大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(七)——云南盈江——龙陵地震区深部电性结构及孕震环境
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摘要
本文对一条布设在滇西盈江—龙陵地区的大地电磁剖面(苏典—中山剖面)数据进行了精细处理和二维反演解释,得到了测区较高置信度的二维电性结构.该电性模型纵向上表现为高阻-低阻-高阻的"三明治"式岩石圈电性结构,上地壳为平均厚度约为10km的高阻地层,在约6～16km地壳深度范围发育有电阻率为几欧姆米的显著高导层,下地壳底部和上地幔顶部表现为电性较为均匀的相对高阻层.横向上自西向东划分出以大盈江断裂带、龙陵—瑞丽断裂带为限的3个主要构造区域.壳内分布的高导层沿剖面表现出一定的横向不均匀性,其在龙陵—瑞丽断裂带下方消失,在该处形成了腾冲地块和保山地块的电性构造边界.电性结构表明,大盈江断裂附近高导层顶界面浅,两侧高阻体厚度小,因此难以形成较大规模的相互作用,致其附近浅震源、小震级的地震活跃;龙陵—瑞丽断裂两侧的高阻体较厚,易积累较大的应力,具有大震的深部孕震环境,故其附近发生过多次7级以上强震.
A 2 D Magnetotelluric(MT)profile(Sudian-Zhongshan MT profile)located at YingjiangLongling area,western Yunnan,has been interpreted in refined processing techniques,and results in a robust two-dimensional resistivity model.Characterized by an electrical"sandwich"structure,this model consists of a resistive layer with mean thickness of 10 km in the upper crust,and an obvious high conductive layer in the depth of 6~16 km,under which is the relative resistive and homogeneous lower crust and uppermost mantle.Deduced from the resistivity model,this region was divided into three micro-tectonic elements bounded by the Dayingjiang fault and the LonglingRuili fault respectively from west to east along the MT profile.The distribution of mid-crustal conductive layer shows somehow lateral heterogeneity,which disappears beneath the Longling-Ruili fault.Therefore,the Longling-Ruili fault acts as the electrical tectonic boundary between the Tengchong block and Baoshan block.Our model shows that the top surface of the high conductive layer under the Dayingjiang fault is very shallow,where the bilateral resistive rock of the fault is too thin to accumulate tectonic stress of huge magnitude earthquake hence resulting in active seismicity of shallow and small magnitude earthquakes.However,the thick resistive rock on both sides of the Longling-Ruili fault,which could act as effective mechanical carrier and amass huge tectonic stress,indicates the seismogenic electrical structure of several large earthquakes above magnitude 7 occurred nearby.
A 2 D Magnetotelluric(MT)profile(Sudian-Zhongshan MT profile)located at YingjiangLongling area,western Yunnan,has been interpreted in refined processing techniques,and results in a robust two-dimensional resistivity model.Characterized by an electrical"sandwich"structure,this model consists of a resistive layer with mean thickness of 10 km in the upper crust,and an obvious high conductive layer in the depth of 6~16 km,under which is the relative resistive and homogeneous lower crust and uppermost mantle.Deduced from the resistivity model,this region was divided into three micro-tectonic elements bounded by the Dayingjiang fault and the LonglingRuili fault respectively from west to east along the MT profile.The distribution of mid-crustal conductive layer shows somehow lateral heterogeneity,which disappears beneath the Longling-Ruili fault.Therefore,the Longling-Ruili fault acts as the electrical tectonic boundary between the Tengchong block and Baoshan block.Our model shows that the top surface of the high conductive layer under the Dayingjiang fault is very shallow,where the bilateral resistive rock of the fault is too thin to accumulate tectonic stress of huge magnitude earthquake hence resulting in active seismicity of shallow and small magnitude earthquakes.However,the thick resistive rock on both sides of the Longling-Ruili fault,which could act as effective mechanical carrier and amass huge tectonic stress,indicates the seismogenic electrical structure of several large earthquakes above magnitude 7 occurred nearby.
引文
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Cai J T,Chen X B.2010.Refined techniques for data processing and two-dimensional inversion in magnetotelluricⅡ:which data polarization mode should be used in 2Dinversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),53(11):2703-2714,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.11.018.
