应用模糊数学优选页岩气地质调查井位——以黔西北地区为例
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摘要
我国当前处于页岩气勘探开发的早–中期阶段,钻探地质调查井是获取资料、发现页岩气的重要手段,尤其在南方下古生界页岩资料空白区,构造、地貌及地面条件极为复杂,井位优选困难很大。以黔西北地区为例,基于大量野外地质调查工作,针对复杂的地质和工程地质条件,初步提出了页岩气调查井位优选的地质和工程地质条件评价标准:在地质条件方面,依据页岩厚度、预测深度、断裂发育程度、地层倾角、距最近露头距离、有机碳含量和成熟度、应力场、脆性矿物含量、水文地质条件及开口层位确定程度等条件将备选井位分为优、良、中、较差和差5个级别;在工程地质条件方面,依据井场地形高差、道路交通、可利用水源、空中障碍物、与村庄/铁路/景区/水库/电网的距离、勘探儀深面积及土地使用情况等要素将备选井位同样分为5个级别;并确定了各个要素在评价中所占的权重。应用模糊数学方法对5口备选调查井井位进行了综合评判与排序,并顺利对优选出的2口调查井实施了钻探,取得了良好效果。该方法对于高效获取空白区页岩气资料,快速发现页岩气,并开展进一步评价工作具有参考意义。
Exploration and development of shale gas in China is now in the early-middle stage. Drilling geological survey well is an important mean to obtain data and discover shale gas in the blank area of Lower Paleozoic shale data in south China. However, due to the extremely complex structure and geomorphic conditions in these areas, it is very difficult to optimize the location of wells. Taking northwest Guizhou as an example, based on a large number of field geological survey work, the evaluation criteria of geological and engineering geological conditions for shale gas survey well location are put forward. In the respects of geological conditions, according to shale thickness, predicted depth, dip angle, fracture density, organic matter features, stress field, hydrogeology and other conditions, the alternative well position is divided into 5 levels: excellent, good, medium, medium deviation and poor.In the respects of engineering geological conditions, according to topographic height difference in well site, road distribution, water resources can be used, air barrier, the distance from the building and other conditions, the alternative well position is divided into the same 5 levels. At the same time, the weight of each element in the evaluation is determined. 5 alternative well locations were evaluated and sorted by using fuzzy mathematics. And 2 selected drilling wells have been drilled successfully. This method has reference value for obtaining shale gas data in the blank area, obtaining shale gas quickly and carrying out further evaluation work.
Exploration and development of shale gas in China is now in the early-middle stage. Drilling geological survey well is an important mean to obtain data and discover shale gas in the blank area of Lower Paleozoic shale data in south China. However, due to the extremely complex structure and geomorphic conditions in these areas, it is very difficult to optimize the location of wells. Taking northwest Guizhou as an example, based on a large number of field geological survey work, the evaluation criteria of geological and engineering geological conditions for shale gas survey well location are put forward. In the respects of geological conditions, according to shale thickness, predicted depth, dip angle, fracture density, organic matter features, stress field, hydrogeology and other conditions, the alternative well position is divided into 5 levels: excellent, good, medium, medium deviation and poor.In the respects of engineering geological conditions, according to topographic height difference in well site, road distribution, water resources can be used, air barrier, the distance from the building and other conditions, the alternative well position is divided into the same 5 levels. At the same time, the weight of each element in the evaluation is determined. 5 alternative well locations were evaluated and sorted by using fuzzy mathematics. And 2 selected drilling wells have been drilled successfully. This method has reference value for obtaining shale gas data in the blank area, obtaining shale gas quickly and carrying out further evaluation work.
引文
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[8]张辉,高德利.基于模糊数学和灰色理论的多层次综合评价方法及其应用[J].数学的实践与认识,2008,38(3):1-6.ZHANG Hui,GAO Deli.Multi-level comprehensive evaluation method is based on the fuzzy mathematics and grey theory[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2008,38(3):1-6.
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[11]KIM C,SANG S,BAN H.Exploring job centers by accessibility using fuzzy set approach:The case study of the Columbus MSA[J].Geology Journal,2014,79(2):209-222.
[12]朱伟,顾韶秋,曹子剑,等.基于模糊数学的滨里海盆地东南油气储层评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(3):358-362.ZHU Wei,GU Shaoqiu,CAO Zijian,et al.Fuzzy mathematics-based reservoir evaluation in the southeastern Pre-Caspian basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(3):358-362.
