受潮汐影响的缓坡三角洲有利砂体叠置样式——以塔河油田石炭系卡拉沙依组为例
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摘要
塔河油田石炭系卡拉沙依组地层埋深大,砂体厚度薄,横向变化快。基于岩心观察、野外露头、薄片鉴定、测井和录井资料等,分析研究区砂体的成因及叠置样式;采用野外砂体构型及密井网区精细砂体解剖的方法,识别受潮汐影响的缓坡三角洲沉积模式。结果表明:研究区卡拉沙依组成因砂体主要包括水上分流河道、水下分流河道、潮汐改造分流河道、砂坪和砂泥混合坪5种类型,其中水上分流河道和水下分流河道砂体物性相对较好,是有利砂体;有利砂体叠置样式包括冲刷式、互层式和夹层式等垂向叠置样式,以及连片式、斜切式、对接式和孤立式等侧向展布样式。研究区北部靠近物源方向,为有利砂体分布区。
Carboniferous Karashayi Formation in the Tahe Oilfield is characterized by large buried depth,thin sandbody and fast lateral change.Using core observation,outcrops,slice identification,etc.,combined with logging data,we analyzed the genesis and superimposition patterns of the sandbodies in the study area;identified the gentle slope-delta sedimentary model affected by tides using sandbody architecture in the outcrops and fine sandbody anatomy in the dense well area.The research shows that the types of genesis sandbodies in the study area mainly include water diversion channel,underwater distributary channel,tidal diversion channel,sand flat and sand-mud mixed flat.The sandbodies of water diversion channel and underwater distributary channel are favorable sandbodies.The results also show that superimposition patterns of the favorable sandbodies include vertical stacking styles such as scoured type,inter-layer type and sandwich type,as well as lateral spreading styles such as vast type,slanting type,butt-joint type and isolated type.The northern part of the study area is close to the source and is a favorable sandbody distribution area.
Carboniferous Karashayi Formation in the Tahe Oilfield is characterized by large buried depth,thin sandbody and fast lateral change.Using core observation,outcrops,slice identification,etc.,combined with logging data,we analyzed the genesis and superimposition patterns of the sandbodies in the study area;identified the gentle slope-delta sedimentary model affected by tides using sandbody architecture in the outcrops and fine sandbody anatomy in the dense well area.The research shows that the types of genesis sandbodies in the study area mainly include water diversion channel,underwater distributary channel,tidal diversion channel,sand flat and sand-mud mixed flat.The sandbodies of water diversion channel and underwater distributary channel are favorable sandbodies.The results also show that superimposition patterns of the favorable sandbodies include vertical stacking styles such as scoured type,inter-layer type and sandwich type,as well as lateral spreading styles such as vast type,slanting type,butt-joint type and isolated type.The northern part of the study area is close to the source and is a favorable sandbody distribution area.
引文
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[2]李凤杰,蒋斌,赵俊兴.鄂尔多斯坳陷湖盆缓坡型三角洲前缘沉积微相分带及成因分析:以定边—安边地区延长组长6油组为例[J].矿物岩石,2008,28(3):111-117.LI Fengjie,JIANG Bin,ZHAO Junxing.The sedimentary microfacies zoning and its genetic analysis of delta front in depression-type lacustring basin[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2008,28(3):111-117.
[3]施辉,刘震,张勤学,等.柴达木盆地西南区古近系浅水三角洲形成条件及砂体特征[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(1):188-198.SHI Hui,LIU Zhen,ZHANG Qinxue,et al.Shallow delta forming condition and sand body characteristics in Paleogene of Southwestern Qaidam Basin[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015,46(1):188-198.
[4]李凤杰,王多云,郑希民,等.陕甘宁盆地华池地区延长组缓坡带三角洲前缘的微相构成[J].沉积学报,2002,20(4):582-587.LI Fengjie,WANG Duoyun,ZHENG Ximin,et al.The microfacies architecture of delta front along gentle slope zone of Yanchang Formation in Huachi Area,Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(4):582-587.
[5]金振奎,李燕,高白水,等.现代缓坡三角洲沉积模式:以鄱阳湖赣江三角洲为例[J].沉积学报,2014,32(4):710-723.JIN Zhenkui,LI Yan,GAO Baishui,et al.Depositional model of modern gentle-slope delta:a case study from Ganjiang Delta in Poyang Lake[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2014,32(4):710-723.
