含Cu抗菌双相不锈钢的空蚀行为研究
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摘要
利用磁致伸缩空蚀试验机将含Cu抗菌双相不锈钢在人工海水中进行了空蚀试验,绘制了累积损失质量和损失率曲线。通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)分析了其空蚀机理,并与母材进行了对比分析。结果表明,在560℃时效含Cu双相不锈钢空蚀破坏分为初发期、加速期、回落期和稳定期4个阶段。对比于固溶母材,空蚀3h前其损伤程度大于固溶母材,3h后损伤程度小于固溶母材;50h后,抗菌材料和固溶母材空蚀累积损失量分别为2.5和4.2mg,经时效处理的含Cu抗菌双相不锈钢的空蚀破坏程度较轻。抗菌材料中细小弥散状的富Cu相增强了铁素体的抗空蚀能力,但奥氏体的晶体结构及其内部位错造成的滑移阻碍使得其抗空蚀能力仍高于含富Cu相的铁素体。抗菌材料的硬度值因时效析出弥散分布的富Cu相而始终高于固溶母材。
Cavitation erosion test of copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless steel in artificial seawater was carried out by using a magnetostrictive cavitation test machine,and the cumulative loss weight and weight loss curve were measured by weight loss.The cavitation erosion mechanism was analyzed by OM,ESEM,EDS,XRD and so on.The results reveal that the cavitation erosion of the copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless steel after aging treatment at 560 ℃is divided into initial period,accelerated period,decreased period and stable period.Compare with the base material,the cavitation damage of copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless presents more serious.After 50 h,the weight loss of corrosion resistance of antibacterial materials and solution material reach 2.5 mg and 4.2 mg,respectively,and the cavitation damage of copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless steel after antibacterial aging is reduced.The fine and dispersion Cu-rich phase in antibacterial material can enhance the cavitation erosion resistance of ferrite,however the crystal structure of austenite and the sliding hindrance caused by internal dislocation determine that the cavitation erosion resistance is the higher than the ferrite with Curich phase.The micro-hardness of the antibacterial material and solution material is increased with the increase of cavitation time,however,the hardness value of antibacterial material is always higher than that of solid solution ones due to the dispersion of aging precipitation and rich Cu phase.
Cavitation erosion test of copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless steel in artificial seawater was carried out by using a magnetostrictive cavitation test machine,and the cumulative loss weight and weight loss curve were measured by weight loss.The cavitation erosion mechanism was analyzed by OM,ESEM,EDS,XRD and so on.The results reveal that the cavitation erosion of the copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless steel after aging treatment at 560 ℃is divided into initial period,accelerated period,decreased period and stable period.Compare with the base material,the cavitation damage of copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless presents more serious.After 50 h,the weight loss of corrosion resistance of antibacterial materials and solution material reach 2.5 mg and 4.2 mg,respectively,and the cavitation damage of copper-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless steel after antibacterial aging is reduced.The fine and dispersion Cu-rich phase in antibacterial material can enhance the cavitation erosion resistance of ferrite,however the crystal structure of austenite and the sliding hindrance caused by internal dislocation determine that the cavitation erosion resistance is the higher than the ferrite with Curich phase.The micro-hardness of the antibacterial material and solution material is increased with the increase of cavitation time,however,the hardness value of antibacterial material is always higher than that of solid solution ones due to the dispersion of aging precipitation and rich Cu phase.
引文
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[2]KEITH C B.Duplex stainless steels in the pulp and paper industry[J].Corrosion,1997,44(3):170-174.
[3]柳伟,郑玉贵,刘常升,等.Cr-Mn-N奥氏体-铁素体不锈钢的空蚀行为[J].金属学报,2003,39(1):85-88.
[4]HONG I T,KOO C H.Antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Cu-modified SUS 304stainless steel[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.,2005,A393(1):213-222.
[5]LOU Y T,LIN L,XU D K,et al.Antibacterial ability of a novel Cu-bearing 2205duplex stainless steel against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm in artificial seawater[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2016,110(5):199-205.
[6]陈四红,吕曼祺,张敬党,等.含Cu抗菌不锈钢的微观组织及其抗菌性能[J].金属学报,2004,40(3):314-318.
[7]吕曼祺,陈四红,董加胜,等.铁素体抗菌不锈钢杀菌过程与机理初探[J].金属功能材料,2005,12(6):10-13.
[8]ZHANG X Y,HUANG X B,MA Y,et al.Bactericidal behavior of Cu-containing stainless steel surfaces[J].Applied Surface Science,2012,258(24):10 058-10 063.
[9]林浩,尹月,王小丽,等.含铜抗菌马氏体不锈钢的组织与性能[J].金属功能材料,2007,14(2):14-17.
[10]张志霞.含铜(氮)抗菌不锈钢的组织与性能研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007.
[11]张志霞,林刚,徐洲.含铜铁素体抗菌不锈钢中抗菌相的析出行为[J].材料热处理学报,2008,29(5):93-96.
[12]王永霞.含铜抗菌双相不锈钢性能研究[D].福州:福州大学,2014.
[13]MESA D H,GARZN C M,TSCHIPTSCHIN A P.Influence of cold-work on the cavitation erosion resistance and on the damage mechanisms in high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steels[J].Wear,2011,271(9/10):1 372-1 377.
[14]王晓姣,沈琴,严菊杰,等.沉淀强化钢中两相区NiAl相和富Cu相的析出特点[J].金属学报,2014,50(11):1 305-1 310.