外场对聚(3-己基噻吩)溶液结晶行为的影响
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摘要
以聚(3-己基噻吩)(P3HT)为研究对象,借助紫外-可见光谱与原子力显微镜,详细考察了旋转剪切场、紫外光照射、超声处理3种外场对P3HT/混合溶剂(CHCl3-CH2Cl2)体系结晶行为的影响,此外,还研究了P3HT溶液结晶的"记忆效应"。研究表明:旋转场能够显著提高P3HT的结晶度,而紫外光照射和超声处理易使溶液中分子链的活动性增加,对结晶性的影响不显著;施加外场并没有改变溶液中纳米线的聚集形式,仍为H聚集;P3HT溶液的初始态不同,其结晶过程中的晶体微结构及形貌也会发生变化。
Because of the regularity of the nanowire and its large ratio of length to diameter,it can greatly improve the electron mobility along the nanowire growth direction,therefore nanowire becomes the research focus in the photoelectric polymer field.External field can influence the order degree of polymer chain.In order to investigate the effect of the external field on the order degree of poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3 HT)chains in detail,the influence of the rotating shearing field,the ultraviolet radiation,and the ultrasonic treatment field on the crystallization behavior of the P3 HT/mixed solvent(CHCl3-CH2 Cl2,VCHCl3/VCH2 Cl2=1/2)was investigated by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and AFM.In addition,the"memory effect"of P3 HT solution crystallization was studied.The in-situ UV-Vis characterization for the effect of the rotating shearing field on the structure is performed on the home-made instrument.Under the rotating shear field,ultraviolet irradiation and ultrasonic treatment,the degree of crystallization and aggregation of P3 HT solutions mixed solvents are different.The degree of crystallization of P3 HT is significantly improved by rotating at 1 500 r/min for 24 h,and under ultraviolet light of 254 nm and 365 nm for 20 min.The crystallinity of P3 HT solution is also improved.The external fields have not changed the H aggregation of the nanowires.The crystal microstructure and morphology change depends on different initial states of the P3 HT solution.
Because of the regularity of the nanowire and its large ratio of length to diameter,it can greatly improve the electron mobility along the nanowire growth direction,therefore nanowire becomes the research focus in the photoelectric polymer field.External field can influence the order degree of polymer chain.In order to investigate the effect of the external field on the order degree of poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3 HT)chains in detail,the influence of the rotating shearing field,the ultraviolet radiation,and the ultrasonic treatment field on the crystallization behavior of the P3 HT/mixed solvent(CHCl3-CH2 Cl2,VCHCl3/VCH2 Cl2=1/2)was investigated by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and AFM.In addition,the"memory effect"of P3 HT solution crystallization was studied.The in-situ UV-Vis characterization for the effect of the rotating shearing field on the structure is performed on the home-made instrument.Under the rotating shear field,ultraviolet irradiation and ultrasonic treatment,the degree of crystallization and aggregation of P3 HT solutions mixed solvents are different.The degree of crystallization of P3 HT is significantly improved by rotating at 1 500 r/min for 24 h,and under ultraviolet light of 254 nm and 365 nm for 20 min.The crystallinity of P3 HT solution is also improved.The external fields have not changed the H aggregation of the nanowires.The crystal microstructure and morphology change depends on different initial states of the P3 HT solution.
引文
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[2] YU Z,YAN H,LU K,et al.Self-assembly of two-dimensional nanostructures of linear regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene)[J].RSC Advances,2012,2(1):338-343.
[3] YUAN Y,SHU J,LIU P,et al.Study onπ-πinteraction in H-and J-aggregates of poly(3-hexylthiophene)nanowires by multi-techniques[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2015,119(26):8446-8456.
[4] NAWROCKI R A,PAVLICA E,'CELI'C N,et al.Fabrication of poly(3-hexylthiophene)nanowires for high-mobility transistors[J].Organic Electronics,2016,30:92-98.
[5] SUN S,SALIM T,WONG LH,et al.A new insight into controlling poly(3-hexylthiophene)nanofiber growth through a mixed-solvent approach for organic photovoltaics applications[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2011,21(2):377-386.
[6] OH J Y,SHIN M,LEE T I,et al.Self-seeded growth of poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)nanofibrils by a cycle of cooling and heating in solutions[J].Macromolecules,2012,45(18):7504-7513.
[7] FU C M,JENG K S,LI Y H,et al.Effects of thermal annealing and solvent annealing on the morphologies and properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene)nanowires[J].Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,2015,216(1):59-68.
[8] YE Z,YANG X,CUI H,et al.Nanowires with unusual packing of poly-(3-hexylthiophene)s induced by electric fields[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry C,2014,2(33):6773-6780.
[9] KIM B G,KIM M S,KIM J.Ultrasonic-assisted nanodimensional self-assembly of poly-3-hexylthiophene for organic photovoltaic cells[J].ACS Nano,2010,4(4):2160-2166.
[10] ZHAO K,KHAN H U,LI R,et al.Entanglement of conjugated polymer chains influences molecular self-assembly and carrier transport[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2013,23(48):6024-6035.
[11] WANG Z,MA Z,LI L.Flow-induced crystallization of polymers:Molecular and thermodynamic considerations[J].Macromolecules,2016,49(5):1505-1517.
[12] WIE J J,NGUYEN N A,CWALINA C D,et al.Shear-induced solution crystallization of poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)[J].Macromolecules,2014,47(10):3343-3349.
[13] NILES E T,ROEHLING J D,YAMAGATA H,et al.J-aggregate behavior in poly-3-hexylthiophene nanofibers[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2012,3(2):259-263.
[14] CHANG M,LEE J,CHU P H,et al.Anisotropic assembly of conjugated polymer nanocrystallites for enhanced charge transport[J].ACS Applied Materirals and Interfaces,2014,6(23):21541-21549.
[15] ZHAO K,XUE L,LIU J,et al.A new method to improve poly(3-hexyl thiophene)(P3HT)crystalline behavior:Decreasing chains entanglement to promote order-disorder transformation in solution[J].Langmuir,2010,26(1):471-477.