烟草赤星病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟环唑敏感性测定及田间防效试验
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摘要
为明确山东省主要烟草产区烟草赤星病菌Alternaria alternata对苯醚甲环唑和氟环唑的敏感性,采用菌丝生长速率法检测苯醚甲环唑和氟环唑对86株烟草赤星病菌菌株的EC_(50),用Spearman’s秩相关系数法分析供试菌株对2种杀菌剂敏感性的相关性,并评价其对烟草赤星病的田间防效。结果表明,苯醚甲环唑对烟草赤星病菌菌丝生长EC_(50)值介于5.3883～8.0316 mg/L之间,平均值为6.9594 mg/L,敏感性频率分布呈连续性偏正态分布,田间烟草赤星病菌对苯醚甲环唑仍然较为敏感,可建立田间烟草赤星病菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感基线。氟环唑对烟草赤星病菌菌丝生长的EC_(50)值介于0.1253～0.2517 mg/L,平均值为0.1773 mg/L,敏感性频率分布呈连续性偏正态分布,可建立田间烟草赤星病菌对氟环唑的敏感基线。相关性分析结果表明,烟草赤星病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟环唑敏感性之间不存在明显的相关性。田间试验结果表明,30%苯醚甲环唑悬浮剂对烟草赤星病具有较好的防效,其有效成分150 g/hm~2处理的防效最高,为73.99%;12.5%氟环唑悬浮剂对烟草赤星病的最高防效为70.57%。表明2种三唑类杀菌剂对烟草赤星病防效较好。
To clarify the sensitivity of leaf spot pathogen Alternaria alternata to difenoconazole and epoxiconazole and control efficacy for tobacco brown spot, the 86 isolates of A. alternata were collected in Shandong Province, the inhibition of mycelial growth of these isolates were detected and the control efficacy of two fungicides to tobacco brown spot were also evaluated in the tobacco field. The sensitivities of two fungicides were analyzed with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient method. The results showed that the EC_(50) values of 86 isolates to difenoconazole varied from 5.3883 to 8.0316 mg/L, with an average of 6.9594 mg/L. The EC_(50) values of all isolates to epoxiconazole varied from 0.1253 to 0.2517 mg/L, with an average of 0.1773 mg/L. The sensitivity frequency distribution showed a continuous partial normal distribution, which could establish the sensitive baseline for A. alternata in the field.The correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between two fungicides. The test results in field showed that 30% difenoconazole SC had better control effect on tobacco scab, and the control effect of 150 g/hm~2 was the highest(73.99%); the highest control effect of 12.5% epoxiconazole SC was 70.57%. The results indicated that two fungicides had good control effect against tobacco brown spot.
To clarify the sensitivity of leaf spot pathogen Alternaria alternata to difenoconazole and epoxiconazole and control efficacy for tobacco brown spot, the 86 isolates of A. alternata were collected in Shandong Province, the inhibition of mycelial growth of these isolates were detected and the control efficacy of two fungicides to tobacco brown spot were also evaluated in the tobacco field. The sensitivities of two fungicides were analyzed with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient method. The results showed that the EC_(50) values of 86 isolates to difenoconazole varied from 5.3883 to 8.0316 mg/L, with an average of 6.9594 mg/L. The EC_(50) values of all isolates to epoxiconazole varied from 0.1253 to 0.2517 mg/L, with an average of 0.1773 mg/L. The sensitivity frequency distribution showed a continuous partial normal distribution, which could establish the sensitive baseline for A. alternata in the field.The correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between two fungicides. The test results in field showed that 30% difenoconazole SC had better control effect on tobacco scab, and the control effect of 150 g/hm~2 was the highest(73.99%); the highest control effect of 12.5% epoxiconazole SC was 70.57%. The results indicated that two fungicides had good control effect against tobacco brown spot.
