基于PSR模型的关中-天水经济区土地生态安全分析
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摘要
通过探讨关中-天水经济区土地生态安全状况,可为经济区土地资源的协调、可持续发展提供决策参考。采用熵值法、PSR模型和构建指标体系对经济区土地生态安全进行评价分析。研究表明:(1)2007—2015年,经济区自然环境承受人类对其造成的压力增大,但生存环境和土地资源所处的安全现状趋于稳定;经济区通过各种手段解决经济区生态系统所面临的问题的力度还不够,积极的人为活动对维护土地生态安全的贡献较小。(2)压力、状态和响应值将自然资源、社会、经济有效联系起来,共同决定了土地生态安全综合值的大小。研究期内经济区土地生态安全综合值为0.468～0.612,总体处于临界安全,即生态系统尚可维持基本功能,生态灾害时有发生。(3)2007年经济区土地生态安全等级较低的城市为天水市,2015年则是西安、咸阳、宝鸡三市,土地生态安全等级分布呈现由次核心城市向中心城市逐渐递减的规律。为了促进经济区的协调可持续发展,如水环境治理、土地高效集约利用、城市化水平、环保投入、植被覆盖率等问题,在未来一定时期内应重点关注。
By discussing the land ecological security status in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone, it can provide decision-making reference for the coordination and sustainable development of land resources in the economic zone. The entropy evaluation method, PSR model and construction index system were used to evaluate the land ecological security in the economic zone. The results of this study are as follows:(1) From 2007 to 2015, the pressure of the natural environment of the economic zone caused by human growth is rising,but the current security status quo faced by living environment and land resources is stabilized; economic zones to solve the economic zone ecosystem problems faced by the intensity through various means is not enough, positive human activities contribute less to the maintenance of land ecological security.(2) Pressure, state and response value will be natural resources which link the social, economic effectively together to determine the size of the integrated value. During the study period, the comprehensive value of land ecological security in the economic zone is between 0.468 and 0.612, and the overall safety at the critical level is that the ecological system can maintain the basic function and the ecological disaster occurs.(3) In 2007, the city with low land ecological security level is Tianshui City, Xi'an, Xianyang and Baoji are in 2015. The distribution of land ecological security grade is gradually decreasing from sub-core city to central city. In order to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of the economic zone, such as treatment of water environment, efficient and intensive land use, urbanization level, environmental protection and vegetation coverage rate and so on in the future should be focused.
By discussing the land ecological security status in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone, it can provide decision-making reference for the coordination and sustainable development of land resources in the economic zone. The entropy evaluation method, PSR model and construction index system were used to evaluate the land ecological security in the economic zone. The results of this study are as follows:(1) From 2007 to 2015, the pressure of the natural environment of the economic zone caused by human growth is rising,but the current security status quo faced by living environment and land resources is stabilized; economic zones to solve the economic zone ecosystem problems faced by the intensity through various means is not enough, positive human activities contribute less to the maintenance of land ecological security.(2) Pressure, state and response value will be natural resources which link the social, economic effectively together to determine the size of the integrated value. During the study period, the comprehensive value of land ecological security in the economic zone is between 0.468 and 0.612, and the overall safety at the critical level is that the ecological system can maintain the basic function and the ecological disaster occurs.(3) In 2007, the city with low land ecological security level is Tianshui City, Xi'an, Xianyang and Baoji are in 2015. The distribution of land ecological security grade is gradually decreasing from sub-core city to central city. In order to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of the economic zone, such as treatment of water environment, efficient and intensive land use, urbanization level, environmental protection and vegetation coverage rate and so on in the future should be focused.
引文
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[15] 高小琛,石培基,潘竟虎,等.基于耕地压力指数和GM(1,1)模型的区域粮食安全状况研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2011,27(4):407.
[16] 王建康,杨尚勤,石英.西北蓝皮书:中国西北发展报告(2012)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2013.
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[18] 潘连公,陈彩能.关中-天水经济区天水市建设现代农业途径研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2013,34(5):62.DOI:10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20130510.
[2] 王鹏,况福民,邓育武,等.基于主成分分析的衡阳市土地生态安全评价[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):168.DOI:10.15957/j.cnki.jjdl.2015.01.024.
[3] 焦红,汪洋.基于PSR模型的佳木斯市土地生态安全综合评价[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(11):29.DOI:10.7621 /cjarrp.1005-9121.20161105.
[4] 吕建树,吴泉源,张祖陆.基于RS和GIS的济宁市土地利用变化及生态安全研究[J].地理科学,2012,32(8):928.DOI:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.08.004.
[5] 周自翔,李晶,冯雪铭.基于GIS的关中-天水经济区土地生态系统固碳释氧价值评价[J].生态学报,2013,33(9):2907.DOI:10.5846 /stxb201202130187.
[6] 周自翔,李晶,韩艳飞.关中-天水经济区土地利用变化对净第一性生产力影响测评[J].干旱区地理,2013,36(6):1058.DOI:10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.2013.06.025.
[7] 韩艳飞,柯长青,李晶.近30年关天经济区植被净初级生产力对土地利用变化的动态响应[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(6):68.DOI:10.13448/j.cnki.jalre.2014.06.020.
[8] 张军以,苏维词,张凤太.基于PSR模型的三峡库区生态经济区土地生态安全评价[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(6):1039.
[9] 陈西蕊,张蓉珍.基于PSR模型的陕西省土地资源生态安全动态评价[J].南方农业学报,2011,42(2):224.
[10]李秀霞,张希.基于熵权法的城市化进程中土地生态安全研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(9):13.DOI:10.13448/j.cnki.jalre.2011.09.003.
[11] 刘玒玒,汪妮,解建仓,等.基于熵权法的城市生态系统健康模糊评价[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2014,47(6):755.
[12] 周迎雪,李贻学,孙仪阳,等.基于PSR-TOPSIS模型的山东省土地生态安全评价[J].农业资源与环境学报,2016,33(4):320.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2015.0270.
[13] 严超,张安明,石仁蓉,等.重庆市黔江区土地生态安全评价及时空变化分析[J].水土保持通报,2016,4(36):262.DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.04.046.
[14] 姚树洁,李峰,陈敏佳.2008年中国经济回顾与分析[J].西安交通大学学报(社会科学版),2009,29(3):12.DOI :10.15896/j.x jtuskxb .2009.03.017.
[15] 高小琛,石培基,潘竟虎,等.基于耕地压力指数和GM(1,1)模型的区域粮食安全状况研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2011,27(4):407.
[16] 王建康,杨尚勤,石英.西北蓝皮书:中国西北发展报告(2012)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2013.
[17] 王乐乐.关中地区新型城镇化对农业产业化的影响分析[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(5):171.DOI:10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20160527.
[18] 潘连公,陈彩能.关中-天水经济区天水市建设现代农业途径研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2013,34(5):62.DOI:10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20130510.