改进奇异谱分析方法的GPS时间序列分析
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摘要
针对传统奇异谱分析方法具有相移现象缺点而不能有效分析,是由于不同形式的地球物理现象而包含有阶跃项、非线性趋势项、以及振幅随时间变化的季节项,从而呈现显著的非线性变化的时间序列,该文提出了一种用于拟合GPS时间序列的改进奇异谱分析方法。采用实际IGS站点数据将改进奇异谱分析方法与小波分析方法进行比较,结果表明,改进奇异谱分析方法在提取年以及半年季节项要优于小波分析方法。基于模拟数据计算表明:模拟信号和改进奇异谱分析方法重构信号残差的均方根小于1.8mm,改进奇异谱分析方法拟合精度显著优于传统奇异谱分析方法。改进奇异谱分析方法消除了传统奇异谱分析方法具有相移现象缺点。
In view of the disadvantages of the phase shift phenomenon,the traditional singular spectral analysis method(SSA)cannot effectively analyze the time series with significant nonlinear changes due to different forms of geophysical phenomena,including offsets,nonlinear trend terms,and seasonal terms with time changes in amplitude.An improved singular spectral analysis method(SSA-PD)for fitting GPS time series is proposed.Comparing SSA-PD with wavelet analysis method using real IGS site data,the result indicates SSA-PD is better than wavelet analysis method in extracting the annual/semiannual components from the GPS time series.Simulation results show that the RMS(root-mean-square)difference between the reconstructed and simulated signals is less than 1.8 mm.The SSA-PD eliminates the disadvantages of phase shift in the SSA,and the fitting precision is significantly better than that of SSA.
In view of the disadvantages of the phase shift phenomenon,the traditional singular spectral analysis method(SSA)cannot effectively analyze the time series with significant nonlinear changes due to different forms of geophysical phenomena,including offsets,nonlinear trend terms,and seasonal terms with time changes in amplitude.An improved singular spectral analysis method(SSA-PD)for fitting GPS time series is proposed.Comparing SSA-PD with wavelet analysis method using real IGS site data,the result indicates SSA-PD is better than wavelet analysis method in extracting the annual/semiannual components from the GPS time series.Simulation results show that the RMS(root-mean-square)difference between the reconstructed and simulated signals is less than 1.8 mm.The SSA-PD eliminates the disadvantages of phase shift in the SSA,and the fitting precision is significantly better than that of SSA.
引文
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[9]BENNETT R A.Instantaneous deformation fromcontinuous GPS:contributions from quasi-periodicloads[J].Geophysical Journal of the Royal AstronomicalSociety,2010,174(3):1052-1064.
[10]DAVIS J L,WERNICKE B P,TAMISIEA M E.Onseasonal signals in geodetic time series[J].Journal ofGeophysical Research Solid Earth,2012,117:B01403.
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[13]RANGELOVA E,SIDERIS M G,KIM J W.On thecapabilities of the multi-channel singular spectrummethod for extracting the main periodic and non-periodicvariability from weekly GRACE data[J].Journal ofGeodynamics,2012,54(2):64-78.
[14]REA W,OXLEY L,REALE M,et al.Estimators forlong range dependence:an empirical study[J].Statistics,2009,3(4):785-798.
[15]VAUTARD R,YIOU P,GHIL M.Singular-spectrumanalysis:a toolkit for short,noisy chaotic signals[J].Physica D-nonlinear Phenomena,1992,58(1/4):95-126.
[16]TREGONING P,BURGETTE R,MCCLUSKY S C,et al.A decade of horizontal deformation from greatearthquakes[J].Journal of Geophysical Research SolidEarth,2013,118(5):2371-2381.
[17]韩英,符养.GPS高程数据时间序列分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(4):425-428.(HANGYing,FU Yang.Analysis of GPS time series of heightcomponent[J].Geomatics and Information Science ofWuhan University,2003,28(4):425-428.)
[18]RAY J,ALTAMIMI Z,COLLILIEUX X,et al.Anomalous harmonics in the spectra of GPS positionestimates[J].GPS Solutions,2008,12(1):55-64.
[19]HE X,HUA X,YU K,et al.Accuracy enhancement ofGPS time series using principal component analysis andblock spatial filtering[J].Advances in Space Research,2015,55(5):1316-1327.
