选区激光熔化成形TC4钛合金的微观组织和力学性能
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摘要
采用选区激光熔化成形制备TC4钛合金,分析了沉积态和热处理态下TC4钛合金微观组织,并通过拉伸试验,测试了热处理态下TC4钛合金抗拉强度和延伸率。结果表明,沉积态钛合金在快速冷凝下组织几乎全为非平衡相α′,组织细密。当固溶热处理工艺为960℃、2 h、AC(Air cooling)时,钛合金组织由非平衡相α′全部转换为平衡相α,组织粗化为板条状,试样的抗拉强度最高可以达到1 056 MPa,延伸率达到16.9%,整个断面有均匀密集分布的等轴韧窝,属于典型的韧性断裂,TC4钛合金在热处理下获得较佳的强度-塑性匹配。
TC4 titanium alloy was prepared by selective laser melting forming. The microstructure of TC4 titanium alloy in the as-deposited and heat-treated state was analyzed. The tensile strength and elongation of TC4 titanium alloy in heat treated state were tested by tensile test. The results show that the as-deposited titanium alloy has almost all non-equilibrium phase α' under rapid condensation and the structure is fine. When the solution heat treatment process is 960 ℃, 2 h, AC, the titanium alloy structure is converted from the non-equilibrium phase α' to the equilibrium phase α, the structure is coarsened into a strip shape, and the tensile strength of the sample can reach 1 056 MPa. The elongation rate reaches 16.9%, and the entire section has uniform and evenly distributed equiaxed dimples, which are typical ductile fractures. TC4 titanium alloy obtains better strength-plastic matching under heat treatment.
TC4 titanium alloy was prepared by selective laser melting forming. The microstructure of TC4 titanium alloy in the as-deposited and heat-treated state was analyzed. The tensile strength and elongation of TC4 titanium alloy in heat treated state were tested by tensile test. The results show that the as-deposited titanium alloy has almost all non-equilibrium phase α' under rapid condensation and the structure is fine. When the solution heat treatment process is 960 ℃, 2 h, AC, the titanium alloy structure is converted from the non-equilibrium phase α' to the equilibrium phase α, the structure is coarsened into a strip shape, and the tensile strength of the sample can reach 1 056 MPa. The elongation rate reaches 16.9%, and the entire section has uniform and evenly distributed equiaxed dimples, which are typical ductile fractures. TC4 titanium alloy obtains better strength-plastic matching under heat treatment.
引文
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[4] ROCHUS P,PLESSERIA J Y,ELSEN M V,et al.New applications of rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing (RP/RM) technologies for space instrumentation[J].Acta Astronautica,2007,61(1):352-359.
[5] LI R,WANG M,YUAN T,et al.Selective laser melting of a novel Sc and Zr modified Al-6.2 Mg alloy:Processing,microstructure,and properties[J].Powder Technology,2017(39):117-128.
[6] 杨永强,陈杰,宋长辉,等.金属零件激光选区熔化技术的现状及进展[J].激光与光电子学进展,2018,55(1):3-15.
[7] ZHANG L,Attar,H.Selective Laser Melting of Titanium Alloys and Titanium Matrix Composites for Biomedical Applications:A Review[J].Advanced Engineering Materials,2016,18(4):463-475.
[8] SAMAVEDAM S,SUNDARRAJAN S.Al-Si and Al-Si-Mg Cast Alloys Shrinkage Porosity Estimation[J].Archives of Foundry Engineering,2016,16(1):61-68.
[9] 张升,桂睿智,魏青松,等.选择性激光熔化成形TC4钛合金开裂行为及其机理研究[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(23):21-27.
[10] YANG J,HAN J,YU H,et al.Role of molten pool mode on formability,microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy[J].Materials & Design,2016,110:558-570.
[11] 张霜银.激光快速成形TC4钛合金的组织和力学性能研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2006.
[12] SIMONELLI M,TSE Y Y,TUCK C.On the texture formation of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V[J].Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A,2014,45(6):2863-2872.
[13] 任永明,林鑫,黄卫东.增材制造Ti-6Al-4V合金组织及疲劳性能研究进展[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2017,46(10):3160-3168.
[14] CARROLL B E,PALMER T A,BEESE A M.Anisotropic tensile behavior of Ti-6Al-4V components fabricated with directed energy deposition additive manufacturing[J].Acta Materialia,2015(87):309-320.
[15] 肖振楠,刘婷婷,廖文和,等.激光选区熔化成形TC4钛合金热处理后微观组织和力学性能[J].中国激光,2017,44(9):81-89.
[16] 陈静,杨海欧,杨健,等.TC4钛合金的激光快速成形特性及熔凝组织[J].中国材料进展,2004,23(4):33-37.
[17] 邹涛,张敏,陈长军,等.激光增材制造(3D打印)制备钛合金的微观组织研究[J].应用激光,2016(3):286-290.