边坡模型相似材料配比试验研究
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摘要
针对边坡模型试验相似材料配比问题,系统总结了国内外常用的岩体及边坡相似材料配比研究现状:相似材料的配比对物理力学参数特性的影响很大,而不同学者采用的材料及配比方案差异较大,使得边坡模型试验的成果难以得到全面的推广;目前,重晶石粉、石英砂、石膏、甘油、水能模拟自然界中大多数类型的岩体,是进行边坡模型试验的理想材料.采用三因素四水平的正交试验法,对16组不同配比相似材料进行力学试验,通过极差和方差敏感性分析得出结论如下:重晶石粉含量与密度成正比,石膏含量对密度影响不显著;抗压强度与石膏含量呈正相关关系,甘油占比对抗压强度影响明显,呈现先略微增大后急剧降低的特征;弹性模量与甘油和重晶石粉占比呈负相关关系;抗拉强度与甘油占比呈负相关关系,与石膏占比呈正相关关系;随着石膏含量的增加内聚力呈现增大的趋势;内摩擦角呈现出随重晶石粉含量增加而减小的趋势.该问题的研究对边坡模型试验相似材料的配比具有一定的指导意义.
Based on the similar material proportion problems of slope model test, We conclude the research status of the similar materials proportion of rock mass and slopes. The ratio of similar materials has a great influence on the characteristics of physical and mechanical parameters, and the material proportion schemes adopted by different scholars are quite different, which makes it difficult to comprehensively promote the results of the slope model test. It is found that barite powder, quartz sand, gypsum, glycerin and water can simulate most types rocks. These materials are suitable for the slope model tests. Three-factor four-level orthogonal test method is used to test the mechanical properties of 16 different materials with different proportions. The results of the range and variance sensitivity analysis on physical mechanics parameters are as follows: The barite powder content is proportional to the density, and the effect of the gypsum content on the density. is not significant. The compressive strength increases with the increase of gypsum content, and the glycerin content has a significant effect on the compressive strength, which is characterized by a slight increase and then sharply decreases. The elastic modulus decreases with increasing glycerin and barite powder content. The tensile strength decreases with the increase of glycerin content, and increases with the increase of gypsum content. The cohesive increases with the increase of gypsum content. The internal friction angle shows a tendency to decrease as the barite powder content increases. The study of this problem has certain guiding significance for similar material proportion of the slope model tests.
Based on the similar material proportion problems of slope model test, We conclude the research status of the similar materials proportion of rock mass and slopes. The ratio of similar materials has a great influence on the characteristics of physical and mechanical parameters, and the material proportion schemes adopted by different scholars are quite different, which makes it difficult to comprehensively promote the results of the slope model test. It is found that barite powder, quartz sand, gypsum, glycerin and water can simulate most types rocks. These materials are suitable for the slope model tests. Three-factor four-level orthogonal test method is used to test the mechanical properties of 16 different materials with different proportions. The results of the range and variance sensitivity analysis on physical mechanics parameters are as follows: The barite powder content is proportional to the density, and the effect of the gypsum content on the density. is not significant. The compressive strength increases with the increase of gypsum content, and the glycerin content has a significant effect on the compressive strength, which is characterized by a slight increase and then sharply decreases. The elastic modulus decreases with increasing glycerin and barite powder content. The tensile strength decreases with the increase of glycerin content, and increases with the increase of gypsum content. The cohesive increases with the increase of gypsum content. The internal friction angle shows a tendency to decrease as the barite powder content increases. The study of this problem has certain guiding significance for similar material proportion of the slope model tests.
引文
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Fan G,Zhang J J,Fu X,et al.2015.Large scale shaking table test on dynamic response of bedding rock slope with siltized intercalation [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese),34(9):2-2.
Fan G,Zhang J,Wu J,et al.2016.Dynamic Response and Dynamic Failure Mode of a Weak Intercalated Rock Slope Using a Shaking Table [J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,49(8):3243-3256.
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Fan G,Zhang L M,Zhang J J,et al.2017b.Time-frequency analysis of instantaneous seismic safety of bedding rock slopes [J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,94:92-101.
Fang K T.1994.Uniform design and its application [J].Application of Statistics and Management (in Chinese),13(1):57- 63.
Gong Z X,Guo C M,Gao D S.1984.The experimental studies of the geomechanical model material [J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute (in Chinese),1(1):32- 46.
Guan Z C,Gong Z F,Chen R C,et al.2016.Experimental study on mix proportion of rock similar material based on orthogonal design [J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (in Chinese),33(9):92-98,111.
Han B L,Chen X L,Song Y L,et al.1997.Research on similar material of rockmass [J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University (in Chinese),30(2):6-9.
Han B L,Zhang W C,Yang C F.1983.A new model material of geomechanics (MIB) [J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University (in Chinese),16(1):11-17.