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Cao L M,Xu Y,Wu S G.2013.Finite difference tomography of the crustal velocity structure in Tengchong,Yunnan province.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(4):1159-1167,doi:10.6038/cjg20130411.
Chang Z F,Chen G,Yu J Q.2011.Geological evidence of activity along the Dayingjiang fault since late Pleistocene.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),33(4):877-888,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.04.012.
Chen L D,Zhao W C.1979.The 1976Longling Earthquakes(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press.
Chen X B,Cai J T,Wang L F,et al.2014.Refined techniques for magnetotelluric data processing and two-dimensional inversion(IV):statistical image method based on multi-site,multifrequency tensor decomposition.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),57(6):1946-1957,doi:10.6038/cjg20140625.
Chen X B,Guo C L.2017.Refined techniques for magnetotelluric data processing and two-dimensional inversion(V):Detecting the linear structures of the earth by impedance tensor.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(2):766-777,doi:10.6038/cjg20170227.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z,Tang J,et al.2005.An adaptive regularized inversion algorithm for magnetotelluric data.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),48(4):937-946.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z.2009.Automatic construction of a SiteCentered Grid(SCG)for 2D magnetotelluric inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),52(6):1564-1572,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.018.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z,Zhan Y.2004.Windows visual integrated system of MT data processing and interpreting.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),39(S1):11-16.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z,Zhan Y.2007.A preliminary study on the effective detecting depth of magnetotelluric sounding under complex model(in Chinese).Chinese Geophysical Society.Collection of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Chinese Geophysical Society.
China Earthquake Administration.2005.History Strong Earthquake of China(2300B.C-1911A.D)(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press.
Egbert G D.1997.Robust multiple-station magnetotelluric data processing.Geophysical Journal International,130(2):475-496.
Fang L H,Wu J P,Zhang T Z,et al.2011.Relocation of mainshock and aftershocks of the 2011 Yingjiang MS5.8earthquake in Yunnan.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),33(2):262-267.
Gamble T D,Goubau W M,Clarke J.1979.Magnetotellurics with a remote magnetic reference.Geophysics,44(1):53-68.
Guo C L,Chen X B.2017.Refined processing and two-dimensional inversion of Magnetotelluric(MT)data(VI):Twodimensional magnetotelluric inversion based on the staggered model.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(6):2548-2559,doi:10.6038/cjg2018K0244.
Hansen P C.1992.Analysis of discrete ill-posed problems by means of the L-curve.SIAM Review,34(4):561-580.
Huang X M,Du Y,Shu S B,et al.2010.Study of the late Quaternary slip rate along the northern segment on the south branch of Longling-Ruili fault.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),32(2):222-232.
Huangfu G,Chen Y,Qin J Z,et al.2010.The Seismicity in Yunnan(in Chinese).Kunming:Yunnan Science and Technology Press.
Rodi W,Mackie R L.2001.Nonlinear conjugate gradients algorithm for2-D magnetotelluric inversion.Geophysics,66(1):174-187.
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Wang J Y,Huang S P.1990.Heat flow in Chinese continent(2th).Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),12(4):351-366.
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Xu Y,Li D N,Gao Y,et al.2015.Relocations of five Yingjiang sequences(China-Myanmar Border):details of seismogenic faults.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,105(1):314-329.
Yang T,Wu J P,Fang L H,et al.2011.Relocation of main shock and aftershocks of the 2014 Yingjiang MS5.6and MS6.1earthquakes in Yunnan.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),38(4):1047-1057.
Ye T,Chen X B,Yan L J.2013.Refined techniques for data processing and two-dimensional inversion in magnetotelluric(Ⅲ):using the Impressing Method to construct starting model of 2D magnetotelluric inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(10):3596-3606,doi:10.6038/cjg20131034.
Zhao G Z,Tang J,Zhan Y,et al.2004.The relationship between crustal electrical structure and block deformation in the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Science China Series D:Earth Science(in Chinese),34(10):908-918.
