双变量试差算法及其在循环水系统中的应用
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摘要
基于末端热交换器冷流体流量核算的对数平均温差法,提出一种双变量试差计算方法以核算冷却循环水系统冷流体质量流量与出口温度。该算法将冷热流体出口温度约束引入换热器数学模型的求解过程中,选择末端换热器冷流体的质量流量、温度这2个变量代入换热器的热平衡方程和传热方程,计算换热量与热流体出口温度,不断修正冷流体质量流量与出口温度,直至热流体出口温度达到设定要求,且冷流体出口温度满足限制条件为止。以某工厂循环水系统节能优化设计为例,对比研究单变量试差法和双变量试差法在换热器冷流体流量核算中的应用。研究结果表明:按双变量试差法优化后的系统既能保障换热器的冷却效果,又能使冷流体出口温度满足控制要求。
Based on the logarithmic mean temperature difference method for calculating the cold fluid flow of end heat exchangers, a method of trial difference calculation for bivariate was proposed to calculate the mass flow rate and temperature of cold fluid. The algorithm adds temperature constrains at the outlet of cold and hot fluids to the calculation of the mathematical model of heat exchanger, and two variables, i.e. mass flow rate and temperature of cold fluid in the end heat exchanger, were chosen, and they were substituted into the thermal balance equation and heat transfer equation,the heat transfer rate and the outlet temperature of the hot fluid were calculated, and the mass flow rate and temperature of cold fluid were constantly corrected until the set requirements of the outlet temperature of the hot fluid were met and the cold fluid outlet temperature satisfied the restriction condition. Energy saving design for the water cycle system in one plant was taken as an example. The application of the method of trial difference calculation for bivariate and the traditional trial difference calculation method were comparatively studied in the flow calculation of the cold fluid of heat exchanger. The results show that the system optimized by the trial difference calculation for bivariate method can not only guarantee the cooling effect of heat exchanger, but also make the outlet temperature of the cold fluid meet the control requirements.
Based on the logarithmic mean temperature difference method for calculating the cold fluid flow of end heat exchangers, a method of trial difference calculation for bivariate was proposed to calculate the mass flow rate and temperature of cold fluid. The algorithm adds temperature constrains at the outlet of cold and hot fluids to the calculation of the mathematical model of heat exchanger, and two variables, i.e. mass flow rate and temperature of cold fluid in the end heat exchanger, were chosen, and they were substituted into the thermal balance equation and heat transfer equation,the heat transfer rate and the outlet temperature of the hot fluid were calculated, and the mass flow rate and temperature of cold fluid were constantly corrected until the set requirements of the outlet temperature of the hot fluid were met and the cold fluid outlet temperature satisfied the restriction condition. Energy saving design for the water cycle system in one plant was taken as an example. The application of the method of trial difference calculation for bivariate and the traditional trial difference calculation method were comparatively studied in the flow calculation of the cold fluid of heat exchanger. The results show that the system optimized by the trial difference calculation for bivariate method can not only guarantee the cooling effect of heat exchanger, but also make the outlet temperature of the cold fluid meet the control requirements.
引文
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[17]王兴俊.列管式换热器壳程防结垢新思路[J].石油和化工设备,2017,20(7):103-104.WANG Xingjun.New idea of preventing fouling in shell side of tube heat exchanger[J].Petro&Chemical Equipment,2017,20(7):103-104.
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[2]张承慧,裴荣辉,石庆升,等.城市变频调速给水泵站的优化配置[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2007,37(2):4-7.ZHANG Chenghui,PEI Ronghui,SHI Qingsheng,et al.Optimal configuration of urban water-supply pump stations with variable frequency speed control[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2007,37(2):4-7.
[3]张森.泵站优化调度系统的设计与实现[D].西安:西安电子科技大学计算机科学与技术学院,2014:1-10.ZHANG Sen.The design and implementation of optimization and scheduling system of pump station[D].Xian:Xidian University.School of Computer Science and Technology,2014:1-10.
[4]肖俊.冷却循环水系统节能改造实例分析[J].铜业工程,2014(3):75-77.XIAO Jun.The example analysis on energy-saving reconstruction of circulation cooling water system[J].Copper Engineering,2014(3):75-77.
