软弱倾斜复合基底排土场边坡失稳机理与控制
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摘要
针对露天矿软弱倾斜基底排土场边坡变形失稳问题,以蒙东西二露天矿排土场边坡为工程背景,基于刚体极限平衡与三维数值模拟方法,揭示了不同基底倾角条件下排土场边坡稳定性变化规律,分析了软弱倾斜复合基底排土场边坡失稳机理,并讨论了治理措施。研究表明:①排土场边坡稳定性与顺倾基底倾角呈负相关关系,与逆倾基底倾角呈正相关关系;②排土场边坡基底失稳过程可分为排土场沉降、局部剪切错动、局部剪切破坏、剪切裂缝扩展和贯通5个阶段;③排土场潜在滑坡模式是以排弃物料内部拉裂的圆弧形态为侧界面,以基底剪切滑移为底界面的切层—顺层滑动;④排土场边坡基底逆倾时的稳定性明显优于基底顺倾时的稳定性,极限平衡法分析结果与数值模拟研究结果具有良好的一致性,充分体现了软弱倾斜复合基底排土场的边坡失稳特征。在上述分析的基础上,进一步讨论了排土场边坡稳定性控制方案。针对顺倾基底明显不利于排土场稳定的问题,通过调整局部区段排土线的布置及发展方式和改变剥离物的排弃顺序有助于提高顺倾基底条件下排土场的稳定性。
Aiming at the problem of deformation and instability of dump slope with soft inclined composite basement in open-pit mine,taking Mengdong west No.2 open-pit coal mine as the engineering background,and based on the rigid body limit equilibrium method and three-dimensional numerical simulation method,the stability variation regularity of dump slope with different basement dip angles is studied,the instability mechanism of the stability of the soft inclined composite basement dump is analyzed,besides that,the corresponding control measures are given.The study results show that:①the slope stability is negatively correlated with the dip angle of the acclinal basement and positively correlated with the dip angle of the reversed dip angle of the basement;②the instability process of the slope basement can be divided into 5 stages,they are dump settlement,local shear dislocation,local shear failure,shear crack expansion and penetration;③the potential landslide mode can be described as intersection-bedding sliding,which taking the arc shape of the tensile crack of internal disposal material as side interface and the basement shear slipping as the bottom interface;④the stability of dump slope with reversed basdment is obviously better than that of the dump slope with conclinal basement,the analysis results of limit equilibrium method is well consistent with the numerical simulation results,which fully reflects the instability characteristics of the dump slope with soft inclined composite basement.On the basis of the above discussion,the stability control measures of the dump slope stability are further discussed.In order to improve the stability of dump slope under the condition of conclinal basement,the layout and development mode of local section dump lines and the order of stripped materials can be adjusted.
Aiming at the problem of deformation and instability of dump slope with soft inclined composite basement in open-pit mine,taking Mengdong west No.2 open-pit coal mine as the engineering background,and based on the rigid body limit equilibrium method and three-dimensional numerical simulation method,the stability variation regularity of dump slope with different basement dip angles is studied,the instability mechanism of the stability of the soft inclined composite basement dump is analyzed,besides that,the corresponding control measures are given.The study results show that:①the slope stability is negatively correlated with the dip angle of the acclinal basement and positively correlated with the dip angle of the reversed dip angle of the basement;②the instability process of the slope basement can be divided into 5 stages,they are dump settlement,local shear dislocation,local shear failure,shear crack expansion and penetration;③the potential landslide mode can be described as intersection-bedding sliding,which taking the arc shape of the tensile crack of internal disposal material as side interface and the basement shear slipping as the bottom interface;④the stability of dump slope with reversed basdment is obviously better than that of the dump slope with conclinal basement,the analysis results of limit equilibrium method is well consistent with the numerical simulation results,which fully reflects the instability characteristics of the dump slope with soft inclined composite basement.On the basis of the above discussion,the stability control measures of the dump slope stability are further discussed.In order to improve the stability of dump slope under the condition of conclinal basement,the layout and development mode of local section dump lines and the order of stripped materials can be adjusted.
引文
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[14]陈立云.胜利煤田西二号露天煤矿排土场边坡工程地质环境条件及稳定性预测[J].西部资源,2015(6):71-73.Chen Liyun.Engineering geological conditions and stability prediction of the dump of west No.2 coal mine of Shengli Coalfield[J].West Resources,2015(6):71-73.
[15]寇晓东,周维垣,杨若琼.FLAC3D进行三峡船闸高边坡稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(1):6-10.Kou Xiaodong,Zhou Weiyuan,Yang Ruoqiong.Stability analysis of the high slopes of Three Gorges ship lock using FLAC3D[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(1):6-10.