[13]刘为付,旷红伟.利用模糊数学综合评价火山岩储层[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(2):9-13.LIU Weifu,KUANG Hongwei.Comprehensive evaluation of volcanics reservoir by fuzzy mathematics[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2003,10(2):9-13.
[14]杨昌明,王美丽,聂新坤,等.圈闭地质评价中模糊数学综合评判法的优势[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(2):41-42.YANG Changming,WANG Meili,NIE Xinkun,et al.The advantage of comprehensive evaluation method by blurred mathematics in trap evaluation[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1999,21(2):41-42.
[15]刘红霞.基于模糊数学的松南地区诸盆地油气选区评价[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2017,36(5):807-812.LIU Hongxia.Evaluation of oil and gas constituency in basins of southern Songnan area based on fuzzy mathematics[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2017,36(5):807-812.
[16]张博,付道明,陈洪,等.从模糊数学观点看塔西南坳陷的油气勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):47-48.ZHANG Bo,FU Daoming,CHEN Hong,et al.Forecast on oil and gas exploration prospects of the sags in southwest Tarim basin by the fuzzy method[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):47-48.
[17]韩俊,邵龙义,肖建新,等.多层次模糊数学在煤层气开发潜力评价中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(3):31-35.HAN Jun,SHAO Longyi,XIAO Jianxin,et al.Application of multi-layered fuzzy mathematics in assessment of exploitation potential of coalbed methane resources[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2008,36(3):31-35.
[18]邵龙义,文怀军,李永红,等.青海省天峻县木里煤田煤层气有利区块的多层次模糊数学评判[J].地质通报,2011,30(12):1896-1903.SHAO Longyi,WEN Huaijun,LI Yonghong,et al.Assessment of favorable areas for coalbed methane resources exploration in the Muli coalfield of Qinghai Province based on multi-layered fuzzy mathematics[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2011,30(12):1896-1903.
[19]肖正辉,宁博文,杨荣丰,等.多层次模糊数学法在湘西北页岩气有利区块优选中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(3):33-37.XIAO Zhenghui,NING Bowen,YANG Rongfeng,et al.Application of multi-layered fuzzy mathematics in selecting the favorable areas of shale gas in northwestern Hunan[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(3):33-37.
[20]王濡岳,丁文龙,龚大建,等.黔北地区海相页岩气保存条件:以贵州岑巩区块下寒武统牛蹄塘组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(1):45-54.WANG Ruyue,DING Wenlong,GONG Dajian,et al.Gas preservation conditions of marine shale in northern Guizhou area:A case study of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the Cengong block,Guizhou Province[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(1):45-54.
[21]吕艳南,张金川,张鹏,等.黔西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气成藏条件与有利勘探区预测[J].海相油气地质,2015,20(2):37-44.LYU Yannan,ZHANG Jinchuan,ZHANG Peng,et al.Gas accumulation conditions of Lower Cambrian Niutitang shale and prediction of potential zones in northwestern Guizhou[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2015,20(2):37-44.
[22]贵州省地质矿产局.贵州省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.
[2]韩双彪,张金川,李玉喜,等.黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气地质调查井位优选[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(1):182-187.HAN Shuangbiao,ZHANG Jinchuan,LI Yuxi,et al.The optimum selecting of shale gas well location for geological investigation in Niutitang Formation in Lower Cambrian,northern Guizhou area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(1):182-187.
[3]林拓,张金川,杨升宇,等.湘西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气井位优选及含气性特征:以常页1井为例[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(2):312-319.LIN Tuo,ZHANG Jinchuan,YANG Shengyu,et al.The optimum selecting of shale gas well location and gas content of Lower Cambrian,northwest Hunan:A case study of well Changye1[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(2):312-319.
[4]郭卫星,熊亮,魏力民.川东南构造变形特征及其对页岩气保存的影响[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):21-26.GUO Weixing,XIONG Liang,WEI Limin.Structure deformation of southeast Sichuan and its influences on preservation of shale gas[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(6):21-26.
[5]易同生,高弟.贵州龙马溪组页岩气储层特征及其分布规律[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(3):22-27.YI Tongsheng,GAO Di.Characteristics and distribution pattern of shale gas reservoir in Longmaxi Formation in Guizhou Province[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(3):22-27.
[6]周文,王浩,谢润成,等.中上扬子地区下古生界海相页岩气储层特征及勘探潜力[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(5):569-575.ZHOU Wen,WANG Hao,XIE Runcheng,et al.Characteristics and exploration potential of Lower Paleozoic marine shale gas reservoir in middle-upper Yangtze area,China[J].Joural of Chengdu University of Technology(Science and Technology Edition),2013,40(5):569-575.
