河北某医学专科学校学生睡眠质量及其影响因素分析
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摘要
目的:了解医学专科学生的睡眠状况及影响因素。方法:运用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和自制睡眠影响因素调查问卷对医学专科学校学生进行分层随机抽样调查。结果:学生PSQI总分为(8.13±2.65)分,睡眠问题检出率为54.85%。男生入睡时间和睡眠障碍评分均低于女生(P<0.05和P<0.01),而睡眠时间评分明显高于女生(P<0.01);城镇和农村生源的学生各项睡眠质量评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);临床专业学生睡眠时间和催眠药物评分均高于护理专业(P<0.01和P<0.05)。男生学业压力、朋友关系(包括同学关系)、手机上网依赖和身体疾病评分均低于女生(P<0.05~P<0.01),而基本不进行体育锻炼评分明显高于女生(P<0.01);不同生源地的学生影响睡眠质量各因子评分中除农村学生经济压力评分高于城镇学生(P<0.05)外,其余各因子评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);临床专业学生父母睡眠状况、所学专业、学业压力和基本不进行体育锻炼的评分明显高于护理专业(P<0.01),而手机上网依赖、饥饿和身体疾病评分均显著低于护理专业(P<0.01)。影响因子总分与PSQI总分呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。除师生关系外,其余14个因子评分与PSQI总分均呈明显正相关关系,其中所学的专业的相关系数最高(r=0.199),饥饿的相关系数最低(r=0.084)。结论:高度重视专科院校学生的睡眠状况,加强心理健康教育,从生活方式、人际关系、学校管理、心理疏导等方面找到改善大学生睡眠质量的途径,提高学生睡眠质量的提高,促进学生身心健康成长。
Objective: To investigate the sleep status and its impact factors in a medical academy students. Methods: The medical academy students were investigated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and self-made sleep impact factors questionnaire by stratified random sampling surveys. Results: The total score of students PSQI was(8. 13 ± 2. 65),the detection rate of sleep problem was54. 85%. The scores of the sleep time and sleep disorders in boy students were lower than that in girl students(P < 0. 05 and P <0. 01),and the score of the length of sleep time in boy students was higher than that in girl students(P < 0. 01). The differences of the score of each item of sleep quality between urban and rural students were not statistically significant(P > 0. 05). The scores of the sleep quality and sleep medication in medical specialty students were higher than that in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 05 and P < 0. 01).The scores of academic pressure,friendship(including classmate relation),mobile internet dependency and physical illness in boy students were lower than that in girl students(P < 0. 05 to P < 0. 01),but the score of physical training in boy students was significantly higher than that in girl students(P < 0. 01). The score of the economic pressure in rural student was higher than that in urban student(P < 0. 05),the difference of the score of other impact factors of sleep quality from different area students was not statistically significant(P > 0. 05). The scores of the sleep quality of student parents,specialty pressure,academic pressure and physical training in medical specialty students were significantly higher than those in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 01),but the scores of mobile internet dependency,hunger and physical illness in medical specialty students were significantly lower than those in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 01),and sleep medication in medical specialty students were higher than that in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 01). The total score of the impact factors was positively correlated with the total score of PSQI(P < 0. 01). Except the teacher-student relationship,the total score of other 14 factors was positively correlated with the total score of PSQI(P < 0. 01). The coefficient correlation of specialty was the highest(r = 0. 199),and the coefficient correlation of hunger was the lowest(r = 0. 084). Conclusions:The sleep quality and mental health education of aca demy students should be emphasized and improved,which can be achieved in life style,interpersonal relationship,school administration and psychological counseling.
Objective: To investigate the sleep status and its impact factors in a medical academy students. Methods: The medical academy students were investigated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and self-made sleep impact factors questionnaire by stratified random sampling surveys. Results: The total score of students PSQI was(8. 13 ± 2. 65),the detection rate of sleep problem was54. 85%. The scores of the sleep time and sleep disorders in boy students were lower than that in girl students(P < 0. 05 and P <0. 01),and the score of the length of sleep time in boy students was higher than that in girl students(P < 0. 01). The differences of the score of each item of sleep quality between urban and rural students were not statistically significant(P > 0. 05). The scores of the sleep quality and sleep medication in medical specialty students were higher than that in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 05 and P < 0. 01).The scores of academic pressure,friendship(including classmate relation),mobile internet dependency and physical illness in boy students were lower than that in girl students(P < 0. 05 to P < 0. 01),but the score of physical training in boy students was significantly higher than that in girl students(P < 0. 01). The score of the economic pressure in rural student was higher than that in urban student(P < 0. 05),the difference of the score of other impact factors of sleep quality from different area students was not statistically significant(P > 0. 05). The scores of the sleep quality of student parents,specialty pressure,academic pressure and physical training in medical specialty students were significantly higher than those in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 01),but the scores of mobile internet dependency,hunger and physical illness in medical specialty students were significantly lower than those in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 01),and sleep medication in medical specialty students were higher than that in nursing specialty students(P < 0. 01). The total score of the impact factors was positively correlated with the total score of PSQI(P < 0. 01). Except the teacher-student relationship,the total score of other 14 factors was positively correlated with the total score of PSQI(P < 0. 01). The coefficient correlation of specialty was the highest(r = 0. 199),and the coefficient correlation of hunger was the lowest(r = 0. 084). Conclusions:The sleep quality and mental health education of aca demy students should be emphasized and improved,which can be achieved in life style,interpersonal relationship,school administration and psychological counseling.
引文
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[12]李婷,劳永华,曾伟杰,等.某理工大学新生心理状态与睡眠质量相关分析[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(3):299.
[13]俞蓉蓉,徐云,许丹,等.大学生人格特质与睡眠质量的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(12):1454.
[14]严由伟,刘明艳,唐向东,等.压力源及其与睡眠质量的现象学关系研究述评[J].心理科学进展,2010,18(10):1537.
[2]王连发,夏冬琴.233例大学生失眠的心因性研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,15(9):775.
[3]白圣豪.大学生失眠症患者人格特征分析[J].心理健康教育,2008(10):55.
[4]刘海燕,贾璐,崔迪,等.贵阳市大学生睡眠质量与自测健康的相关性分析[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(10):1193.
[5]GAULTNEY JF.The prevalence of sleep disorders in college students:impact on academic performance[J].J Am Coll Health,2010,59(2):91.
[6]程志生,黄艳苹.大学生失眠状况及其影响因素研究[J].中国学校卫生,2005,25(5):218.
[7]戚东桂,刘荣,吴晓茜,等.大学生睡眠质量及其影响因素调查[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(5):875.
[8]董兆举,王强,秦国民,等.山东某高校医学生睡眠质量及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2009,30(2):147.
[9]刘贤臣.匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的信度和效度研究[J].中华精神科杂志,1996,29(2):103.
[10]刘明艳,严由伟,陈芳蓉.福州地区高中生焦虑敏感与睡眠质量的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(2):144.
[11]刘灵,严由伟,林荣茂,等.大学生生生活事件和睡眠质量的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(4):308.
[12]李婷,劳永华,曾伟杰,等.某理工大学新生心理状态与睡眠质量相关分析[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(3):299.
[13]俞蓉蓉,徐云,许丹,等.大学生人格特质与睡眠质量的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(12):1454.
[14]严由伟,刘明艳,唐向东,等.压力源及其与睡眠质量的现象学关系研究述评[J].心理科学进展,2010,18(10):1537.
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