[16]曹兰柱,赵立春.含多弱层复合边坡滑坡治理三维数值分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2015,11(6):102-107.Cao Lanzhu,Zhao Lichun.Three-dimensional numerical analysis on landslide control of composite slope with multiple weak layers[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2015,11(6):102-107.
[2]陈立云.倾斜基底排土场稳定性预测与失稳机制探讨--以胜利煤田西二号露天煤矿排土场为例[J].中国煤炭地质,2016,28(3):50-55.Chen Liyun.Prediction of stability and discussion of instability mechanism of inclined basement dump:taking the dump of No.2opencast coal mine in Shengli Coalfield as an example[J].Coal Geology of China,2016,28(3):50-55.
[3]曹兰柱,王珍,王东,等.软弱基底排土场堆载过程中稳定性数值模拟[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2017,37(5):776-781.Cao Lanzhu,Wang Zhen,Wang Dong,et al.Numerical simulation of the stability of soft base dump during loading[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2017,37(5):776-781.
[4]王家臣,陈冲.软弱基底排土场边坡稳定性三维反演分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(3):474-479.Wang Jiachen,Chen Chong.Three-dimensional inversion analysis of slope stability of dump with weak base[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2017,46(3):474-479.
[5]丰定祥,吴家秀,葛修润.边坡稳定性分析中几个问题的探讨[J].岩土工程学报,1990,12(3):1-9.Feng Dingxiang,Wu Jiaxiu,Ge Xiurun.Some problems of slope Stability analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1990,12(3):1-9.
[6]王俊,孙书伟,陈冲.饱水黄土基底排土场地质力学模型试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(5):861-867.Wang Jun,Sun Shuwei,Chen Chong.Geo-mechanical model experiment research of dumping site on loess basemen[tJ].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(5):861-867.
[7]董晓红,梁桂兰,许忠厚.边坡稳定分析方法综述及发展趋势研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2012,10(5):100-102.Dong Xiaohong,Liang Guilan,Xu Zhonghou.Summarization for slope stability analysis methods and research on their development trend[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2012,10(5):100-102.
[8]丁参军,张林洪,于国荣,等.边坡稳定性分析方法研究现状与趋势[J].水电能源科学,2011,29(8):112-114.Ding Canjun,Zhang Linhong,Yu Guorong,et al.Research current situation and development trend of slope stability analysis method[J].Water Resources and Power,2011,29(8):112-114.
[9]Bishop A W.The use of the slip circle in the stability analysis of slopes[J].Geotechnique,1955,5(1):7-17.
[10]Janbu N.Earth pressures and bearing capacity calculations by generalized procedure of slices[C]//Proceedings of the 4thConference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.London,1957:207-212.
[11]曹平,张科,汪亦显,等.复杂边坡滑动面确定的联合搜索法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(4):814-821.Cao Ping,ZhangKe,WangYixian,et al.Mixed search algorithm of critical slip surface of complex slope[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2010,29(4):814-821.
[12]赵尚毅,郑颖人,邓卫东.用有限元强度折减法进行节理岩质边坡稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2):254-260.Zhao Shangyi,Zheng Yingren,Deng Weidong.Stability analysis on jointed rock slope rock slope by strength reduction fem[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(2):254-260.
[13]王东,王珍,曹兰柱,等.断层位置对露天矿顺倾层状边坡稳定性的影响研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(12):83-89.Wang Dong,Wang Zhen,Cao Lanzhu,et al.Influence of fault's position on stability of dip bedded slope in surface mines[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,24(12):83-89.
[14]陈立云.胜利煤田西二号露天煤矿排土场边坡工程地质环境条件及稳定性预测[J].西部资源,2015(6):71-73.Chen Liyun.Engineering geological conditions and stability prediction of the dump of west No.2 coal mine of Shengli Coalfield[J].West Resources,2015(6):71-73.
[15]寇晓东,周维垣,杨若琼.FLAC3D进行三峡船闸高边坡稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(1):6-10.Kou Xiaodong,Zhou Weiyuan,Yang Ruoqiong.Stability analysis of the high slopes of Three Gorges ship lock using FLAC3D[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(1):6-10.
[16]曹兰柱,赵立春.含多弱层复合边坡滑坡治理三维数值分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2015,11(6):102-107.Cao Lanzhu,Zhao Lichun.Three-dimensional numerical analysis on landslide control of composite slope with multiple weak layers[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2015,11(6):102-107.