基于TOPSIS-熵权法的陕西创新驱动发展评价指标研究
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摘要
实施创新驱动发展战略成为陕西经济发展新常态、保持经济持续健康发展的必然选择。如何更好地实施创新驱动发展战略,评价创新发展成果,关键在于形成具有陕西特色的创新驱动发展体系。通过对"三个陕西"的分析,紧紧围绕陕西"十三五"规划纲要,参考相关研究,结合陕西实际,构建陕西创新驱动发展评价指标体系。在此基础上,综合运用了TOPSIS-熵权法实证分析了陕西2012～2017年的创新驱动发展水平以及各指标的贡献程度。研究认为,陕西创新驱动发展水平逐年增加,经历了一个先降后升再回落的过程,这个过程反映的是陕西创新驱动发展的变化过程,自2015年以后这种发展速度有所减缓,但仍处在上升期。为了更好地指导行业发展,识别出陕西创新驱动发展过程的关键指标,分别为:快递量,发明专利申请量,园林绿地面积,技术市场成交额,水电、风电及其他能发电消费总量,地方财政科学技术支出等指标,在实证结果的基础上,结合各指标贡献程度,从重视与扶持快递业发展、推动技术转移工作、加大财政科技支出、抢抓"一带一路"倡议机遇、加强知识产权保护、推进陕西绿色能源应用发展等6个方面提出可操作性政策建议。
Implementing innovation-driven development strategy has become an inevitable choice and new norm for Shaanxi's sustained and healthy economic development. How to better implement the strategy of innovation-driven development and evaluate the achievements of innovation lies in the formation of an innovation-driven development system with Shaanxi characteristics. The evaluation index system of innovation driven development in Shaanxi is constructed,through the analysis of the "Three Shaanxi" and closely around the "13 th Five-Year Plan " outline of Shaanxi,referring to relevant research,combining with the reality of the province. On this basis,the TOPSIS-entropy weight method was used to empirically analyze the level of innovation driven development and the contribution of each index in Shaanxi from 2012 to 2017. The results show that: the level of innovation driven development in Shaanxi has been increasing year by year,with the overall process as first decline,then rise and then fall back. This process reflects the changing process of innovation driven development in Shaanxi. Since2015,the development speed has slowed down,but it is still on the rise. To better guide the industry,it identifies key indicators of Shaanxi's innovation driven development process. They are: express delivery,patent application for invention,green space area,technology market turnover,total consumption of hydropower,wind power and other energy,local financial expenditure on science and technology and other indicators. Finally,based on the empirical results,combined with the degree of index contribution,we put forward some feasible policy recommendations. We should attach importance to supporting the development of the express industry,promoting the transfer of technology,increasing financial and technological expenditure,grasping the opportunity of "the Belt and Road"Initiative,strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights,and promoting the application of green energy in Shaanxi.
Implementing innovation-driven development strategy has become an inevitable choice and new norm for Shaanxi's sustained and healthy economic development. How to better implement the strategy of innovation-driven development and evaluate the achievements of innovation lies in the formation of an innovation-driven development system with Shaanxi characteristics. The evaluation index system of innovation driven development in Shaanxi is constructed,through the analysis of the "Three Shaanxi" and closely around the "13 th Five-Year Plan " outline of Shaanxi,referring to relevant research,combining with the reality of the province. On this basis,the TOPSIS-entropy weight method was used to empirically analyze the level of innovation driven development and the contribution of each index in Shaanxi from 2012 to 2017. The results show that: the level of innovation driven development in Shaanxi has been increasing year by year,with the overall process as first decline,then rise and then fall back. This process reflects the changing process of innovation driven development in Shaanxi. Since2015,the development speed has slowed down,but it is still on the rise. To better guide the industry,it identifies key indicators of Shaanxi's innovation driven development process. They are: express delivery,patent application for invention,green space area,technology market turnover,total consumption of hydropower,wind power and other energy,local financial expenditure on science and technology and other indicators. Finally,based on the empirical results,combined with the degree of index contribution,we put forward some feasible policy recommendations. We should attach importance to supporting the development of the express industry,promoting the transfer of technology,increasing financial and technological expenditure,grasping the opportunity of "the Belt and Road"Initiative,strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights,and promoting the application of green energy in Shaanxi.
引文
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[18]马一德.创新驱动发展与知识产权战略实施[J].中国法学,2013(4):27-38.
[19]许多奇.新税制改革与创新驱动发展战略[J].中国社会科学,2018(3):123-145,208.
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[22]吴优,李文江,丁华,等.创新驱动发展评价指标体系构建[J].开放导报,2014(4):88-92.
[23]张完定,李东辉,王广三.陕西创新驱动发展评价指标研究[J].西安财经学院学报,2018(4):88-93.
[24]张治河,焦贝贝,李怡,等.科技资源匮乏地区创新驱动发展路径研究[J].科研管理,2018(2):46-59.
[25]周柯,唐娟莉,谷洲洋.中国创新驱动发展能力测度与评价[J].统计与决策,2018(2):86-89.
