Pb胁迫对木豆幼苗生长和生理指标的影响
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摘要
木豆[Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp.]具有喜温暖、耐干旱等生态习性,但其能否作为铅尾矿矿砂库(lead tailings,简称LT)植被修复的植物物种尚不明确。以铅尾矿矿砂混合园土为栽培基质,研究木豆的生长和相关生理指标,测定栽培基质的理化指标,测定幼苗的株高、根长、电导率、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性等指标。在测定植物的各个生长及生理指标后发现,随着铅尾矿矿砂含量的升高,处理的木豆生长受抑制逐渐增强,木豆根长、株高变短,耐性指数下降。木豆叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量没有明显变化,地下部分的电导率呈先升后降的趋势,在Pb处理下,木豆幼苗的SOD、POD活性受到抑制,而MDA含量与地下部分的GSH含量有明显的提升。统计分析表明,对木豆幼苗生长的限制性因子为栽培基质中铅的含量,重金属铅对植物的生长产生胁迫作用,其胁迫强度随Pb浓度的增加而增大。
引文
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[4]Mhatre G N,Pankhurst C E. Bioindicators to detect contamination of soils with special reference to heavy metals[M]// Pankhurst C E,Doube B M,Gupta V V S R. Biological indicators of soil health. New York:CAB International,1997:349-369.
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[6]殷姝媛. 两种菊科植物对铅胁迫的耐性生理及铅污染环境修复研究[D]. 南昌:江西财经大学,2014.
[7]江灶发,刘蕊. 铅、锌及其复合胁迫对台湾泡桐幼苗生长及生理抗性的影响[C]//中国园艺学会观赏园艺专业委员会,国家花卉工程技术研究中心.中国观赏园艺研究进展2015. 北京:中国园艺学会,2015:472-476.
[8]司卫静,原海燕,韩玉林,等. Pb胁迫对香豌豆幼苗部分生长和生理生化指标的影响[J]. 植物资源与环境学报,2013,22(2):86-91.
[9]Jiang Z F,Huang S Z,Han Y L,et al. Physiological response of Cu and Cu mine tailing remediation of Paulownia fortunei (Seem) Hemsl[J]. Ecotoxicology,2012,21(3):759-767.
[10]Han Y L,Huang S Z,Yuan H Y,et al. Organic acids on the growth,anatomical structure,biochemical parameters and heavy metal accumulation of Iris lactea var. chinensis seedling growing in Pb mine tailings[J]. Ecotoxicology,2013,22(6):1033-1042.
[11]鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 3版. 北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[12]Han Y L,Yuan H Y,Huang S Z,et al. Cadmium tolerance and accumulation by two species of Iris[J]. Ecotoxicology,2007,16(8):557-563.
[13]马宗琪,崔静,王秀,等. 树木叶片叶绿素含量三种测定方法的比较[J]. 林业科技,2016,41(5):42-45.
[14]杨鹏辉,李贵全,郭丽,等. 干旱胁迫对不同抗旱大豆品种花荚期质膜透性的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究,2003,21(3):127-130.
[15]李子芳,吴锡冬. 植物丙二醛含量测定试验设计方案[J]. 天津农业科学,2016,22(9):49-51.
[16]Jiang M,Zhang J. Effect of abscisic acid on active oxygen species,antioxidative defence system and oxidative damage in leaves of maize seedlings[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,2001,42(11):1265-1273.
[17]李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[18]白瑞琴,韩蕾,李燕,等. 重金属铅对蜀葵、二月蓝种子萌发和幼苗生长的毒害效应研究[J]. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,30(1):1-5.
[19]Sen S,Smith M E,Setter T. Effects of low nitrogen on chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation in maiz[J]. African Journal of Agricultural Research,2016,11(12):1001-1007.
[20]闫川. 水稻穗叶体温和颖花育性及其影响因子研究[D]. 南京:南京农业大学,2009.
[21]胡淑静. 红宝石观赏草组织培养体系的初步建立和干热胁迫下的适应性研究[D]. 重庆:西南大学,2009.
[22]Xu Q S,Min H L,Cai S J,et al. Subcellular distribution and toxicity of cadmium in Potamogeton crispus L.[J]. Chemosphere,2012,89(1):114-120.