煤矿酸性废水污染综合治理技术与展望——以贵州省鱼洞河流域综合治理技术应用研究为例
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摘要
煤矿酸性废水污染是煤炭行业的主要污染问题之一。自20世纪80年代初期贵州省凯里市鱼洞河流域内小煤矿大规模无序开采,矿井遍布河流两侧,煤矸石随意堆放,煤矿开采导致上部岩溶水进入矿坑,与煤层及煤矸石等发生物理化学反应,产生高含铁、锰离子的煤矿酸性废水肆意流淌,造成鱼洞河流域生态环境严重污染。针对鱼洞河流域地质环境背景、煤矿开采及酸性废水形成条件,采用源头控制+末端治理的综合治理技术,将煤矿区域治理防治水技术应用到治理上,打破传统的治理模式,是一种标本兼治理的新模式。通过鱼洞河流域煤矿酸性废水综合治理新技术的研究应用,为今后贵州省及南方煤矿酸性废水综合治理起到重要示范和借鉴作用。
The coalmine acid wastewater pollution is one of major pollution issues in coal industry. During the initial stage of 1980 s,small coalmines large-scale disordered mining in the Yudonghe valley,Kaili City,Guizhou Province; coalmines can be found everywhere and coal gangue dumping at random on both sides of the valley. The mining has caused upper part karst water flowed into the pit and caused physical and chemical interactions with coal and coal gangues. The interactions produced high Fe and Mn ions contained acid wastewater wanton flow,thus the serious pollution of entironment in the valley. In allusion to the geological environment setting,coal mining and acid wastewater forming conditions,the integrated governance technology of source control plus terminal treatment has been adopted. Thus applied coalmine regional water control technology on governance,thereby broke through the traditional governance model,that is a new model to cure both external symptoms and root of problems. Through the study and application of the new coalmine acid wastewater pollution integrated governance technology have provided important demonstration and reference functions for coalmine acid wastewater integrated governance in the province and all South China henceforth.
The coalmine acid wastewater pollution is one of major pollution issues in coal industry. During the initial stage of 1980 s,small coalmines large-scale disordered mining in the Yudonghe valley,Kaili City,Guizhou Province; coalmines can be found everywhere and coal gangue dumping at random on both sides of the valley. The mining has caused upper part karst water flowed into the pit and caused physical and chemical interactions with coal and coal gangues. The interactions produced high Fe and Mn ions contained acid wastewater wanton flow,thus the serious pollution of entironment in the valley. In allusion to the geological environment setting,coal mining and acid wastewater forming conditions,the integrated governance technology of source control plus terminal treatment has been adopted. Thus applied coalmine regional water control technology on governance,thereby broke through the traditional governance model,that is a new model to cure both external symptoms and root of problems. Through the study and application of the new coalmine acid wastewater pollution integrated governance technology have provided important demonstration and reference functions for coalmine acid wastewater integrated governance in the province and all South China henceforth.
引文
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[3]孟君.煤矿酸性废水处理研究进展[J].贵州化工,2009,(34)2.
[4]张瑞雪,吴攀,杨艳,等.贵州煤矿酸性废水“被动处理”技术的新方法探讨[J].地球与环境,2010,38(2):250-254.
[5]中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局.凯里市鱼洞河流域煤矿酸性废水治理专项可行性研究报告[R].河北邯郸:中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局,2018.
[6]潘科,李正山.矿山酸性废水治理技术及发展趋势[J].四川环境,2007,26(5).
[7]杨晓松、邵立南.有色金属矿山酸性废水处理技术发展趋势[J].有色金属,2011,63(1).
[8]崔振红.矿山酸性废水治理的研究现状及发展趋势[J].现代矿业,2009(10).
[9]张成,陈刚,晁岳建,等.贵州省六枝、遵义矿区煤中汞和硫的赋存相关特性研究[J].燃料化学学报,2009,37(1):1-5.
[10]罗陨飞,李文华,姜英,等.中国煤中硫的分布特征研究[J].煤炭转化,2005,28(3):14-18.
[11]杨晓松、刘峰彪,等.高密度泥浆法处理矿山酸性废水[J].有色金属,2005,57(11):98-100.
[12]蔡美芳,党志.磁黄铁矿氧化机理及酸性矿山废水防治的研究进展[J].环境污染与防护,2006,28(1):58-61.
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