复杂结构件数控编程加工特征用户自定义方法
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摘要
加工特征是实现复杂结构件高效、高质量数控编程的有效手段,但是同一类加工特征只是几何形状和加工工艺相似,并不完全相同。如何适应不同的企业资源与工艺水平、不同类型的复杂结构件进行加工特征定义是基于加工特征进行自动数控编程的一个难题。针对以上难题,本文提出了一种复杂结构件数控编程加工特征用户自定义方法,基于全息属性面边图表达加工特征几何信息,给出了具有一定柔性的加工特征几何信息定义方法,基于语义与规则建立加工特征工艺信息及其与几何信息之间的关联关系,实现了由用户根据企业的制造资源、零件结构和工艺人员的编程习惯等因素自定义加工特征。根据本文提出的方法开发了飞机复杂结构件加工特征用户自定义及自动编程系统,已成功应用于国内某大型航空制造企业的飞机结构件数控编程,经过多项飞机结构件测试,本文提出的方法特征识别正确率平均达到97%。
Machining feature is an effective way for machining process knowledge accumulation and reuse of complex structural parts of aircraft.Machining features of the same type are not completely identical,and are just alike in geometric shape and machining process.How to adapt to different enterprise resources,process levels,and types of structural parts in defining machining features is a difficult issue for automatic numerical control(NC)programming based on machining features.To address the issue,this paper proposes a user defined method for machining features in NC programming of complex structural parts.The geometric information is expressed by holistic attribute adjacency graph,and a flexible geometric information definition method is presented.The process information of machining features and its association with geometric information are established based on semantics and rules.The machining features are defined by users according to the factors of enterprise manufacturing resources,structure of parts,and programming preference of process engineers.A machining feature definition by users and automatic NC programming system of complex structural parts of aircraft are developed based on the proposed method,which has been successfully applied to NC programming of aircraft structural parts in a large-scale aviation manufacturing enterprise.Testing of many structural parts shows that accuracy of feature recognition can averagely be up to 97%.
Machining feature is an effective way for machining process knowledge accumulation and reuse of complex structural parts of aircraft.Machining features of the same type are not completely identical,and are just alike in geometric shape and machining process.How to adapt to different enterprise resources,process levels,and types of structural parts in defining machining features is a difficult issue for automatic numerical control(NC)programming based on machining features.To address the issue,this paper proposes a user defined method for machining features in NC programming of complex structural parts.The geometric information is expressed by holistic attribute adjacency graph,and a flexible geometric information definition method is presented.The process information of machining features and its association with geometric information are established based on semantics and rules.The machining features are defined by users according to the factors of enterprise manufacturing resources,structure of parts,and programming preference of process engineers.A machining feature definition by users and automatic NC programming system of complex structural parts of aircraft are developed based on the proposed method,which has been successfully applied to NC programming of aircraft structural parts in a large-scale aviation manufacturing enterprise.Testing of many structural parts shows that accuracy of feature recognition can averagely be up to 97%.
引文
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[9]International Standardization Organization.ISO 10303STEP AP224Industrial automatic systems and integration-product data representation and exchange-application protocol:mechanical product definition for process planning using machining features[S].
[10]SRIDHARAN N,SHAH J J.Recognition of multi-axis milling features:Part I—topological and geometric characteristics[J].Journal of Computing&Information Science in Engineering,2004,4(1):242-250.
[11]TSENG Y J,JOSHI S B.Recognition of interacting rotational and prismatic machining features from 3-D mill-turn parts[J].International Journal of Production Research,1998,36(11):3147-3165.
[12]BORKAR B R,PURI Y M.Automatic extraction of machining features from prismatic parts using step for downstream applications[J].Journal of the Institution of Engineers,2015,96(3):231-243.
[13]EUM K,KANG M,KIM G,et al.Ontology-based modeling of process selection knowledge for machining feature[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2013,14(10):1719-1726.
[14]LIU J,MA Y S.3Dlevel-set topology optimization:A machining feature-based approach[J].Structural&Multidisciplinary Optimization,2015,52(3):563-582.
[15]LIU J,LIU X,CHENG Y,et al.An approach to mapping machining feature to manufacturing feature volume based on geometric reasoning for process planning[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2015(in press).
[16]GIVEHCHI M,HAGHIGHI A,WANG L.Generic machining process sequencing through a revised enriched machining feature concept[J].Journal of Manufacturing Systems,2015,37:564-575.
[17]HUANG R,ZHANG S,BAI X,et al.An effective NC machining process reuse approach by merging feature similarity assessment and data mining for CAM models[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2015,229(7):1229-1242.
[18]YAN X,YAMAZAKI K.Recognition of machining features and feature topologies from NC programs[J].Computer Aided Design,2000,32(10):605-616.
[19]张辉,张健,张胜文,等.自定义加工特征的船用柴油机箱体件CAD/CAM/CAPP集成系统[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(9):2086-2092.ZHANG H,ZHANG J,ZHANG S W,et al.CAD/CAPP/CAM integration system for box parts of marine diesel engine based on user defined machining feature[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2014,20(9):2086-2092(in Chinese).