[6]刘忠保,罗顺社,何幼斌,等.缓坡浅水辫状河三角洲沉积模拟实验研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2011,9(6):9-14.LIU Zhongbao,LUO Shunshe,HE Youbin,et al.Study on sedimentation simulation experiment of gentle-slope shallow braided river delta[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2011,9(6):9-14.
[7]秦祎,朱世发,朱筱敏,等.东营凹陷南缓坡浅水三角洲沉积特征与源—汇过程[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):2081-2094.QIN Yi,ZHU Shifa,ZHU Xiaomin,et al.Shallow water delta sedimentation and source-to-sink process in the south slope belt,Dongying Sag[J].Earth Science,2017,42(11):2081-2094.
[8]徐丽强,李胜利,于兴河,等.辫状河三角洲前缘储层构型分析:以彩南油田彩9井区三工河组为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(5):50-57.XU Liqiang,LI Shengli,YU Xinghe,et al.Analysis of reservoir architecture in the braided river delta front:a case study of the Sangonghe Formation in block Cai9of Cainan Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(5):50-57.
[9]徐丽强,李胜利,于兴河,等.辫状河三角洲前缘储层隔夹层表征及剩余油预测:以彩南油田彩9井区三工河组为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(4):10-18.XU Liqiang,LI Shengli,YU Xinghe,et al.Characterization of barrier-intercalation and remaining oil prediction in the braided river delta front reservoirs:an example from the Sangonghe Formation in block Cai9of Cainan Oilfield[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(4):10-18.
[10]赵晔,师永民,刘新菊,等.安塞浅水三角洲前缘复合单砂体精细识别与划分[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(3):56-60.ZHAO Ye,SHI Yongmin,LIU Xinju,et al.Precise identification and classification of composite single sandbodies in the Ansai Shallow Water Delta Front[J].Special Oil &Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(3):56-60.
[11]MIALL A D.Architecture-element analysis:a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposit[J].Earth Science Review,1985,22(4):261-308.
[12]薛培华.河流点坝相储层模式概论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991:23-35.XUE Peihua.Introduction of river point bar facies reservoir model[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1991:23-35.
[13]李宇鹏,吴胜和,耿丽慧,等.基于空间矢量的点坝砂体储层构型建模[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):133-139.LI Yupeng,WU Shenghe,GENG Lihui,et al.Spatial-vector-based reservoir architecture modeling of point-bar sand[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(1):133-139.
[14]王凤兰,白振强,朱伟.曲流河砂体内部构型及不同开发阶段剩余油分布研究[J].沉积学报,2011,39(3):512-519.WANG Fenglan,BAI Zhenqiang,ZHU Wei.Study on geological 3Dreservoir architecture modeling and distribution of remaining oil of different development stage in meandering reservoir[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,39(3):512-519.
[15]白振强,王清华,杜庆龙,等.曲流河砂体三维构型地质建模及数值模拟研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(6):898-902.BAI Zhenqiang,WANG Qinghua,DU Qinglong,et al.Study on 3Darchitecture geology modeling and digital simulation in meandering reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(6):898-902.
[16]GABRIELA I K,MATTHEW J P,REX D,et al.Stratigraphic architecture of fluvial deposits from borehole images,spectral-gamma-ray response,and outcrop analogs,Piceance Basin,Colorado[J].AAPG Bulletin,2015,99(10):1929-1956.
[17]金振奎,杨有星,尚建林,等.辫状河砂体构型及定量参数研究:以阜康、柳林和延安地区辫状河露头为例[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(3):311-317.JIN Zhenkui,YANG Youxing,SHANG Jianlin,et al.Sandbody architecture and quantitative parameters of single channel sandbodies of braided river:cases from outcrops of braided river in Fukang,Liulin and Yan'an Areas[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(3):311-317.
[18]牛博,高兴军,赵应成,等.古辫状河心滩坝内部构型表征与建模:以大庆油田萨中密井网区为例[J].石油学报,2015,36(1):89-100.NIU Bo,GAO Xingjun,ZHAO Yingcheng,et al.Architecture characterization and modeling of channel bar in paleo-braided river:a case study of dense well pattern area of Sazhong in Daqing Oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(1):89-100.
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