,并收集2017年深圳市某社区五金加工企业在岗职工的纯音测听结果,分析接触噪声对作业人员听力的影响。结果生产现场的噪声强度范围在73.6～94.4 dB(A)之间,噪声强度超过职业接触限值85 dB(A)的岗位主要为冲压车间各工位、切割机工位、抛光机工位、拉丝机工位、吹灰工位、喷漆工位和喷粉工位;噪声强度≥85 dB(A)的作业岗位的作业人员听力异常率高于噪声强度在80～85 dB(A)和<80 d B(A)的作业岗位人员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);同时接触噪声和粉尘的作业岗位人员,听力异常率高于单纯接触噪声或接触噪声及其他化学毒物的工作岗位人员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 2017年深圳市某社区五金加工企业噪声作业人员纯音测听结果异常率较高,企业应对噪声作业场所,特别对超标岗位及同时接触噪声粉尘的岗位采取防护措施,减少噪声危害。
[Objective] To understand the influence of noise on workers in hardware processing enterprise of a community of Shenzhen City in 2017.[Methods] Through the field hygienic investigation and testing, the results of pure-tone audiometry test of in-service workers in hardware processing enterprises of a community in Shenzhen City in 2017 were collected to analyze the influence of noise exposure on the hearing of the workers. [Results] The noise intensity of the workplace were 73.6-94.4 dB(A).The posts that the noise intensity exceeded the occupational exposure limit[85 dB(A)] were mainly positions in press workshop,the cutting machine post, the polishing machine post, the wiredrawing machine post, the soot blowing station post, the spray painting post and the powder injection post. The abnormal rate of hearing in workers at the posts with noise intensity ≥85 dB(A)was higher than that in workers at the posts with noise intensity of 80-85 dB(A)and <80 dB(A), and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01). T he abnormal rate of hearing in workers with simultaneous exposure to noise and dust was higher than that in workers with exposure to noise or exposure to noise and other chemical poisons, and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01). [Conclusion] The ab normal rate of pure-tone audiometry test of noise-exposed workers in hardware processing enterprises of a community in Shenzhen City in 2017 is high. The enterprises should take protective measures to reduce noise hazards especially for posts with noise intensity exceeding standard and workers with simultaneous exposure to noise and dust.
[Objective] To understand the influence of noise on workers in hardware processing enterprise of a community of Shenzhen City in 2017.[Methods] Through the field hygienic investigation and testing, the results of pure-tone audiometry test of in-service workers in hardware processing enterprises of a community in Shenzhen City in 2017 were collected to analyze the influence of noise exposure on the hearing of the workers. [Results] The noise intensity of the workplace were 73.6-94.4 dB(A).The posts that the noise intensity exceeded the occupational exposure limit[85 dB(A)] were mainly positions in press workshop,the cutting machine post, the polishing machine post, the wiredrawing machine post, the soot blowing station post, the spray painting post and the powder injection post. The abnormal rate of hearing in workers at the posts with noise intensity ≥85 dB(A)was higher than that in workers at the posts with noise intensity of 80-85 dB(A)and <80 dB(A), and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01). T he abnormal rate of hearing in workers with simultaneous exposure to noise and dust was higher than that in workers with exposure to noise or exposure to noise and other chemical poisons, and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01). [Conclusion] The ab normal rate of pure-tone audiometry test of noise-exposed workers in hardware processing enterprises of a community in Shenzhen City in 2017 is high. The enterprises should take protective measures to reduce noise hazards especially for posts with noise intensity exceeding standard and workers with simultaneous exposure to noise and dust.
引文
[1]国家安全监管总局.职业卫生技术服务机构检测工作规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社:2016:1-13.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范:GBZ 159-2004[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004:1-11.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所物理因素测量第8部分:噪声:GBZ/T 189.8-2007[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:1-7.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所有害因素职业接触现值第2部分:物理因素:GBZ 2.2-2007[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:1-16.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部和计划生育委员会.职业健康监护技术规范:GBZ 188-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社:2014:1-107.
[6]国家安全监管总局.用人单位劳动防护用品管理规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社:2015:1-8.
[7]钟任扬,谢文才,陈青山.某水泥厂生产性噪声对工人健康影响调查分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2017,32(3):171-173.
