现代水产种业硅谷建设的几点思考
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摘要
"国以农为本,农以种为先",种业位于农业产业链的最前端,是国家战略性、基础性产业,也是决定现代农业发展的核心要素。我国是世界上12个生物多样性特别丰富的国家之一,水产种质资源分布极为广泛。近年来,我国水产种业发展迅速,但水产增养殖业的良种覆盖率仍然较低。因此,加快发展水产种业尤显迫切。该文论述了国内外水产种业发展现状,分析了我国水产种业存在的问题和发展趋势,提出了建设水产种业硅谷的设想,并对建设目标、建设内容、建设原则及其保障措施提出了几点建议,以期为我国水产种业健康发展起到积极的促进作用。
As the saying goes, "agriculture is the foundation of a nation". Thus, seeds are prioritized in agriculture. The seed industry, a strategic and basic industry in agriculture, is the core factor in the agricultural industry chain and plays a key role in the development of modern agriculture. China is one of the twelve countries rich in biodiversity, with aquatic germplasm resources distributed widely across the country. In recent years, the aquaculture seed industry has achieved considerable great advancement. However, the coverage ratio of fine-scale breeding is still relatively low. Therefore, the aquaculture seed industry in China needs to be improved. In this report, we addressed the current status, evaluated the challenges, and predicted the development tendency of the aquaculture seed industry in China. Based on which, we proposed the modernization of the construction of the Aquaculture Seed Industry Silicon Valley and presented several strategies including construction goals, contents, and principles and safeguard measures. We hope that our work can provide new insights into the sustainable development of the seed industry in the future.
As the saying goes, "agriculture is the foundation of a nation". Thus, seeds are prioritized in agriculture. The seed industry, a strategic and basic industry in agriculture, is the core factor in the agricultural industry chain and plays a key role in the development of modern agriculture. China is one of the twelve countries rich in biodiversity, with aquatic germplasm resources distributed widely across the country. In recent years, the aquaculture seed industry has achieved considerable great advancement. However, the coverage ratio of fine-scale breeding is still relatively low. Therefore, the aquaculture seed industry in China needs to be improved. In this report, we addressed the current status, evaluated the challenges, and predicted the development tendency of the aquaculture seed industry in China. Based on which, we proposed the modernization of the construction of the Aquaculture Seed Industry Silicon Valley and presented several strategies including construction goals, contents, and principles and safeguard measures. We hope that our work can provide new insights into the sustainable development of the seed industry in the future.
引文
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[9]农业部渔业渔政管理局.2017中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017:58-61.Fishery administration bureau of ministry of agriculture.China Fishery Statistical Yearbook[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2017:58-61.
[10]孙儒泳.动物生态学原理[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001:559-567.Sun Ruyong.Principles of Animal Ecology[M].Beijing:Beijing Normal University Press,2001:559-567.
[11]刘英杰,刘永新,方辉,等.我国水产种质资源的研究现状与展望[J].水产学杂志,2015,28(5):48-55,60.Liu Yingjie,Liu Yongxin,Fang Hui,et al.Advances and prospect in research on aquaculture germplasm resources in China[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,2015,28(5):48-55,60.
[12]张振东.国家级水产原良种场发展概况与建议[J]中国水产,2015,7:32-34.Zhang Zhendong.General situation and suggestion of the development of national aquaculture original fine seed farm[J].China Fisheries,2015,7:32-34.
[13]Mercier A,Hamel J F.Apostichopus japonicus[C]//The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,2013:e.T180424A1629389.http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T180424A1629389.en.Gland,Switzerland:IUCN,2013
[2]相建海.中国水产种业发展过程回顾、现状与展望[J].中国农业科技导报,2013,15(6):1-7.Xiang Jianhai.Retrospect,status and prospect of seed industry development of aquaculture in China[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2013,15(6):1-7.
[3]桂建芳,包振民,张晓娟.水产遗传育种与水产种业发展战略研究[J].中国工程科学,2016,18(3):8-14.Gui Jianfang,Bao Zhenmin,Zhang Xiaojuan.Development strategy for aquaculture genetic breeding and seed industry[J].Strategic Study of CAE,2016,18(3):8-14.
[4]贾敬敦,蒋丹平,杨红生,等.现代海洋农业科技创新战略研究[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2014,61-97.Jia Jingdun,Jiang Danping,Yang Hongsheng,et al.Research on Strategy of Innovation in Modern Marine Agricultural Science and Technology[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2014:61-97.
[5]Cornor S.Ready to eat:the first GM fish for the dinner table[EB/OL].https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/ready-to-eat-the-first-gm-fish-for-the-dinner-table-8430639.html,(2012-12-24)[2018-05-24]
[6]Saroglia M,Liu Z J.Functional Genomics in Aquaculture[M].Ames,IA:Wiley and Blackwell Publishing,2012.
[7]FAO,Fisheries and Aquaculture Department.The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture in 2016[M].Rome:Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,2016:10-18.
[8]李乃胜.海水养殖“五次浪潮”引领蓝色技术革命[N].科学时报,2009-01-08(2).Li Naisheng.Mariculture“five waves”lead the blue technology revolution[N].Science times,2009-01-08(2).
[9]农业部渔业渔政管理局.2017中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017:58-61.Fishery administration bureau of ministry of agriculture.China Fishery Statistical Yearbook[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2017:58-61.
[10]孙儒泳.动物生态学原理[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001:559-567.Sun Ruyong.Principles of Animal Ecology[M].Beijing:Beijing Normal University Press,2001:559-567.
[11]刘英杰,刘永新,方辉,等.我国水产种质资源的研究现状与展望[J].水产学杂志,2015,28(5):48-55,60.Liu Yingjie,Liu Yongxin,Fang Hui,et al.Advances and prospect in research on aquaculture germplasm resources in China[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,2015,28(5):48-55,60.
[12]张振东.国家级水产原良种场发展概况与建议[J]中国水产,2015,7:32-34.Zhang Zhendong.General situation and suggestion of the development of national aquaculture original fine seed farm[J].China Fisheries,2015,7:32-34.
[13]Mercier A,Hamel J F.Apostichopus japonicus[C]//The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,2013:e.T180424A1629389.http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T180424A1629389.en.Gland,Switzerland:IUCN,2013