[5]王杰,张生安,燕增伟.论循环水系统节能技术的应用[J].化工装备技术,2011,32(1):54-58.WANG Jie,ZHANG Shengan,YAN Zengwei.Application of energy saving technology in circulating water system[J].Chemical Equipment Technology,2011,32(1):54-58.
[6]王雷,蒋宁.基于MATLAB的管壳式换热器优化设计[J].轻工机械,2012,30(2):9-12.WANG Lei,JIANG Ning.Optimizing design for shell and tube heat exchanger based on MATLAB[J].Light Industry Machinery,2012,30(2):9-12.
[7]ATAEI A,PARAND R,PANJESHAHI M H,et al.Application of an optimum design of cooling water system by regeneration concept and pinch technology for water and energy conservation[J].Journal of Applied Sciences,2009,9(10):1847-1858.
[8]GONZALEZ-GOMEZ P A,PETRAKOPOULOU F,BRIONGOS J V,et al.Cost-based design optimization of the heat exchangers in a parabolic trough power plant[J].Energy,2017,123:314-325.
[9]张玉敏,陈义锋.试差法求解化工管路问题的思路[J].高等函授学报(自然科学版),2000,13(5):51-52.ZHANG Yumin,CHEN Yifeng.Thinking of solving chemical pipeline problems by trial and error method[J].Journal of Continuing Higher Education(Natural Science),2000,13(5):51-52.
[10]褚效中,潘莹莹,徐继明,等.平均温度差法和传热单元数法在化工换热计算中的盲区[J].广东化工,2015,42(15):28-29.CHU Xiaozhong,PAN Yingying,XU Jiming,et al.Fade zone on heat calculation method between mean temperature difference and number of transfer units in chemical engineering[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2015,42(15):28-29.
[11]PANJESHAHI M H,ATAEI A.Application of an environmentally optimum cooling water system design in water and energy conservation.International[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2008,5(2):251-262.
[12]张翮辉,邓胜祥,瞿英杰.MOAR理论在工业循环水系统节能中的应用[J].资源节约与环保,2015(10):36-38.ZHANG Hehui,DENG Shengxiang,QU Yingjie.Application of MOAR theory in energy saving of industrial circulating water system[J].Resources Economization&Environmental Protection,2015(10):36-38.
[13]金亚飚.钢铁企业循环冷却水系统节能设计探讨[J].冶金能源,2009,28(1):49-53.JIN Yabiao.Discussion about the circulating cooling water system design of the iron and steel enterprise[J].Energy for Metallurgical Industry,2009,28(1):49-53.
[14]朱光明.研究管壳式换热器的工作原理及结构[J].产业与科技论坛,2017,16(16):72-73.ZHU Guangming.Research on the working principle and structure of shell and tube heat exchanger[J].Industrial&Science Tribune,2017,16(16):72-73.
[15]熊楚安,孙晓楠,邵景景.换热器设计中流体出口温度的优化选择[J].煤矿机械,2002(5):5-7.XIONG Chuan,SUN Xiaonan,SHAO Jingjing.Optimization of fluid outlet temperature in heat exchanger design[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2002(5):5-7.
[16]李富华,项军,杜威,等.换热器结垢与除垢的研究进展[J].盐科学与化工,2017,46(6):22-25.LI Fuhua,XIANG Jun,DU Wei,et al.Recent Advances of Scaling and Descaling in Heat Exchanger[J].Journal of Salt Science and Chemical Industry,2017,46(6):22-25.
[17]王兴俊.列管式换热器壳程防结垢新思路[J].石油和化工设备,2017,20(7):103-104.WANG Xingjun.New idea of preventing fouling in shell side of tube heat exchanger[J].Petro&Chemical Equipment,2017,20(7):103-104.
[18]李宝增,焦学锋.试差法计算流速对传热的影响[J].新疆师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,20(3):49-52.LI Baozeng,JIAO Xuefeng.Influence of flow rate on heat transfer by trial error method[J].Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Natural Science),2001,20(3):49-52.
[19]张智勇.一种工业循环水系统的优化方法:中国,201210108862.7[P].[2012-04-13].ZHANG Zhiyong.An optimization method of industrial circulating water system:China,201210108862.7[P].[2012-04-13].