[2]ALTAMIMI Z,METIVIER L,COLLILIEUX X.ITRF2008plate motion model[C]∥AGU Fall Meeting.[S.l.]:AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts,2011:47-56.
[3]AITAMIMI Z,REBISCHUNG P,METIVIER L,et al.ITRF2014:a new release of the internationalterrestrial reference frame modeling non-linear stationmotions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research SolidEarth,2016,121(8):6109-6131.
[4]GAZEAUX J,WILLIAMS S,KING M,et al.Detectingoffsets in GPS time series:first results from thedetection of offsets in GPS experiment[J].Journal ofGeophysical Research Solid Earth,2013,118(5):2397-2407.
[5]HACKL M,MALSERVISI R,HUGENTOBLER U,et al.Velocity covariance in the presence of anisotropictime correlated noise and transient events in GPS timeseries[J].Journal of Geodynamics,2013,72(12):36-45.
[6]袁林果,丁晓利,陈武,等.香港GPS基准站坐标序列特征分析[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):418-420.(YUAN Linguo,DING Xiaoli,CHEN Wu,et al.Characteristics of daily position time series from theHong Kong GPS fiducial network[J].Chinese Journalof Geophysics,2008,51(5):418-420.
[7]李昭,姜卫平,刘鸿飞,等.中国区域IGS基准站坐标时间序列噪声模型建立与分析[J].测绘学报,2012,41(4):496-503.(LI Zhao,JIANG Weiping,LIU Hong-fei,et al.Noise model establishment and analysis ofIGS reference station coordinate time series insideChina[J].Acta Godaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(4):496-503.)
[8]明锋,杨元喜,曾安敏,等.中国区域IGS站高程时间序列季节性信号及长期趋势分析[J].中国科学(地球科学),2016,46(6):834.(MING Feng,YANG Yuanxi,ZENG Anmin,et al.Analysis of seasonal signals and long-term trends in the height time series of IGS sites in China[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2016,46(6):834.)
[9]BENNETT R A.Instantaneous deformation fromcontinuous GPS:contributions from quasi-periodicloads[J].Geophysical Journal of the Royal AstronomicalSociety,2010,174(3):1052-1064.
[10]DAVIS J L,WERNICKE B P,TAMISIEA M E.Onseasonal signals in geodetic time series[J].Journal ofGeophysical Research Solid Earth,2012,117:B01403.
[11]CHEN Q,DAM T V,SNEEUWN,et al.Singularspectrum analysis for modeling seasonal signals fromGPS time series[J].Journal of Geodynamics,2013,72(12):25-35.
[12]VAUTARD R,YIOU P,GHIL M.Singular-spectrumanalysis:A toolkit for short,noisy chaotic signals[J].Physica D-nonlinear Phenomena,1992,58(1/4):95-126.
[13]RANGELOVA E,SIDERIS M G,KIM J W.On thecapabilities of the multi-channel singular spectrummethod for extracting the main periodic and non-periodicvariability from weekly GRACE data[J].Journal ofGeodynamics,2012,54(2):64-78.
[14]REA W,OXLEY L,REALE M,et al.Estimators forlong range dependence:an empirical study[J].Statistics,2009,3(4):785-798.
[15]VAUTARD R,YIOU P,GHIL M.Singular-spectrumanalysis:a toolkit for short,noisy chaotic signals[J].Physica D-nonlinear Phenomena,1992,58(1/4):95-126.
[16]TREGONING P,BURGETTE R,MCCLUSKY S C,et al.A decade of horizontal deformation from greatearthquakes[J].Journal of Geophysical Research SolidEarth,2013,118(5):2371-2381.
[17]韩英,符养.GPS高程数据时间序列分析[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(4):425-428.(HANGYing,FU Yang.Analysis of GPS time series of heightcomponent[J].Geomatics and Information Science ofWuhan University,2003,28(4):425-428.)
[18]RAY J,ALTAMIMI Z,COLLILIEUX X,et al.Anomalous harmonics in the spectra of GPS positionestimates[J].GPS Solutions,2008,12(1):55-64.
[19]HE X,HUA X,YU K,et al.Accuracy enhancement ofGPS time series using principal component analysis andblock spatial filtering[J].Advances in Space Research,2015,55(5):1316-1327.
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