引文
Bi QY,Ma ZQ,Han XY,Zhang XF,Wang WQ,Zhao JJ.2017.Sensitivity of diverse fungicides on powdery mildew of wheat and cross resistance with triadimefon.Journal of Plant Protection,44(2):331-336(in Chinese)[毕秋艳,马志强,韩秀英,张小风,王文桥,赵建江.2017.不同机制杀菌剂对小麦白粉病的敏感性及与三唑酮的交互抗性.植物保护学报,44(2):331-336]
Chen HZ,Yang HF,Yao KB,Zhuang YQ,Miu K,Shu ZL.2017.Drug resistance of Gibberella fujikuroi and correlation analysis of its sensitivity to different fungicides.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,33(33):135-141(in Chinese)[陈宏州,杨红福,姚克兵,庄义庆,缪康,束兆林.2017.藤仓赤霉菌的抗药性及对不同杀菌剂敏感性的相关分析.中国农学通报,33(33):135-141]
Chen J,Li LY,Gao M,Ma GH,Chen GK,Yu QT.2017.Indoor screening and field trial of fungicides against tobacco brown spot.Chinese Tobacco Science,38(1):73-77(in Chinese)[陈杰,李六英,高敏,马冠华,陈国康,于庆涛.2017.烟草赤星病室内防治药剂筛选及田间防治效果.中国烟草科学,38(1):73-77]
Dai YL,Gan L,Ruan HC,Shi NN,Du YX,Chen FR,Yang XJ.2017.Sensitivity of Bipolaris maydis to iprodione and pyraclostrobin and their control efficacy against southern corn leaf blight in Fujian Province.Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,19(4):434-440(in Chinese)[代玉立,甘林,阮宏椿,石妞妞,杜宜新,陈福如,杨秀娟.2017.福建省玉米小斑病菌对异菌脲和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性及其田间防效.农药学学报,19(4):434-440]
Fang ZD.1998.Research methods of plant pathology(3rd edition).Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.124(in Chinese)[方中达.1998.植病研究方法(第3版).北京:中国农业出版社,pp.124]
Han YC,Xiang FY,Zeng XG,Chen FY,Gu YC.2016.Sensitivity of Colletotrichum spp.from strawberry to difenoconazole in Hubei Province.Journal of Plant Protection,43(3):525-526(in Chinese)[韩永超,向发云,曾祥国,陈丰滢,顾玉成.2016.湖北省草莓炭疽病菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性测定.植物保护学报,43(3):525-526]
Hua NZ.2013.Development and application of difenoconazole fungicide.World Pesticides,35(6):7-12,24(in Chinese)[华乃震.2013.杀菌剂苯醚甲环唑的进展和应用.世界农药,35(6):7-12,24]
Joseph-Horne T,Hollomon DW.2000.Functional diversity within the mitochondrial electron transport chain of plant pathogenic fungi.Pest Management Science,56(1):24-30
Li MY,Zhu ML.2007.Determination of dimethachlon resistance in Alternaria alternata.Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,20(3):412-416(in Chinese)[李梅云,祝明亮.2007.烟草赤星病菌对菌核净的抗药性测定.西南农业学报,20(3):412-416]
Liu BY,Zhang W,Luan BH,Wang PS,Wang YZ.2013.Sensitivity of Botryosphaeria dothidea to difenoconazole and flusilazole and cross-resistance of different fungicides.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,43(5):541-548(in Chinese)[刘保友,张伟,栾炳辉,王培松,王英姿.2013.苹果轮纹病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟环唑的敏感性及其交互抗性.植物病理学报,43(5):541-548]
Lin CH,Wang KY,Gu CB,Zuo YM,Niu F.2009.Sensitivities of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae to four triazole fungicides in major strawberry growing areas of Shandong Province.Journal of Plant Protection,36(1):55-60(in Chinese)[林才华,王开运,顾春波,左一鸣,牛芳.2009.山东省草莓枯萎病菌对四种三唑类杀菌剂的敏感性检测.植物保护学报,36(1):55-60]
Liu D,Li DJ,Chen W,Du GP,Zhou LB.2010.Indoor toxicity test of eight fungicides on Alternaria alternata.Hunan Agricultural Sciences,(9):72-74(in Chinese)[刘丹,黎定军,陈武,杜桂萍,周棱波.2010.8种杀菌剂对烟草赤星病菌的室内毒力测定.湖南农业科学,(9):72-74]
Liu XM,Chang W,Li DZ.2000.Researching advance of tobacco brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata.Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,31(1):80-85(in Chinese)[刘学敏,常稳,李大壮.2000.烟草赤星病研究现状及存在问题.东北农业大学学报,31(1):80-85]