Zhao X Y,Han L B,Su Y J,et al.2013.Relocation of MS5.8event of the 2011Yingjiang earthquake sequence.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),29(4):438-447.
Zhong D L.1998.West of the Yunnan-Sichuan Paleotethysides(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press.
安晓文,常祖峰,石静芳.2009.大盈江断裂西南段晚第四纪活动研究.地震研究,32(2):193-197.
蔡军涛,陈小斌.2010.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(二)---反演数据极化模式选择.地球物理学报,53(11):2703-2714,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.11.018.
蔡军涛,陈小斌,赵国泽.2010.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(一)---阻抗张量分解与构造维性分析.地球物理学报,53(10):2516-2526,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.10.025.
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陈小斌,蔡军涛,王立凤等.2014.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(四)---阻抗张量分解的多测点-多频点统计成像分析.地球物理学报,57(6):1946-1957,doi:10.6038/cjg20140625.
陈小斌,郭春玲.2017.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(五)---利用阻抗张量成像识别大地线性构造.地球物理学报,60(2):766-777.
陈小斌,赵国泽.2009.自动构建大地电磁二维反演的测点中心网格.地球物理学报,52(6):1564-1572,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.018.
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陈小斌,赵国泽,詹艳.2004.MT资料处理与解释的Windows可视化集成系统.石油地球物理勘探,39(增刊):11-16.
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Bai D H,Meju M A,Liao Z J.2001.Magnetotelluric images of deep crustal structure of the Rehai geothermal field near Tengchong,southern China.Geophysical Journal International,147(3):677-687.
Bai D H,Meju M A.2003.Deep structure of the Longling-Ruili fault underneath Ruili Basin near the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis:insights from Magnetotelluric imaging.Tectonophysics,364(3-4):135-146.
Cai J T,Chen X B.2010.Refined techniques for data processing and two-dimensional inversion in magnetotelluricⅡ:which data polarization mode should be used in 2Dinversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),53(11):2703-2714,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.11.018.
Cai J T,Chen X B,Zhao G Z.2010.Refined techniques for data processing and two-dimensional inversion in magnetotelluric I:tensor decomposition and dimensionality analysis.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),53(10):2516-2526,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.10.025.
Cao L M,Xu Y,Wu S G.2013.Finite difference tomography of the crustal velocity structure in Tengchong,Yunnan province.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(4):1159-1167,doi:10.6038/cjg20130411.
Chang Z F,Chen G,Yu J Q.2011.Geological evidence of activity along the Dayingjiang fault since late Pleistocene.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),33(4):877-888,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.04.012.
Chen L D,Zhao W C.1979.The 1976Longling Earthquakes(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press.
Chen X B,Cai J T,Wang L F,et al.2014.Refined techniques for magnetotelluric data processing and two-dimensional inversion(IV):statistical image method based on multi-site,multifrequency tensor decomposition.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),57(6):1946-1957,doi:10.6038/cjg20140625.
Chen X B,Guo C L.2017.Refined techniques for magnetotelluric data processing and two-dimensional inversion(V):Detecting the linear structures of the earth by impedance tensor.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(2):766-777,doi:10.6038/cjg20170227.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z,Tang J,et al.2005.An adaptive regularized inversion algorithm for magnetotelluric data.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),48(4):937-946.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z.2009.Automatic construction of a SiteCentered Grid(SCG)for 2D magnetotelluric inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),52(6):1564-1572,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.018.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z,Zhan Y.2004.Windows visual integrated system of MT data processing and interpreting.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),39(S1):11-16.
Chen X B,Zhao G Z,Zhan Y.2007.A preliminary study on the effective detecting depth of magnetotelluric sounding under complex model(in Chinese).Chinese Geophysical Society.Collection of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Chinese Geophysical Society.
China Earthquake Administration.2005.History Strong Earthquake of China(2300B.C-1911A.D)(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press.
Egbert G D.1997.Robust multiple-station magnetotelluric data processing.Geophysical Journal International,130(2):475-496.
Fang L H,Wu J P,Zhang T Z,et al.2011.Relocation of mainshock and aftershocks of the 2011 Yingjiang MS5.8earthquake in Yunnan.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),33(2):262-267.
