有机黏土I.30 P/溴化丁基橡胶纳米复合材料的结构与性能
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摘要
采用共混法制备了有机黏土I. 30 P/溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR)纳米复合材料(BIIRCNs),研究了I. 30 P的结构变化,以及BIIRCNs的硫化特性、力学性能、微观相态和气液阻隔性能。结果表明,填充I. 30 P可以提高BIIR的硫化速率和交联密度。当I. 30 P填充量为10份(质量,下同)时,BIIRCNs中的黏土片层间距增至4. 50 nm(I. 30 P的起始层间距为2. 02 nm),表明形成了插层结构的复合材料;在此填充量下,BIIRCNs的拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别为6. 80 MPa和12. 13 N/mm,较纯BIIR的3. 14 MPa和7. 42 N/mm分别提高了117%和63%,且I. 30 P在橡胶基质中的分散形态较为细致、均匀。具有较大长径比的I. 30 P均匀分布在橡胶基质中提高了复合材料的气液阻隔性能,其填充量为10份时BIIRCNs的气体透过系数较纯BIIR下降了约71%,液体溶胀程度下降约37%。
Organic clay I. 30 P( I. 30 P)/brominated butyl rubber( BIIR) nanocomposites( BIIRCNs) were prepared by mechanical blending. The microstructure of I. 30 P was characterized,and the curing characteristics, mechanical properties, micromorphological structure, and gas/liquid barrier property of BIIRCNs were investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of I. 30 P increased the curing rate and crosslinking density of BIIR. When I. 30 P was 10 phr( mass,the same below),the lamella spacing of I. 30 P in BIIRCNs increased from2. 02 nm to 4. 50 nm,indicating the formation of intercalated structure. At the same amount of I. 30 P,the tensile strength and tear strength of BIIRCNs were 6. 80 MPa and 12. 13 N/mm,increased by117% and 63% respectively compared to 3. 14 MPa and 7. 42 N/mm of pure BIIR. The dispersion phase of I. 30 P in BIIR matrix was fine and uniform,and the homogeneous dispersion of I. 30 P with a large aspect ratio in BIIR improved the gas/liquid barrier property of composites. The gas permeability of BIIRCNs filled with 10 phr I. 30 P decreased by 71%,and the swelling ratio in liquid decreased by 37%.
Organic clay I. 30 P( I. 30 P)/brominated butyl rubber( BIIR) nanocomposites( BIIRCNs) were prepared by mechanical blending. The microstructure of I. 30 P was characterized,and the curing characteristics, mechanical properties, micromorphological structure, and gas/liquid barrier property of BIIRCNs were investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of I. 30 P increased the curing rate and crosslinking density of BIIR. When I. 30 P was 10 phr( mass,the same below),the lamella spacing of I. 30 P in BIIRCNs increased from2. 02 nm to 4. 50 nm,indicating the formation of intercalated structure. At the same amount of I. 30 P,the tensile strength and tear strength of BIIRCNs were 6. 80 MPa and 12. 13 N/mm,increased by117% and 63% respectively compared to 3. 14 MPa and 7. 42 N/mm of pure BIIR. The dispersion phase of I. 30 P in BIIR matrix was fine and uniform,and the homogeneous dispersion of I. 30 P with a large aspect ratio in BIIR improved the gas/liquid barrier property of composites. The gas permeability of BIIRCNs filled with 10 phr I. 30 P decreased by 71%,and the swelling ratio in liquid decreased by 37%.
引文
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[3]刘平生,李利,周宁琳,等.蒙脱土/聚丙烯酸高吸水性树脂的合成[J].复合材料学报,2006,23(3):44-48.
[4]曹俊,王洋,张博明.有机黏土对碳纤维/聚醚砜-环氧复合材料层间断裂韧性的影响[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(10):2141-2150.
[5]王君,周松,王博,等.纳米蒙脱土对交联聚丙烯酸钠/丁腈橡胶吸水膨胀橡胶性能的影响[J].合成橡胶工业,2017,40(2):147-151.
[6] Li Peiyao,Wang Li,Song Guojun,et al. Characterization of high-performance exfoliated natural rubber/organoclay nanocomposites[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2008,109(6):3831-3838.
[7] He Shaojian,Wang Yiqing,Wu Youping,et al. Preparation,structure,performance,industrialization and application of advanced rubber/clay nanocomposites based on latex compounding method[J]. Plastics,Rubber and Composites,2013,39(1):33-42.
[8] Suprakas Sinha Ray,Masami Okamoto. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites:A review from preparation to processing[J].Progress in Polymer Science,2003,28(11):1539-1641.
[9] Liang Yurong,Wang Yiqing,Wu Youping,et al. Preparation and properties of isobutylene-isoprene rubber(IIR)/clay nanocomposites[J]. Polymer Testing,2005,24(1):12-17.
[10]谭英杰,梁玉蓉,王林艳,等.高性能IIR/有机粘土纳米复合材料的新型制备方法[J].化工学报,2012,63(7):2303-2309.
[11]王钰涛,唐颂超,李远,等.凹凸棒土/三元乙丙橡胶纳米复合材料的制备与性能[J].合成橡胶工业,2016,39(1):15-19.
[12] Lu Yonglai,Li Zhao,Mao Lixin,et al. Impact of curing temperature on microstructures and properties of isobutylene-isoprene rubber/clay nanocomposites[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2010,110(2):1034-1042.
[13]杨晋涛,范宏,卜志扬,等.蒙脱土填充补强丁苯橡胶及对橡胶硫化特性的影响[J].复合材料学报,2005,22(2):38-45.
[14] Ma Xingfa,Wu Chongguang,Wang Zhongping. Micro-structural evolution of rubber/clay nanocomposites with vulcanization process[J]. Express Polymer Letters,2011,5(9):777-787.
[15]蔡诗萌,梁玉蓉,刘舒婷,等.不同类型有机蒙脱土增强顺丁橡胶纳米复合材料的结构与性能[J].合成橡胶工业,2016,39(4):317-321.
[16] Kazuhisa Yano,Arimitsu Uuki,A Okada. Synthesis and properties of polyimide-clay hybrid[J]. Journal of Polymer Science(Part A):Polymer Chemistry,1993,31(10):2289-2294.
[17] Liang Yurong,Cao Weiliang,Li Zhao,et al. A new strategy to improve the gas barrier property of isobutylene-isoprene rubber/clay nanocomposites[J]. Polymer Testing,2008,27(3):270-276.
[18] Ahmed M A,Kandil U F,Shaker N O,et al. The overall effect of reactive rubber nanoparticles and nanoclay on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin[J]. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences,2015,8(4):549-561.