[26]上海财经大学课题组,徐国祥.上海“创新驱动,转型发展”评价指标体系研究[J].科学发展,2014(5):5-16.
[27]王进富,候海燕,张爱香.创新型省份创新驱动发展关键要素识别研究———以陕西为例[J].科技管理研究,2016(20):6-10.
[28]李燕萍,毛雁滨,史瑶.创新驱动发展评价研究———以长江经济带中游地区为例[J].科技进步与对策,2016(22):103-108.
[29]朱斌,任大帅.创新驱动视域下科技发展能力的多指标可拓综合评价———以福州市为例[J].科技管理研究,2017(17):85-92.
[30]刘佐菁,闫晓旭,陈建新.基于耦合理论的广东省创新驱动发展研究[J].科技管理研究,2018(5):29-35.
[31]蓝洁,王志玲,吴宁,等.创新驱动发展评价与青岛实证研究[J].特区经济,2018(5):61-64.
[2] Cooke P. Regional innovation systems:competitive regu-lation in the new Europe[J]. Geoforum,1992,23(3):365-382.
[3] Braczyk H J,Cooke P,Heidenreich M. Regional inno-vation systerms:the role of governance in the globalizedword[M]. London:Routledge,1998.
[4]汪涛,丁雪,杜根旺.国内外区域创新能力研究综述与未来展望[J].技术经济,2014(9):43-48.
[5]李燕萍,罗静子,沈晨.区域创新评价指标体系的构建[J].统计与决策,2016(8):32-34.
[6]党晶晶,王艳,孙斌.区域创新环境评价指标体系构建与实证[J].统计与决策,2018(18):66-69.
[7]骆大进.建设区域创新体系打造高水平“创新极”[J].中国科技论坛,2018(9):7-8.
[8]余以胜,赵浚吟,陈必坤,等.区域创新体系中创新主体的知识流动研究[J].情报理论与实践,2014(7):59-63.
[9]刘懿锋,孙浩进.我国区域创新体系中的产学研合作模式构建[J].区域经济评论,2015(1):86-90.
[10]彭雪蓉,刘洋.我国创新评价研究综述:回顾与展望[J].科研管理,2016(S1):247-256.
[11]洪银兴.论创新驱动经济发展战略[J].经济学家,2013(1):5-11.
[12]王海燕,郑秀梅.创新驱动发展的理论基础、内涵与评价[J].中国软科学,2017(1):41-49.
[13]郑烨,吴建南.内涵演绎、指标体系与创新驱动战略取向[J].改革,2017(6):56-67.
[14]周琳.基于创新驱动发展战略的企业创新绩效研究[J].经济问题,2015(5):124-129.
[15]魏江,李拓宇,赵雨菡.创新驱动发展的总体格局、现实困境与政策走向[J].中国软科学,2015(5):21-30.
[16]袁峥嵘,杜霈.我国实现创新驱动发展战略的路径分析[J].改革与战略,2014(9):47-51.
[17]石佑启,刘茂盛.论创新驱动发展的法治支撑[J].学术研究,2016(1):51-58,177.
[18]马一德.创新驱动发展与知识产权战略实施[J].中国法学,2013(4):27-38.
[19]许多奇.新税制改革与创新驱动发展战略[J].中国社会科学,2018(3):123-145,208.
[20]吕薇.新时代中国创新驱动发展战略论纲[J].改革,2018(2):20-30.
[21]刘娟,马学礼.雄安新区创新驱动发展实现路径研究———创新生态系统视角[J].科技进步与对策,2018(8):32-37.
[22]吴优,李文江,丁华,等.创新驱动发展评价指标体系构建[J].开放导报,2014(4):88-92.
[23]张完定,李东辉,王广三.陕西创新驱动发展评价指标研究[J].西安财经学院学报,2018(4):88-93.
[24]张治河,焦贝贝,李怡,等.科技资源匮乏地区创新驱动发展路径研究[J].科研管理,2018(2):46-59.
[25]周柯,唐娟莉,谷洲洋.中国创新驱动发展能力测度与评价[J].统计与决策,2018(2):86-89.
[26]上海财经大学课题组,徐国祥.上海“创新驱动,转型发展”评价指标体系研究[J].科学发展,2014(5):5-16.
[27]王进富,候海燕,张爱香.创新型省份创新驱动发展关键要素识别研究———以陕西为例[J].科技管理研究,2016(20):6-10.
[28]李燕萍,毛雁滨,史瑶.创新驱动发展评价研究———以长江经济带中游地区为例[J].科技进步与对策,2016(22):103-108.
[29]朱斌,任大帅.创新驱动视域下科技发展能力的多指标可拓综合评价———以福州市为例[J].科技管理研究,2017(17):85-92.
[30]刘佐菁,闫晓旭,陈建新.基于耦合理论的广东省创新驱动发展研究[J].科技管理研究,2018(5):29-35.
[31]蓝洁,王志玲,吴宁,等.创新驱动发展评价与青岛实证研究[J].特区经济,2018(5):61-64.