Hao J B,Men Y M,Peng J B.2005a.Research of vibration test for deformation and damage of anti-dip angle layered rocky slope [J].Shanxi Architecture (in Chinese),31(19):86-87.
Hao J B,Men Y M,Peng J B,et al.2005a.Research on dynamic stability of layered rocky slope with model test [J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (in Chinese),22(6):72-75.
Huang R Q,Li G,Ju N P.2013.Shaking table test on strong earthquake response of stratified rock slopes [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese),32(5):865-875.
Jiang S P,Jiang H,Wang X W,et al.2009.Design test scheme of large-scale shaking table model for tunnel outlet of highway tunnel in seismic region with strong motion [J].Highway (in Chinese),10:245-249.
Jiang S P,Wen D L,Zheng S B.2011.Large-scale shaking table test for seismic response in portal section of Galongla tunnel [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese),30(4):649- 656.
Li G,Hua H L,Zhao J J.2016.Spectrum characteristics of stratified rock slopes using shaking table test [J].Journal of Engineering Geology (in Chinese),24(5):959-966.
Li X H,Lu Y Y,Kang Y,et al.2007.Simulation Technology of Rock Mechanics Experimental [M].Beijing:Science Press.
Liang Q G,Han W F,Ma R Y,et al.2005.Physical simulation study on dynamic failures of layered rock masses under strong ground motion [J].Rock and Soil Mechanics (in Chinese),26(8):1307-1311.
Lin M L,Wang K L.2006.Seismic slope behavior in a large-scale shaking table model test [J].Engineering Geology,86(2-3):118-133.
Lin Y,Yang G.2013.Dynamic behavior of railway embankment slope subjected to seismic excitation [J].Natural hazards,69(1):219-235.
Liu H X,Xu Q,Hou H J.2013.Influence of lithology and rock structure on slope seismic acceleration responses [J].Rock and Soil Mechanics (in Chinese),34(9):2482-2488.
Ma F P,Li Z K,Luo G F.2004.NIOS model material and its use in geo-mechanical similarity model test [J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,23(1):48-51.
Men Y M,Peng J B,Li X C,et al.2004.Research on vibration testing of models for dynamic stability of rock slope with layered structures [J].World Earthquake Engineering (in Chinese),20(4):131-136.
Shen T.2001.Development of geomechanics model experiment techniques [J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute (in Chinese),18(5):32-36.
Shen T,Zou Z S.1988.A study on geomechanical model materials and exploration of some experimental techniques [J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute (in Chinese),5(4):12-23.
Shi Z M,Wang Y Q,Peng M,et al.2015.Characteristics of the landslide dams induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and dynamic behavior analysis using large-scale shaking table tests [J].Engineering Geology,194:25-37.
Srilatha N,Latha G M,Puttappa C.2013.Effect of frequency on seismic response of reinforced soil slopes in shaking table tests [J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,36:27-32.
Wang K L,Lin M L.2011.Initiation and displacement of landslide induced by earthquake-a study of shaking table model slope test [J].Engineering Geology,122(1-2):106-114.
Wartman J,Seed R B,Bray J D.2005.Shaking table modeling of seismically induced deformations in slopes [J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,131(5):610- 622.
Wang H P,Li S C,Zhang Q Y,et al.2006.Development of a new geomechanical similar material [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese),25(9):1842-1847.
Wang Y.1994.Uniform design—A method for experimental design [J].Science & Technology Review (in Chinese),12(9405):20-22.
Xu G X,Yao L K,Gao Z N,et al.2008a.Large-scale shaking table model test study on dynamic characteristics and dynamic responses of slope [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese),27(3):624- 632.
Xu G X,Yao L K,Li Z H,et al.2008b.Dynamic response of slopes under earthquakes and influence of ground motion parameters [J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering (in Chinese),30(6):918-923.
Xu Q,Liu H X,Zou W,et al.2010.Large-scale shaking table test study of acceleration dynamic responses characteristics of slopes [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese),29(12):2420-2428.
Yang C,Zhang J,Liu F,et al.2015.Analysis on two typical landslide hazard phenomena in the Wenchuan earthquake by field investigations and shaking table tests [J].International journal of environmental research and public health,12(8):9181-9198.
Yang G X,Wu F Q,Dong J Y,et al.2012a.Study of dynamic response characters and failure mechanism of rock slope under earthquake [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese),31(4):696-702.
Yang G X,Ye H L,Wu F Q,et al.2012b.Shaking table model test on dynamic response characteristics and failure mechanism of antidip layered rock slope [J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,31(11):2214-2221.
Zhan Z F.2017.Seismic response and progressive failure of dip bedded rock slope under earthquake [Ph.D.thesis].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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