[7]张金川,李玉喜,聂海宽,等.渝页1井地质背景及钻探效果[J].天然气工业,2010,30(12):114-118.ZHANG Jinchuan,LI Yuxi,NIE Haikuan,et al.Geologic setting and drilling effect of the shale cored well Yuye 1,Pengshui County of Chongqing[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(12):114-118.
[8]张辉,高德利.基于模糊数学和灰色理论的多层次综合评价方法及其应用[J].数学的实践与认识,2008,38(3):1-6.ZHANG Hui,GAO Deli.Multi-level comprehensive evaluation method is based on the fuzzy mathematics and grey theory[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2008,38(3):1-6.
[9]FINOL J J,GUO Y K,JING X D.Fuzzy partitioning systems for electrofacies classification[J].Petroleum Geology,2001,24(4):441-458.
[10]SHIYA S,SINGH B,GAUR S,et al.Analysis of groundwater quality using fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,147(3):938-946.
[11]KIM C,SANG S,BAN H.Exploring job centers by accessibility using fuzzy set approach:The case study of the Columbus MSA[J].Geology Journal,2014,79(2):209-222.
[12]朱伟,顾韶秋,曹子剑,等.基于模糊数学的滨里海盆地东南油气储层评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(3):358-362.ZHU Wei,GU Shaoqiu,CAO Zijian,et al.Fuzzy mathematics-based reservoir evaluation in the southeastern Pre-Caspian basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2013,34(3):358-362.
[13]刘为付,旷红伟.利用模糊数学综合评价火山岩储层[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(2):9-13.LIU Weifu,KUANG Hongwei.Comprehensive evaluation of volcanics reservoir by fuzzy mathematics[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2003,10(2):9-13.
[14]杨昌明,王美丽,聂新坤,等.圈闭地质评价中模糊数学综合评判法的优势[J].西南石油学院学报,1999,21(2):41-42.YANG Changming,WANG Meili,NIE Xinkun,et al.The advantage of comprehensive evaluation method by blurred mathematics in trap evaluation[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1999,21(2):41-42.
[15]刘红霞.基于模糊数学的松南地区诸盆地油气选区评价[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2017,36(5):807-812.LIU Hongxia.Evaluation of oil and gas constituency in basins of southern Songnan area based on fuzzy mathematics[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2017,36(5):807-812.
[16]张博,付道明,陈洪,等.从模糊数学观点看塔西南坳陷的油气勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):47-48.ZHANG Bo,FU Daoming,CHEN Hong,et al.Forecast on oil and gas exploration prospects of the sags in southwest Tarim basin by the fuzzy method[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):47-48.
[17]韩俊,邵龙义,肖建新,等.多层次模糊数学在煤层气开发潜力评价中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(3):31-35.HAN Jun,SHAO Longyi,XIAO Jianxin,et al.Application of multi-layered fuzzy mathematics in assessment of exploitation potential of coalbed methane resources[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2008,36(3):31-35.
[18]邵龙义,文怀军,李永红,等.青海省天峻县木里煤田煤层气有利区块的多层次模糊数学评判[J].地质通报,2011,30(12):1896-1903.SHAO Longyi,WEN Huaijun,LI Yonghong,et al.Assessment of favorable areas for coalbed methane resources exploration in the Muli coalfield of Qinghai Province based on multi-layered fuzzy mathematics[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2011,30(12):1896-1903.
[19]肖正辉,宁博文,杨荣丰,等.多层次模糊数学法在湘西北页岩气有利区块优选中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(3):33-37.XIAO Zhenghui,NING Bowen,YANG Rongfeng,et al.Application of multi-layered fuzzy mathematics in selecting the favorable areas of shale gas in northwestern Hunan[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(3):33-37.
[20]王濡岳,丁文龙,龚大建,等.黔北地区海相页岩气保存条件:以贵州岑巩区块下寒武统牛蹄塘组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(1):45-54.WANG Ruyue,DING Wenlong,GONG Dajian,et al.Gas preservation conditions of marine shale in northern Guizhou area:A case study of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the Cengong block,Guizhou Province[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(1):45-54.
[21]吕艳南,张金川,张鹏,等.黔西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气成藏条件与有利勘探区预测[J].海相油气地质,2015,20(2):37-44.LYU Yannan,ZHANG Jinchuan,ZHANG Peng,et al.Gas accumulation conditions of Lower Cambrian Niutitang shale and prediction of potential zones in northwestern Guizhou[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2015,20(2):37-44.
[22]贵州省地质矿产局.贵州省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.