河口区稻田退水后沟渠底泥氨氮的吸附行为
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摘要
沉积物对氨氮吸附行为是河口区沟渠生态系统氮迁移转化过程的一个重要环节。运用试验模拟的方法,研究沟渠沉积物对氨氮的吸附动力学试验、等温吸附试验及其影响氨氮吸附的因素。结果表明:沟渠沉积物对氨氮的吸附存在快慢吸附2个阶段,其中快吸附阶段在2 h内完成,慢吸附阶段在6 h内完成,6 h后沉积物对氨氮吸附达到平衡;沉积物吸附氨氮的等温吸附呈现良好的线性关系,其中Langmuir模型等温吸附结果的拟合性较好。由此可见,干渠沉积物对氨氮的吸附能力高于农沟;有机质、铁锰对沉积物吸附氨氮均存在着不同程度的影响,随着有机质含量和铁锰的增高,沉积物对氨氮的吸附量随之增加。
Adsorption behavior of sediments on ammonia and nitrogen is an important part of nitrogentransformation process of ditch-ecosystem in estuary. Adsorption kinetics experiment, isothermal adsorptionexperiment and the influencing factors of the adsorption behavior of sediments on ammonia and nitrogen werestudied by simulation tests. The results showed that: the process of ammonium adsorption by sediments mainlyhad two stages which were fast stage and slow stage, the fast stage could complete within 2 h, and the slowstage could complete within 6 h, the adsorption behavior reached balance after 6 h; isothermal adsorption ofammonia nitrogen by sediments showed a good linear relation, the fitting results of Langmuir model was good.Thus it could be seen, the adsorption ability of trunk canal sediments on ammonia nitrogen was higher than thatof agriculture ditch; organic matter, iron and manganese could affect the adsorption behavior in differentdegrees, and the adsorbing capacity increased with the increase of organic matter, iron and manganese.
Adsorption behavior of sediments on ammonia and nitrogen is an important part of nitrogentransformation process of ditch-ecosystem in estuary. Adsorption kinetics experiment, isothermal adsorptionexperiment and the influencing factors of the adsorption behavior of sediments on ammonia and nitrogen werestudied by simulation tests. The results showed that: the process of ammonium adsorption by sediments mainlyhad two stages which were fast stage and slow stage, the fast stage could complete within 2 h, and the slowstage could complete within 6 h, the adsorption behavior reached balance after 6 h; isothermal adsorption ofammonia nitrogen by sediments showed a good linear relation, the fitting results of Langmuir model was good.Thus it could be seen, the adsorption ability of trunk canal sediments on ammonia nitrogen was higher than thatof agriculture ditch; organic matter, iron and manganese could affect the adsorption behavior in differentdegrees, and the adsorbing capacity increased with the increase of organic matter, iron and manganese.
引文
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[32]敬永红.孝新合气田浅层地下水铁锰分布规律及成因分析[J].石油化工安全环保技术,2008,6(24):61-64.
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[2]马永生,张淑英,邓兰萍.氮、磷在农田沟渠湿地系统中的迁移转化机理及其模型研究进展[J].甘肃科技,2005,21(2).
[3]晏维金,尹澄清,孙濮,等.磷氮在水田湿地中的迁移转化及径流流失过程[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(3):312-316.
[4]孔莉莉,张展羽,夏继红.灌区非点源氮在排水沟渠中的归趋机理及控制问题[J].中国农村水利水电,2009(7):48-51.
[5]翟丽华,刘鸿亮,席北斗,等.沟渠系统氮、磷输出特征研究[J].环境科学研究,2008,21(2):35-39.
[6]贾小强,米晓辉,孙宪斌.沟渠湿地对农业面源污染物的净化作用研究[J].科技创新与生产力,2010(197):54-56.
[7]翟丽华,刘鸿亮,席北斗,等.农业源头沟渠沉积物氮磷吸附特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1359-1363.