[20]刘雪梅,周易,黄剑锋.基于制造资源的复杂箱体零件加工特征识别方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2015,21(12):3166-3173.LIU X M,ZHOU Y,HUANG J F.Machining feature recognition method for complicated boxy parts based on manufacturing resources[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2015,21(12):3166-3173(in Chinese).
[21]苟凌怡,熊光楞,谢金崇,等.基于XML的产品信息集成关键技术研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,14(2):105-110.GOU L Y,XIONG G L,XIE J C,et al.Research on the key technology in the integration of product information based on XML[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2004,14(2):105-110(in Chinese).
[2]韩飞燕,张定华,张莹,等.基于虚拟控制面约束的机匣类零件工序模型建立方法[J].航空学报,2015,36(10):3465-3474.HAN F Y,ZHANG D H,ZHANG Y,et al.A method of generate intermediate process models for casing parts based on virtual control surface constraints[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2015,36(10):3465-3474(in Chinese).
[3]高鑫,李迎光,刘长青,等.基于CAM/CNC集成的航空大型薄壁件数控加工在机刀轨调整方法[J].航空学报,2015,36(12):3980-3990.GAO X,LI Y G,LIU C Q,et al.An adjusting method of tool path on machine for NC manufacture of large thinwalled aeronautical part based on integration of CAM and CNC[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2015,36(12):3980-3990(in Chinese).
[4]韩雄,汤立民.大型航空结构件数控加工装备与先进加工技术[J].航空制造技术,2009(1):44-47.HAN X,TANG L M.NC machining equipment and advanced machining technology for large aircraft component[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2009(1):44-47(in Chinese).
[5]LIU C,LI Y,GAO X.Feature-based adaptive numerical control programming method for the environment of changing manufacturing resources[J].Proceedings of the Insti-tution of Mechanical Engineers Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2015,13(5):237-247.
[6]张振明,许建新,贾晓亮,等.现代CAPP技术与应用[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2003:23-24.ZHANG Z M,XU J X,JIA X L,et al.Modern CAPP technology and application[M].Xi’an:Northwestern Polytechnical University Press,2003:23-24(in Chinese).
[7]吕俊林,江平宇.智能三维CAPP的发展方向及核心技术[J].CAD/CAM与制造业信息化,2009(11):93-95.LU J L,JIANG P Y.The development direction of intelligent 3dCAPP and its core technology[J].CAD/CAM and Manufacturing Informatization,2009(11):93-95(in Chinese).
[8]SHAH J J,MANTYLA M.Parametric and feature-based CAD/CAM:concepts,techniques,and applications[M].New York:Wiley-Interscience Publication,1995:9-15
[9]International Standardization Organization.ISO 10303STEP AP224Industrial automatic systems and integration-product data representation and exchange-application protocol:mechanical product definition for process planning using machining features[S].
[10]SRIDHARAN N,SHAH J J.Recognition of multi-axis milling features:Part I—topological and geometric characteristics[J].Journal of Computing&Information Science in Engineering,2004,4(1):242-250.
[11]TSENG Y J,JOSHI S B.Recognition of interacting rotational and prismatic machining features from 3-D mill-turn parts[J].International Journal of Production Research,1998,36(11):3147-3165.
[12]BORKAR B R,PURI Y M.Automatic extraction of machining features from prismatic parts using step for downstream applications[J].Journal of the Institution of Engineers,2015,96(3):231-243.
[13]EUM K,KANG M,KIM G,et al.Ontology-based modeling of process selection knowledge for machining feature[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2013,14(10):1719-1726.
[14]LIU J,MA Y S.3Dlevel-set topology optimization:A machining feature-based approach[J].Structural&Multidisciplinary Optimization,2015,52(3):563-582.
[15]LIU J,LIU X,CHENG Y,et al.An approach to mapping machining feature to manufacturing feature volume based on geometric reasoning for process planning[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2015(in press).
[16]GIVEHCHI M,HAGHIGHI A,WANG L.Generic machining process sequencing through a revised enriched machining feature concept[J].Journal of Manufacturing Systems,2015,37:564-575.
[17]HUANG R,ZHANG S,BAI X,et al.An effective NC machining process reuse approach by merging feature similarity assessment and data mining for CAM models[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2015,229(7):1229-1242.
[18]YAN X,YAMAZAKI K.Recognition of machining features and feature topologies from NC programs[J].Computer Aided Design,2000,32(10):605-616.
[19]张辉,张健,张胜文,等.自定义加工特征的船用柴油机箱体件CAD/CAM/CAPP集成系统[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(9):2086-2092.ZHANG H,ZHANG J,ZHANG S W,et al.CAD/CAPP/CAM integration system for box parts of marine diesel engine based on user defined machining feature[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2014,20(9):2086-2092(in Chinese).
[20]刘雪梅,周易,黄剑锋.基于制造资源的复杂箱体零件加工特征识别方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2015,21(12):3166-3173.LIU X M,ZHOU Y,HUANG J F.Machining feature recognition method for complicated boxy parts based on manufacturing resources[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2015,21(12):3166-3173(in Chinese).
[21]苟凌怡,熊光楞,谢金崇,等.基于XML的产品信息集成关键技术研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,14(2):105-110.GOU L Y,XIONG G L,XIE J C,et al.Research on the key technology in the integration of product information based on XML[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics,2004,14(2):105-110(in Chinese).
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