山地果园机械化体系建设研究——以广东省山地果园为例
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摘要
水果作为广东省重要的经济作物,其种植面积、产量、人均消费量均逐年增加。山地果园机械化对实现增产增收、促进宜居宜业,发展广东特色现代化农业具有重要意义。为此,结合对广东省山地果园所在地区典型村劳动力情况、果园情况、果园机械使用情况、果园机械需求情况等进行的详细调研,分析了广东省山地果园机械化体系建设进程中存在的机遇,并从研发单位、生产企业、推广部门、果农及维修服务等角度分析了目前存在的问题与困难,针对性地提出了广东省山地果园机械化体系建设的发展战略构想、措施和政策建议。
Fruit is an important cash crop in Guangdong Province, of which the planting area, yield and per capita consumption increase year by year. The mechanization of mountainous orchard is of great significance for increasing fruit production and farmers' income, promoting a suitable environment for farmers' living and working, and developing modern agriculture with Guangdong characteristics. For this reason, the author firstly did exhaustive research on the mountainous orchard situations in two representative villages locating in Guangdong in aspects such as the labor force, the orchard situation, the use of machinery, the demand of machinery. Then, the author analyzed existing opportunities in the construction process of mountainous orchard mechanized system in Guangdong Province, and found out existing problems and difficulties in its construction process from the perspectives such as research and development units, production enterprises, promotion departments, fruit farmers and maintenance services. Finally,the author put forward the strategic concept, measures and policy suggestions on the construction of mechanized system of mountainous orchard in Guangdong.
Fruit is an important cash crop in Guangdong Province, of which the planting area, yield and per capita consumption increase year by year. The mechanization of mountainous orchard is of great significance for increasing fruit production and farmers' income, promoting a suitable environment for farmers' living and working, and developing modern agriculture with Guangdong characteristics. For this reason, the author firstly did exhaustive research on the mountainous orchard situations in two representative villages locating in Guangdong in aspects such as the labor force, the orchard situation, the use of machinery, the demand of machinery. Then, the author analyzed existing opportunities in the construction process of mountainous orchard mechanized system in Guangdong Province, and found out existing problems and difficulties in its construction process from the perspectives such as research and development units, production enterprises, promotion departments, fruit farmers and maintenance services. Finally,the author put forward the strategic concept, measures and policy suggestions on the construction of mechanized system of mountainous orchard in Guangdong.
引文
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[13]宋淑然,陈建泽,洪添胜,等.果园柔性对靶喷雾装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(10):57-63.
[14]岳学军,刘永鑫,洪添胜,等.山地果园中低功耗无线滴灌控制装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(9):102-109.
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[17]刘大为,谢方平,李旭,等.果园采摘平台行走机构的研究现状及发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2013,35(2):249-252.
[18]盛玲玲,宋淑然,洪添胜,等.广东省山地果园机械化现状与发展思考[J].农机化研究,2017,39(11):257-262.
[19]马锞,胡锐清,罗诗,等.东莞山地果园机械化现状与发展思路[J].广东农业科学,2014(5):15-17,31.
[2]盛玲玲.山地水果生产机械化现状及发展策略研究[D].广州:华南农业大学,2017.
[3]沈海波,徐世艳,刘志全,等.吉林省玉米机械化生产现状及发展途径探讨[J].吉林农业科学,2010,35(5):46-49.
[4]刘亚琼,黄英.农业机械化对农村环境影响的实证研究[J].农机化研究,2016,38(12):75-80.
[5]吴尚华,韩国靖,于洪斌,等.吉林省保护性耕作可行性与必然性分析[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(4):8-10.
[6]罗锡文,廖娟,胡炼,等.提高农业机械化水平促进农业可持续发展[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(1):1-11.
[7]王术,刘一明.农业机械化与区域农业可持续发展关系实证分析[J].农机化研究,2015,37(4):1-6,31.
[8]赵映,肖宏儒,梅松,等.我国果园机械化生产现状与发展策略[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(6):116-127.
[9]孟祥金,沈从举,汤智辉,等.果园作业机械的现状与发展[J].农机化研究,2012,34(1):238-241.
[10]李军,韩成伟.浅析农业结构调整与农机化发展[J].吉林农业科学,2004,29(6):51-53.
[11]洪添胜,杨洲,宋淑然,等.柑橘生产机械化研究[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(12):105-110.
[12]欧阳玉平,洪添胜,焦富江,等.山地果园拆装单向牵引式双轨运输机的设计[J].华中农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(1):128-135.
[13]宋淑然,陈建泽,洪添胜,等.果园柔性对靶喷雾装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(10):57-63.
[14]岳学军,刘永鑫,洪添胜,等.山地果园中低功耗无线滴灌控制装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(9):102-109.
[15]刘杰,张衍林,张闻宇,等.山地果园无动力运输机设计[J].华中农业大学学报,2017,36(1):117-122.
[16]洪添胜,张衍林,宋淑然,等.山地果园运输与喷雾机械的研究与应用[J].现代农业装备,2014(5):21-27,31.
[17]刘大为,谢方平,李旭,等.果园采摘平台行走机构的研究现状及发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2013,35(2):249-252.
[18]盛玲玲,宋淑然,洪添胜,等.广东省山地果园机械化现状与发展思考[J].农机化研究,2017,39(11):257-262.
[19]马锞,胡锐清,罗诗,等.东莞山地果园机械化现状与发展思路[J].广东农业科学,2014(5):15-17,31.