[8]丁静.太湖氮磷分布特征及其吸附/解析特征研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2011:44-49.
[9]王娟,王圣瑞,金相灿,等.长江中下游浅水湖泊表层沉积物对氨氮的吸附特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(4):1224-1229.
[10]邹航,王立立,柳蓉.珠江河口湿地沉积物吸附氨氮及影响因素研究[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(3):46-51.
[11]Liu M,Hou L W,Xu S N,et al.Nitrogen and phosphorus diffusive fluxes across the sediment-water interface in estuarine and coastal tidal flats[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2002,4(1):34-41.
[12]屈璠,刘敏,卢少勇,等.潮汐循环影响下上覆水环境因子和氮营养盐的变化及其相关关系[J].长江流域资源与环境,2007,16(3):345-350.
[13]余晖,张学青,张曦,等.黄河水体颗粒物对硝化过程的影响研究[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(4):601-606.
[14]张学青,杨志峰,夏星辉.黄河水体硝化过程的模拟实验研究[J].环境化学,2005,24(3):245-249.
[15]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:279-280.
[16]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1999:51-107.
[17]Wang S R,Jin X C,Pang Y,et al.The study on the effect of PH on phosphate sorption by Different Tropic Lake Sediments[J].Colloid and Interface,2005,285:448-457.
[18]谢鹏,蒋剑敏,熊毅.我国几种主要土壤胶体的NH4+吸附特征[J].土壤学报,1988,25(2):175-183.
[19]雷婷.鄱阳湖南矶山湿地土壤对氮的吸附与释放特性初步研究[D].南昌:南昌大学,2008:36-54.
[20]胡智弢,孙红文,潭媛.湖泊沉积物对N和P的吸附特性及影响因素研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(6):1212-1216.
[21]Parmesan T V N,Vijayaraghavana K,Sekaranb G,et al.Batch and column studies on biosorption of acid dyes on fresh water macro alga Akola filiculoides[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2005,125(1-3):121-129.
[22]Tan J R,Zhou P J.Phosphorus fractions of floodplain sediments and phosphorus exchange on the sediment-water interface in the lower reaches of the Han River in China[J].Ecological Engineering,2007,30:264-270.
[23]Riga S,Tatum P,Dastard T,et al.Effects of salinity on NH4+adsorption capacity nitrification and gentrification in Danish estuary sediments[J].Estuaries,1999,22:21-30.
[24]姜霞,王秋娟,王书航,等.太湖沉积物氮磷吸附/解吸特征分析[J].环境科学,2011,32(5):1285-1291.
[25]卫新峰,欧阳威,郝芳华,等.河套灌区沟渠表层沉积物对磷的吸附[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(9):94-100.
[26]杨立伟.西辽河底质对氨氮的吸附_解吸行为研究[D].沈阳:辽宁工程技术大学,2010:15-40.
[27]侯立军,刘敏,蒋海燕,等.河口潮滩沉积物对氨氮的等温吸附特性[J].环境化学,2003,22(6):568-572.
[28]Rapports W V,Malschaert J F P.Ammonium adsorption in superficial North Sea sediments[J].Continental Shelf Research,1996,16:1415-1435.
[29]Boatman C D,Murray J W.Modeling exchangeable NH4+adsorption in marine sediments:Process and controls of adsorption[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1982,27:99-110.
[30]Tam N F Y,Wong Y S.Mangrove soils as sinks for wastewaterborne pollutants[J].Hydrobiology,1995,295:231-241.
[31]陈建平,李想,王明玉,等.水稻田铁锰对氮素转化影响的实验研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2012,23(1):106-108.
[32]敬永红.孝新合气田浅层地下水铁锰分布规律及成因分析[J].石油化工安全环保技术,2008,6(24):61-64.
[33]曹英兰,刘延锋,徐颖.红壤对三氮吸附-解吸性能实验研究[J].集美大学学报,2009,14(3):245-249.