[8]吴静娴,缪汉韬,刘佳佳.汽车产业工人听力状况调查及噪声性聋影响因素相关性研究[J].中国临床研究,2017,30(5):713-716.
[9]陈俐枫.常熟市噪声作业人员听力测试结果调查分析[J].江苏预防医学,2012,23(3):61-62.
[10]桂丽,杨玉红,陈志涛,等. 2015年巴彦淖尔市噪声作业人员职业健康检查结果分析[J].职业与健康,2016,32(17):2429-2431.
[11]金凤,杨玉红,桂丽,等.2016年巴彦淖尔市噪声作业人员双耳高频检查情况[J].职业与健康,2018,34(4):443-445.
[12]谢爱贤,兰丽琴,周海林,等.某汽车制造企业噪声暴露工人纯音听阈分析[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2018,36(3):230-232.
[13]江伟,郑东,屈凌棱.苯系物与噪声联合作用对听力的影响[J].职业与健康,2016,32(3):305-307.
[14]王璐,焦建栋,徐鹏,等.噪声与苯系物联合暴露对男工听力损失的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2013,30(9):653-657.
[15]王艳玲.噪声与其他职业病危害因素的联合作用[J].职业与健康,2014,30(7):990-992.
[16]邱星元,边寰锋,邱奕冰,等.2016年深圳市某街道噪声作业工人职业禁忌证检出结果[J].职业与健康,2018,34(7):986-988.
[17]吴京颖,刘祥铨,施文华,等.福州市某垃圾焚烧发电厂噪声及有害化学因素对作业工人职业健康的影响[J].职业与健康,2018,34(14):1877-1880.
[18]王小明,张仁平,杨德明,等.某尿素厂噪声作业人员职业健康监护情况分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2018,33(2):69-73.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范:GBZ 159-2004[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004:1-11.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所物理因素测量第8部分:噪声:GBZ/T 189.8-2007[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:1-7.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.工作场所有害因素职业接触现值第2部分:物理因素:GBZ 2.2-2007[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:1-16.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部和计划生育委员会.职业健康监护技术规范:GBZ 188-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社:2014:1-107.
[6]国家安全监管总局.用人单位劳动防护用品管理规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社:2015:1-8.
[7]钟任扬,谢文才,陈青山.某水泥厂生产性噪声对工人健康影响调查分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2017,32(3):171-173.
[8]吴静娴,缪汉韬,刘佳佳.汽车产业工人听力状况调查及噪声性聋影响因素相关性研究[J].中国临床研究,2017,30(5):713-716.
[9]陈俐枫.常熟市噪声作业人员听力测试结果调查分析[J].江苏预防医学,2012,23(3):61-62.
[10]桂丽,杨玉红,陈志涛,等. 2015年巴彦淖尔市噪声作业人员职业健康检查结果分析[J].职业与健康,2016,32(17):2429-2431.
[11]金凤,杨玉红,桂丽,等.2016年巴彦淖尔市噪声作业人员双耳高频检查情况[J].职业与健康,2018,34(4):443-445.
[12]谢爱贤,兰丽琴,周海林,等.某汽车制造企业噪声暴露工人纯音听阈分析[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2018,36(3):230-232.
[13]江伟,郑东,屈凌棱.苯系物与噪声联合作用对听力的影响[J].职业与健康,2016,32(3):305-307.
[14]王璐,焦建栋,徐鹏,等.噪声与苯系物联合暴露对男工听力损失的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2013,30(9):653-657.
[15]王艳玲.噪声与其他职业病危害因素的联合作用[J].职业与健康,2014,30(7):990-992.
[16]邱星元,边寰锋,邱奕冰,等.2016年深圳市某街道噪声作业工人职业禁忌证检出结果[J].职业与健康,2018,34(7):986-988.
[17]吴京颖,刘祥铨,施文华,等.福州市某垃圾焚烧发电厂噪声及有害化学因素对作业工人职业健康的影响[J].职业与健康,2018,34(14):1877-1880.
[18]王小明,张仁平,杨德明,等.某尿素厂噪声作业人员职业健康监护情况分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2018,33(2):69-73.