Gamble T D,Goubau W M,Clarke J.1979.Magnetotellurics with a remote magnetic reference.Geophysics,44(1):53-68.
Guo C L,Chen X B.2017.Refined processing and two-dimensional inversion of Magnetotelluric(MT)data(VI):Twodimensional magnetotelluric inversion based on the staggered model.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(6):2548-2559,doi:10.6038/cjg2018K0244.
Hansen P C.1992.Analysis of discrete ill-posed problems by means of the L-curve.SIAM Review,34(4):561-580.
Huang X M,Du Y,Shu S B,et al.2010.Study of the late Quaternary slip rate along the northern segment on the south branch of Longling-Ruili fault.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),32(2):222-232.
Huangfu G,Chen Y,Qin J Z,et al.2010.The Seismicity in Yunnan(in Chinese).Kunming:Yunnan Science and Technology Press.
Rodi W,Mackie R L.2001.Nonlinear conjugate gradients algorithm for2-D magnetotelluric inversion.Geophysics,66(1):174-187.
Sun J,Xu C F,Jiang Z,et al.1989.The electrical structure of the crust and upper mantle in the west part of Yunnan province and its relation to crustal tectonics.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),11(1):35-45.
Sun Y.2014.Seismic observation and analysis in Southwestern Yunnan[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.
Wang J Y,Huang S P.1990.Heat flow in Chinese continent(2th).Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),12(4):351-366.
Xu X W,Han Z J,Yang X P,et al.2016.Seismotectonic Map of China and Adjacent Areas.Beijing:Seismological Press.
Xu Y,Li D N,Gao Y,et al.2015.Relocations of five Yingjiang sequences(China-Myanmar Border):details of seismogenic faults.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,105(1):314-329.
Yang T,Wu J P,Fang L H,et al.2011.Relocation of main shock and aftershocks of the 2014 Yingjiang MS5.6and MS6.1earthquakes in Yunnan.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),38(4):1047-1057.
Ye T,Chen X B,Yan L J.2013.Refined techniques for data processing and two-dimensional inversion in magnetotelluric(Ⅲ):using the Impressing Method to construct starting model of 2D magnetotelluric inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(10):3596-3606,doi:10.6038/cjg20131034.
Zhao G Z,Tang J,Zhan Y,et al.2004.The relationship between crustal electrical structure and block deformation in the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Science China Series D:Earth Science(in Chinese),34(10):908-918.
Zhao X Y,Han L B,Su Y J,et al.2013.Relocation of MS5.8event of the 2011Yingjiang earthquake sequence.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),29(4):438-447.
Zhong D L.1998.West of the Yunnan-Sichuan Paleotethysides(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press.
安晓文,常祖峰,石静芳.2009.大盈江断裂西南段晚第四纪活动研究.地震研究,32(2):193-197.
蔡军涛,陈小斌.2010.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(二)---反演数据极化模式选择.地球物理学报,53(11):2703-2714,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.11.018.
蔡军涛,陈小斌,赵国泽.2010.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(一)---阻抗张量分解与构造维性分析.地球物理学报,53(10):2516-2526,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.10.025.
陈立德,赵维城.1979.一九七六年龙陵地震.北京:地震出版社.
常祖峰,陈刚,余建强.2011.大盈江断裂晚更新世以来活动的地质证据.地震地质,33(4):877-888,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.04.012.
陈小斌,蔡军涛,王立凤等.2014.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(四)---阻抗张量分解的多测点-多频点统计成像分析.地球物理学报,57(6):1946-1957,doi:10.6038/cjg20140625.
陈小斌,郭春玲.2017.大地电磁资料精细处理和二维反演解释技术研究(五)---利用阻抗张量成像识别大地线性构造.地球物理学报,60(2):766-777.
陈小斌,赵国泽.2009.自动构建大地电磁二维反演的测点中心网格.地球物理学报,52(6):1564-1572,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.06.018.
陈小斌,赵国泽,汤吉等.2005.大地电磁自适应正则化反演算法.地球物理学报,48(4):937-946.
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