2001-2015年青藏高原草地碳源/汇时空变化及其与气候因子的关系
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摘要
净生态系统生产力(NEP)是估算区域植被碳源/汇的重要指标。以青藏高原为研究区,基于光能利用率模型,利用遥感数据、气象数据和基础地理数据测算了2001—2015年草地生态系统净初级生产力(NPP),同时,应用土壤呼吸模型估算了逐月平均土壤呼吸量(Rs),进而估算青藏高原草地净生态系统生产力(NEP)。研究揭示了2001—2015年青藏高原草地生态系统NPP,NEP时空格局及其与气候因子的关系。结果表明:(1)2001—2015年,青藏高原草地生态系统整体表现为碳汇,平均净碳汇总量为1.82×1014 gC/a;(2)2001—2015年青藏高原草地生态系统NEP呈波动增加趋势,年平均值为120.8gC/(m2·a),年平均增长率为0.7gC/(m2·a);(3)研究区草地NPP与温度、降水相关性不显著,NEP与降水、温度均呈负相关。
Net ecosystem productivity(NEP)is an important factor for the regional estimation of carbon sources and carbon sinks.We adopted remote sensing data,meteorological data and basic geographic data to estimate the net primary productivity(NPP)in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau grassland ecosystem in the period from2001 to 2015 based on a light use efficiency model.We analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of NEP in grassland ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on the estimation of the NPP and soil respiration in the period from 2001 to 2015.We also analyzed the relationship between NPP/NEP and main meteorological factors.The results showed that:(1)grassland ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau overall had the function of carbon sink during the period from 2001 to 2015,and the amount of average net carbon sequestration was1.82×1014 gC/a;(2)average NEP of grassland increased during the period from 2001 to 2015,with the average annual NEP of 120.8 gC/(m2·a)and the growth rate of annual NEP of 0.7 gC/(m2·a);(3)NPP of grassland had no significant correlation with precipitation and temperature;NEP of grassland was negatively correlated with precipitation and temperature.
Net ecosystem productivity(NEP)is an important factor for the regional estimation of carbon sources and carbon sinks.We adopted remote sensing data,meteorological data and basic geographic data to estimate the net primary productivity(NPP)in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau grassland ecosystem in the period from2001 to 2015 based on a light use efficiency model.We analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of NEP in grassland ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on the estimation of the NPP and soil respiration in the period from 2001 to 2015.We also analyzed the relationship between NPP/NEP and main meteorological factors.The results showed that:(1)grassland ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau overall had the function of carbon sink during the period from 2001 to 2015,and the amount of average net carbon sequestration was1.82×1014 gC/a;(2)average NEP of grassland increased during the period from 2001 to 2015,with the average annual NEP of 120.8 gC/(m2·a)and the growth rate of annual NEP of 0.7 gC/(m2·a);(3)NPP of grassland had no significant correlation with precipitation and temperature;NEP of grassland was negatively correlated with precipitation and temperature.
引文
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[17]朱文泉,潘耀忠,何浩,等.中国典型植被最大光利用率模拟[J].科学通报,2006,51(6):700-706.
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[20]陶波,曹明奎,李克让,等.1981—2000年中国陆地净生态系统生产力空间格局及其变化[J].中国科学:地球科学,2006,36(12):1131-1139.
[21] Ni Jian,Zhang Xinshi,Scurlock J M O.Synthesis and analysis of biomass and net primary productivity in Chinese forests[J].Annals of Forest Science,2001,58(4):351-384.
[2] Jmo Scurlock,Hall D O.The global carbon sink:a grassland perspective[J]. Global Change Biology,1998,4(2):229-233.
[3]戴尔阜,黄宇,吴卓,等.内蒙古草地生态系统碳源/汇时空格局及其与气候因子的关系[J].地理学报,2016,71(1):21-34.
[4]任小丽,何洪林,张黎,等.2001—2010年三江源区草地净生态系统生产力估算[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(1):51-58.
[5] Piao Shilong,Cui Mengdi,Chen Anping,et al.Altitude and temperature dependence of change in the spring vegetation green-up date from 1982to 2006in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Agricultural&Forest Meteorology,2011,151(12):1599-1608.
[6] Jin Zhenong,Zhuang Qianlai,He Jinsheng,et al.Phenology shift from 1989to 2008on the Tibetan Plateau:an analysis with a process-based soil physical model and remote sensing data[J].Climatic Change,2013,119(2):435-449.
[7]周伟,牟凤云,刚成诚,等.1982—2010年中国草地净初级生产力时空动态及其与气候因子的关系[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):1-11.
[8]张珺,任鸿瑞.人类活动对锡林郭勒盟草原净初级生产力的影响研究[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(7):1125-1133.
[9] Raich J W,Schlesinger W H.The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate[J].Tellus Series B-Chemical&Physical Meteorology,1992,44(2):81-99.
[10]庞瑞,顾峰雪,张远东,等.西南高山地区净生态系统生产力时空动态[J].生态学报,2012,32(24):7844-7856.
[11]李洁,张远东,顾峰雪,等.中国东北地区近50年净生态系统生产力的时空动态[J].生态学报,2014,34(6):1490-1502.
[12]巩杰,张影,钱彩云.甘肃白龙江流域净生态系统生产力时空变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):1-8.
[13]于惠.青藏高原草地变化及其对气候的响应[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.
[14]刘宪锋,任志远,林志慧.青藏高原生态系统固碳释氧价值动态测评[J].地理研究,2013,32(4):663-670.
[15] Field C B,Randerson J T,Malmstr9m C M.Global net primary production:Combining ecology and remote sensing[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1995,51(1):74-88.
[16]朱文泉,潘耀忠,张锦水.中国陆地植被净初级生产力遥感估算[J].植物生态学报,2007,31(3):413-424.
[17]朱文泉,潘耀忠,何浩,等.中国典型植被最大光利用率模拟[J].科学通报,2006,51(6):700-706.
[18] Bond-Lamberty B,Wang C,Gower S T.A global relationship between the heterotrophic and autotrophic components of soil respiration[J].Global Change Biology,2004,10(10):1756-1766.
[19] Raich J W,Potter C S,Bhagawati D.Interannual variability in global soil respiration,1980—1994[J].Global Change Biology,2010,8(8):800-812.
[20]陶波,曹明奎,李克让,等.1981—2000年中国陆地净生态系统生产力空间格局及其变化[J].中国科学:地球科学,2006,36(12):1131-1139.
[21] Ni Jian,Zhang Xinshi,Scurlock J M O.Synthesis and analysis of biomass and net primary productivity in Chinese forests[J].Annals of Forest Science,2001,58(4):351-384.