Meng JY,Cao Y,Lu N,Shang SH.2013.Resistance of Alternaria alternata to dimethachlon in Guizhou Province.Journal of Plant Protection,40(5):479-480(in Chinese)[孟建玉,曹毅,陆宁,商胜华.2013.贵州省烟草赤星病菌对菌核净的抗药性.植物保护学报,40(5):479-480]
Peng XW,Liu GZ,Yang YZ,Yang YZ,Deng XM.2000.Identification of pathogens for brown spots on tobacco plants in Yunnan Province and selection for effective fungicides for its control.Journal of Southwest Agricultural University,22(2):153-156(in Chinese)[彭希文,刘光珍,杨永柱,杨佑斋,邓先明.2000.云南省烟草赤星病(Tobacco brown spot)病原研究及其防治药剂的筛选.西南农业大学学报,22(2):153-156]
Scott DW.1979.On Optimal and Data-Based Histograms.Biometrika,66(3):605-610
Sun K.2013.Market and outlook of the ten fungicides in the world.Agrochemicals,52(7):469-475(in Chinese)[孙克.2013.全球十大杀菌剂的市场与展望.农药,52(7):469-475]
Xu JQ,Wu SL,Zhao JJ,Hu XH,Wu YY,Yang GF,Fan QQ.2016.Sensitivity of Rhizoctonia cerealis to triadimefon in Henan Province.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,47(1):138-141(in Chinese)[徐建强,伍士郎,赵建江,胡雪涵,吴亚云,杨改凤,范倩倩.2016.河南省小麦纹枯病菌对三唑酮的敏感性.植物病理学报,47(1):138-141]
Zhang WM,Zhang CQ,Zhou ZB,Deng Y.2013.Field efficacy evaluation of different fungicides in controlling Alternaria longipes.Biological Disaster Science,36(3):288-290(in Chinese)[张文梅,张超群,周治宝,邓懿.2013.不同杀菌剂防治烟草赤星病的田间药效评价.生命灾害科学,36(3):288-290]
Zhao JJ,Han XY,Zhang XF,Ma ZC,Wang WQ.2010.The sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to difenoconazole and cross-resistance against diverse fungicides.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,26(22):282-286(in Chinese)[赵建江,韩秀英,张小风,马志超,王文桥.2010.灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性及其对不同杀菌剂的交互抗药性.中国农学通报,26(22):282-286]
Chen HZ,Yang HF,Yao KB,Zhuang YQ,Miu K,Shu ZL.2017.Drug resistance of Gibberella fujikuroi and correlation analysis of its sensitivity to different fungicides.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,33(33):135-141(in Chinese)[陈宏州,杨红福,姚克兵,庄义庆,缪康,束兆林.2017.藤仓赤霉菌的抗药性及对不同杀菌剂敏感性的相关分析.中国农学通报,33(33):135-141]
Chen J,Li LY,Gao M,Ma GH,Chen GK,Yu QT.2017.Indoor screening and field trial of fungicides against tobacco brown spot.Chinese Tobacco Science,38(1):73-77(in Chinese)[陈杰,李六英,高敏,马冠华,陈国康,于庆涛.2017.烟草赤星病室内防治药剂筛选及田间防治效果.中国烟草科学,38(1):73-77]
Dai YL,Gan L,Ruan HC,Shi NN,Du YX,Chen FR,Yang XJ.2017.Sensitivity of Bipolaris maydis to iprodione and pyraclostrobin and their control efficacy against southern corn leaf blight in Fujian Province.Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,19(4):434-440(in Chinese)[代玉立,甘林,阮宏椿,石妞妞,杜宜新,陈福如,杨秀娟.2017.福建省玉米小斑病菌对异菌脲和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性及其田间防效.农药学学报,19(4):434-440]
Fang ZD.1998.Research methods of plant pathology(3rd edition).Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.124(in Chinese)[方中达.1998.植病研究方法(第3版).北京:中国农业出版社,pp.124]
Han YC,Xiang FY,Zeng XG,Chen FY,Gu YC.2016.Sensitivity of Colletotrichum spp.from strawberry to difenoconazole in Hubei Province.Journal of Plant Protection,43(3):525-526(in Chinese)[韩永超,向发云,曾祥国,陈丰滢,顾玉成.2016.湖北省草莓炭疽病菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性测定.植物保护学报,43(3):525-526]
