水保措施对“7·26”暴雨洪水减水减沙的作用
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摘要
采用水文学方法分析表明,无定河流域现有水土保持治理措施对2017年"7·26"暴雨洪水的减水减沙作用有限;通过查勘认识到,林草植被以及梯田在一般降雨情况下减水减沙作用明显,但遇到类似此次的大暴雨,则淤地坝拦沙作用明显;径流主要来自坡面,而泥沙主要来自沟边重力侵蚀、耕种便道和河道淤积物冲刷、河岸及滩地淘刷等。
This paper analyzed that the existing water and soil conservation measures in Wuding River basin had limited effect on water and sediment reduction of the storm flood on July 26 of 2017 by hydrological method. According to the survey,the effect of forest-grass vegetation and terrace on water and sediment reduction is obvious under the conditions of normal rainfall,while for the storm on July 26,the warping dams play the significant role in sediment reduction. Runoff mainly comes from the slope,while sediment mainly comes from gravity erosion of gullies,cultivation sidewalk,river channel sedimentation scouring,river banks and beach scouring.
This paper analyzed that the existing water and soil conservation measures in Wuding River basin had limited effect on water and sediment reduction of the storm flood on July 26 of 2017 by hydrological method. According to the survey,the effect of forest-grass vegetation and terrace on water and sediment reduction is obvious under the conditions of normal rainfall,while for the storm on July 26,the warping dams play the significant role in sediment reduction. Runoff mainly comes from the slope,while sediment mainly comes from gravity erosion of gullies,cultivation sidewalk,river channel sedimentation scouring,river banks and beach scouring.
引文
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[5]张金良.黄河泥沙入黄机理及过程探讨[J].人民黄河,2017,39(9):8-12.
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[7]刘宝元,刘晓燕,杨勤科,等.黄土高原小流域水土流失综合治理抗暴雨能力考察报告[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):1-3.
[8]王楠,陈一现,白雷超,等.陕北子洲县“7·26”特大暴雨引发的小流域土壤侵蚀调查[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):338-344.
[9]牟金泽,熊贵枢.陕北小流域产沙量预报及水土保持措施拦沙计算[C]//中国水利学会.河流泥沙国际学术讨论会论文集.北京:光华出版社,1980:73-82.
[2]高文永,高亚军,徐建华.采矿塌陷对窟野河流域水沙的影响[J].人民黄河,2017,39(11):76-80.
[3]陈志凌,李晓宇,陈卫.黄河中游窟野河“7·21”暴雨洪水特性简析[J].人民黄河,2013,35(6):21-24.
[4]徐建华,李晓宇,陈建军,等.黄河中游河口镇至龙门区间水利水保工程对暴雨洪水泥沙影响研究[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2009:116-119.
[5]张金良.黄河泥沙入黄机理及过程探讨[J].人民黄河,2017,39(9):8-12.
[6]钱宁,张仁,周志德.河床演变学[M].北京:科学出版社,1987:49-50.
[7]刘宝元,刘晓燕,杨勤科,等.黄土高原小流域水土流失综合治理抗暴雨能力考察报告[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):1-3.
[8]王楠,陈一现,白雷超,等.陕北子洲县“7·26”特大暴雨引发的小流域土壤侵蚀调查[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):338-344.
[9]牟金泽,熊贵枢.陕北小流域产沙量预报及水土保持措施拦沙计算[C]//中国水利学会.河流泥沙国际学术讨论会论文集.北京:光华出版社,1980:73-82.