Hua NZ.2013.Development and application of difenoconazole fungicide.World Pesticides,35(6):7-12,24(in Chinese)[华乃震.2013.杀菌剂苯醚甲环唑的进展和应用.世界农药,35(6):7-12,24]
Joseph-Horne T,Hollomon DW.2000.Functional diversity within the mitochondrial electron transport chain of plant pathogenic fungi.Pest Management Science,56(1):24-30
Li MY,Zhu ML.2007.Determination of dimethachlon resistance in Alternaria alternata.Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,20(3):412-416(in Chinese)[李梅云,祝明亮.2007.烟草赤星病菌对菌核净的抗药性测定.西南农业学报,20(3):412-416]
Liu BY,Zhang W,Luan BH,Wang PS,Wang YZ.2013.Sensitivity of Botryosphaeria dothidea to difenoconazole and flusilazole and cross-resistance of different fungicides.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,43(5):541-548(in Chinese)[刘保友,张伟,栾炳辉,王培松,王英姿.2013.苹果轮纹病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟环唑的敏感性及其交互抗性.植物病理学报,43(5):541-548]
Lin CH,Wang KY,Gu CB,Zuo YM,Niu F.2009.Sensitivities of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae to four triazole fungicides in major strawberry growing areas of Shandong Province.Journal of Plant Protection,36(1):55-60(in Chinese)[林才华,王开运,顾春波,左一鸣,牛芳.2009.山东省草莓枯萎病菌对四种三唑类杀菌剂的敏感性检测.植物保护学报,36(1):55-60]
Liu D,Li DJ,Chen W,Du GP,Zhou LB.2010.Indoor toxicity test of eight fungicides on Alternaria alternata.Hunan Agricultural Sciences,(9):72-74(in Chinese)[刘丹,黎定军,陈武,杜桂萍,周棱波.2010.8种杀菌剂对烟草赤星病菌的室内毒力测定.湖南农业科学,(9):72-74]
Liu XM,Chang W,Li DZ.2000.Researching advance of tobacco brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata.Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,31(1):80-85(in Chinese)[刘学敏,常稳,李大壮.2000.烟草赤星病研究现状及存在问题.东北农业大学学报,31(1):80-85]
Meng JY,Cao Y,Lu N,Shang SH.2013.Resistance of Alternaria alternata to dimethachlon in Guizhou Province.Journal of Plant Protection,40(5):479-480(in Chinese)[孟建玉,曹毅,陆宁,商胜华.2013.贵州省烟草赤星病菌对菌核净的抗药性.植物保护学报,40(5):479-480]
Peng XW,Liu GZ,Yang YZ,Yang YZ,Deng XM.2000.Identification of pathogens for brown spots on tobacco plants in Yunnan Province and selection for effective fungicides for its control.Journal of Southwest Agricultural University,22(2):153-156(in Chinese)[彭希文,刘光珍,杨永柱,杨佑斋,邓先明.2000.云南省烟草赤星病(Tobacco brown spot)病原研究及其防治药剂的筛选.西南农业大学学报,22(2):153-156]
Scott DW.1979.On Optimal and Data-Based Histograms.Biometrika,66(3):605-610
Sun K.2013.Market and outlook of the ten fungicides in the world.Agrochemicals,52(7):469-475(in Chinese)[孙克.2013.全球十大杀菌剂的市场与展望.农药,52(7):469-475]
Xu JQ,Wu SL,Zhao JJ,Hu XH,Wu YY,Yang GF,Fan QQ.2016.Sensitivity of Rhizoctonia cerealis to triadimefon in Henan Province.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,47(1):138-141(in Chinese)[徐建强,伍士郎,赵建江,胡雪涵,吴亚云,杨改凤,范倩倩.2016.河南省小麦纹枯病菌对三唑酮的敏感性.植物病理学报,47(1):138-141]
Zhang WM,Zhang CQ,Zhou ZB,Deng Y.2013.Field efficacy evaluation of different fungicides in controlling Alternaria longipes.Biological Disaster Science,36(3):288-290(in Chinese)[张文梅,张超群,周治宝,邓懿.2013.不同杀菌剂防治烟草赤星病的田间药效评价.生命灾害科学,36(3):288-290]
Zhao JJ,Han XY,Zhang XF,Ma ZC,Wang WQ.2010.The sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to difenoconazole and cross-resistance against diverse fungicides.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,26(22):282-286(in Chinese)[赵建江,韩秀英,张小风,马志超,王文桥.2010.灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性及其对不同杀菌剂的交互抗药性.中国农学通报,26(22):282-286]